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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Opening and revision |
|||||||
| 2 | 1 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Newton's First Law and Inertia
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Newton's first law of motion -Define inertia and relate it to mass -Explain the concept of balanced and unbalanced forces -Give examples of Newton's first law in daily life -Understand the need for seat belts and safety devices |
Q/A review on forces from previous studies
-Demonstration: cardboard and coin experiment -Demonstration: hitting bottom coin from stack -Discussion on inertia and its relationship to mass -Explanation of seat belts and safety devices in vehicles -Analysis of forces acting on aircraft in flight |
Cardboard
-Glass tumbler -Coins -Charts showing aircraft forces -Pictures of safety devices -Demonstration materials -Balance |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 65-67
|
|
| 2 | 2 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Momentum and its Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define momentum and state its SI unit -Calculate momentum using p = mv -Identify momentum as a vector quantity -Solve problems involving momentum calculations -Compare momentum of different objects |
Review Newton's first law through Q/A
-Introduction to momentum concept with examples -Demonstration: comparing stopping distances of vehicles -Worked examples on momentum calculations -Problem-solving session with various scenarios -Discussion on factors affecting momentum |
Calculator
-Toy cars of different masses -Stopwatch -Measuring tape -Worked examples charts -Problem worksheets |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 67-68
|
|
| 2 | 3 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Momentum and its Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define momentum and state its SI unit -Calculate momentum using p = mv -Identify momentum as a vector quantity -Solve problems involving momentum calculations -Compare momentum of different objects |
Review Newton's first law through Q/A
-Introduction to momentum concept with examples -Demonstration: comparing stopping distances of vehicles -Worked examples on momentum calculations -Problem-solving session with various scenarios -Discussion on factors affecting momentum |
Calculator
-Toy cars of different masses -Stopwatch -Measuring tape -Worked examples charts -Problem worksheets |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 67-68
|
|
| 2 | 4 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Newton's Second Law of Motion
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Newton's second law of motion -Derive the relationship F = ma -Define the Newton as unit of force -Understand rate of change of momentum -Apply F = ma to solve problems |
Q/A on momentum concepts
-Derivation of F = ma from Newton's second law -Definition of the Newton using F = ma -Demonstration using ticker-timer and trolley -Worked examples applying F = ma -Problem-solving session with force calculations |
Ticker-timer
-Trolley -Runway -Elastic cords -Masses -Calculator -Force diagrams -Worked examples |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 68-74
|
|
| 2 | 5 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Experimental Verification of Newton's Second Law
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Investigate relationship between force and acceleration -Investigate relationship between mass and acceleration -Verify F = ma experimentally -Analyze ticker-tape results -Draw conclusions from experimental data |
Review F = ma through Q/A
-Experiment: Force vs acceleration (constant mass) -Experiment: Mass vs acceleration (constant force) -Analysis of ticker-tape patterns -Data collection and graph plotting -Discussion on experimental errors and improvements |
Ticker-timer
-Trolley -Ticker tape -Elastic cords -Various masses -Scissors -Graph paper -Rulers -Calculator |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 69-71
|
|
| 3 | 1 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Impulse and Change in Momentum
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define impulse and state its units -Understand impulse-momentum theorem -Calculate impulse using Ft = Δp -Analyze force-time graphs -Apply impulse concept to real situations |
Q/A review on Newton's second law
-Introduction to impulse concept -Derivation of impulse-momentum theorem -Analysis of force-time graphs and area calculation -Worked examples on impulse calculations -Discussion on applications: car safety, sports |
Graph paper
-Force-time graph examples -Calculator -Charts showing car safety features -Sports equipment examples -Worked examples |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 71-74
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Impulse and Change in Momentum
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define impulse and state its units -Understand impulse-momentum theorem -Calculate impulse using Ft = Δp -Analyze force-time graphs -Apply impulse concept to real situations |
Q/A review on Newton's second law
-Introduction to impulse concept -Derivation of impulse-momentum theorem -Analysis of force-time graphs and area calculation -Worked examples on impulse calculations -Discussion on applications: car safety, sports |
Graph paper
-Force-time graph examples -Calculator -Charts showing car safety features -Sports equipment examples -Worked examples |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 71-74
|
|
| 3 | 3 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Newton's Third Law of Motion
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Newton's third law of motion -Understand action and reaction pairs -Explain that forces occur in pairs -Apply third law to various situations -Analyze motion in different scenarios |
Review impulse concepts through Q/A
-Demonstration: walking and floor interaction -Demonstration: jumping from boat scenario -Discussion on action-reaction pairs -Examples from daily life: walking, swimming, rocket propulsion -Problem-solving involving third law |
Books for pressure demonstration
-Spring balances -Trolleys -String -Charts showing action-reaction examples -Pictures of rockets and jets |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 75-80
|
|
| 3 | 4 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Newton's Third Law of Motion
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Newton's third law of motion -Understand action and reaction pairs -Explain that forces occur in pairs -Apply third law to various situations -Analyze motion in different scenarios |
Review impulse concepts through Q/A
-Demonstration: walking and floor interaction -Demonstration: jumping from boat scenario -Discussion on action-reaction pairs -Examples from daily life: walking, swimming, rocket propulsion -Problem-solving involving third law |
Books for pressure demonstration
-Spring balances -Trolleys -String -Charts showing action-reaction examples -Pictures of rockets and jets |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 75-80
|
|
| 3 | 5 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Applications of Newton's Laws - Lifts and Apparent Weight
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Analyze forces in accelerating lifts -Calculate apparent weight in different situations -Understand weightlessness concept -Apply Newton's laws to lift problems -Solve problems involving vertical motion |
Q/A on Newton's third law
-Analysis of forces in lift moving upward with acceleration -Analysis of forces in lift moving downward with acceleration -Calculation of apparent weight in different scenarios -Discussion on weightlessness in spacecraft -Problem-solving session on lift problems |
Spring balance
-Mass -Lift diagrams -Calculator -Free-body diagram charts -Worked examples -Problem worksheets |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 76-78
|
|
| 4 | 1 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Conservation of Linear Momentum
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State the law of conservation of momentum -Apply conservation of momentum to collisions -Distinguish between elastic and inelastic collisions -Solve collision problems -Understand momentum in explosions |
Review lift problems through Q/A
-Statement and explanation of conservation of momentum -Demonstration: colliding trolleys or balls -Analysis of elastic and inelastic collisions -Worked examples on collision problems -Discussion on explosions and momentum conservation |
Trolleys
-Plasticine -Marbles -Spring balance -Measuring tape -Stopwatch -Calculator -Collision demonstration apparatus |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 80-86
|
|
| 4 | 2 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Applications of Momentum Conservation - Rockets and Jets
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain rocket and jet propulsion -Apply momentum conservation to propulsion systems -Understand recoil velocity calculations -Analyze garden sprinkler operation -Solve recoil problems |
Q/A review on momentum conservation
-Explanation of rocket propulsion principle -Analysis of jet engine operation -Calculation of recoil velocities -Demonstration: balloon rocket or garden sprinkler -Problem-solving on recoil scenarios |
Balloons
-String -Straws -Garden sprinkler (if available) -Charts showing rocket/jet engines -Calculator -Worked examples |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 86-87
|
|
| 4 | 3 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Applications of Momentum Conservation - Rockets and Jets
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain rocket and jet propulsion -Apply momentum conservation to propulsion systems -Understand recoil velocity calculations -Analyze garden sprinkler operation -Solve recoil problems |
Q/A review on momentum conservation
-Explanation of rocket propulsion principle -Analysis of jet engine operation -Calculation of recoil velocities -Demonstration: balloon rocket or garden sprinkler -Problem-solving on recoil scenarios |
Balloons
-String -Straws -Garden sprinkler (if available) -Charts showing rocket/jet engines -Calculator -Worked examples |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 86-87
|
|
| 4 | 4 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Friction - Types and Laws
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define friction and explain its molecular basis -Distinguish between static and kinetic friction -State and apply laws of friction -Understand advantages and disadvantages of friction -Identify methods of reducing friction |
Review momentum applications through Q/A
-Demonstration: block on table with increasing force -Explanation of molecular basis of friction -Discussion on types of friction: static, kinetic, rolling -Investigation of factors affecting friction -Examples of friction in daily life and technology |
Wooden blocks
-Different surfaces -Spring balance -Weights -Lubricants -Sandpaper -Charts showing friction applications -Ball bearings |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 87-90
|
|
| 4 | 5 |
Newton's Laws of Motion
|
Viscosity and Terminal Velocity
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define viscosity and explain its effects -Understand motion of objects through fluids -Explain terminal velocity concept -Analyze forces on falling objects in fluids -Investigate factors affecting terminal velocity |
Q/A on friction concepts
-Demonstration: steel ball falling through different liquids -Explanation of viscous drag and terminal velocity -Analysis of forces: weight, upthrust, and viscous drag -Investigation of terminal velocity using glycerine -Discussion on applications: parachutes, rain drops |
Tall measuring cylinder
-Glycerine -Steel ball bearings -Water -Stopwatch -Rubber bands -Ruler -Different viscous liquids |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 90-93
|
|
| 5 | 1 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Sources of Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify different sources of energy -Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable energy sources -Classify energy sources into appropriate categories -Discuss advantages and disadvantages of different energy sources -Understand energy crisis and conservation needs |
Q/A on energy experiences in daily life
-Discussion on various energy sources students know -Classification activity: renewable vs non-renewable -Group work on energy source advantages/disadvantages -Presentation on local energy sources in Kenya -Discussion on energy conservation importance |
Charts showing energy sources
-Pictures of solar panels, wind mills -Samples: coal, wood, batteries -Energy source classification cards -Local energy examples -Conservation posters |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 93-95
|
|
| 5 | 2 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Sources of Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Identify different sources of energy -Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable energy sources -Classify energy sources into appropriate categories -Discuss advantages and disadvantages of different energy sources -Understand energy crisis and conservation needs |
Q/A on energy experiences in daily life
-Discussion on various energy sources students know -Classification activity: renewable vs non-renewable -Group work on energy source advantages/disadvantages -Presentation on local energy sources in Kenya -Discussion on energy conservation importance |
Charts showing energy sources
-Pictures of solar panels, wind mills -Samples: coal, wood, batteries -Energy source classification cards -Local energy examples -Conservation posters |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 93-95
|
|
| 5 | 3 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Forms of Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define different forms of energy -Identify chemical, mechanical, heat, electrical, and wave energy -Give examples of each form of energy -Understand energy exists in various forms -Relate forms of energy to daily experiences |
Review energy sources through Q/A
-Introduction to different forms of energy -Demonstration: chemical energy in battery, mechanical energy in moving objects -Discussion on heat energy from friction -Examples of electrical energy in appliances -Identification of wave energy: light, sound |
Battery and bulb
-Moving trolley -Rubbing blocks for friction -Electrical appliances -Tuning fork -Torch -Energy forms charts -Real objects showing energy forms |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 95-96
|
|
| 5 | 4 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Forms of Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define different forms of energy -Identify chemical, mechanical, heat, electrical, and wave energy -Give examples of each form of energy -Understand energy exists in various forms -Relate forms of energy to daily experiences |
Review energy sources through Q/A
-Introduction to different forms of energy -Demonstration: chemical energy in battery, mechanical energy in moving objects -Discussion on heat energy from friction -Examples of electrical energy in appliances -Identification of wave energy: light, sound |
Battery and bulb
-Moving trolley -Rubbing blocks for friction -Electrical appliances -Tuning fork -Torch -Energy forms charts -Real objects showing energy forms |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 95-96
|
|
| 5 | 5 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Energy Transformation and Conservation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Understand energy transformations between different forms -State the law of conservation of energy -Identify transducers and their functions -Apply conservation of energy to various situations -Draw energy transformation diagrams |
Q/A on forms of energy
-Demonstration: energy transformations in hydroelectric power -Examples of transducers: battery, dynamo, solar cell -Statement and explanation of energy conservation law -Drawing energy flow diagrams -Discussion on energy losses and efficiency |
Dynamo
-Battery -Solar cell (if available) -Charts showing energy transformations -Transducer examples -Energy flow diagrams -Hydroelectric model setup |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 96-97
|
|
| 6 |
Mid term exam |
|||||||
| 7 | 1 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Work and its Calculation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define work in scientific terms -State the condition for work to be done -Calculate work using W = F × d -Understand work as a scalar quantity -Solve problems involving work calculations |
Review energy transformations through Q/A
-Definition of work with emphasis on force and displacement -Demonstration: lifting objects, pushing trolleys -Worked examples on work calculations -Discussion on when no work is done -Problem-solving session on work calculations |
Spring balance
-Masses -Trolley -Measuring tape -Calculator -Force and displacement demonstrations -Worked examples charts -Problem worksheets |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 96-99
|
|
| 7 | 2 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Work with Variable Forces
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Calculate work done by variable forces -Interpret force-distance graphs -Find work done using area under graphs -Understand positive and negative work -Apply graphical methods to work calculations |
Q/A review on work calculations
-Introduction to variable forces -Plotting force-distance graphs -Demonstration: stretching spring with varying force -Calculation of areas under graphs -Worked examples with triangular and trapezoidal areas |
Graph paper
-Springs -Force meter -Ruler -Calculator -Force-distance graph examples -Different shaped area examples -Demonstration springs |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 99-100
|
|
| 7 | 3 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Work with Variable Forces
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Calculate work done by variable forces -Interpret force-distance graphs -Find work done using area under graphs -Understand positive and negative work -Apply graphical methods to work calculations |
Q/A review on work calculations
-Introduction to variable forces -Plotting force-distance graphs -Demonstration: stretching spring with varying force -Calculation of areas under graphs -Worked examples with triangular and trapezoidal areas |
Graph paper
-Springs -Force meter -Ruler -Calculator -Force-distance graph examples -Different shaped area examples -Demonstration springs |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 99-100
|
|
| 7 | 4 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Gravitational Potential Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define gravitational potential energy -Derive P.E. = mgh -Calculate potential energy at different heights -Understand reference levels for potential energy -Solve problems involving potential energy |
Review variable force work through Q/A
-Demonstration: lifting objects to different heights -Derivation of P.E. = mgh -Discussion on choice of reference level -Worked examples on potential energy calculations -Problem-solving session with gravitational P.E. |
Masses of different sizes
-Measuring tape -Spring balance -Calculator -Height measurement setup -Worked examples -Gravitational P.E. charts |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 100-102
|
|
| 7 | 5 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Kinetic Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define kinetic energy -Derive K.E. = ½mv² -Calculate kinetic energy of moving objects -Understand relationship between work and kinetic energy -Apply work-energy theorem |
Q/A on potential energy concepts
-Demonstration: moving trolleys at different speeds -Derivation of K.E. = ½mv² using work-energy theorem -Worked examples on kinetic energy calculations -Discussion on work-energy theorem -Problem-solving session on kinetic energy |
Trolleys
-Stopwatch -Measuring tape -Spring balance -Calculator -Kinetic energy demonstration setup -Speed measurement apparatus |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 102-105
|
|
| 8 | 1 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Apply conservation of energy to mechanical systems -Analyze energy changes in pendulums and projectiles -Solve problems using conservation of energy -Understand energy transformations in oscillating systems -Calculate energy at different positions |
Review kinetic energy through Q/A
-Demonstration: simple pendulum energy changes -Analysis of energy at different positions in pendulum swing -Discussion on energy conservation in projectile motion -Worked examples using conservation of energy -Problem-solving on energy conservation |
Simple pendulum setup
-Measuring tape -Stopwatch -Masses -Calculator -Pendulum energy charts -Conservation examples -String and bob |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 104-106
|
|
| 8 | 2 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Apply conservation of energy to mechanical systems -Analyze energy changes in pendulums and projectiles -Solve problems using conservation of energy -Understand energy transformations in oscillating systems -Calculate energy at different positions |
Review kinetic energy through Q/A
-Demonstration: simple pendulum energy changes -Analysis of energy at different positions in pendulum swing -Discussion on energy conservation in projectile motion -Worked examples using conservation of energy -Problem-solving on energy conservation |
Simple pendulum setup
-Measuring tape -Stopwatch -Masses -Calculator -Pendulum energy charts -Conservation examples -String and bob |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 104-106
|
|
| 8 | 3 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Power and its Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define power as rate of doing work -Calculate power using P = W/t and P = Fv -State SI unit of power (Watt) -Understand power ratings of appliances -Solve problems involving power calculations |
Q/A on energy conservation
-Definition of power with examples -Derivation of P = W/t and P = Fv -Discussion on power ratings of electrical appliances -Worked examples on power calculations -Investigation: measuring power of students climbing stairs |
Stopwatch
-Measuring tape -Spring balance -Calculator -Electrical appliances for power ratings -Stairs for practical work -Power calculation charts |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 106-108
|
|
| 8 | 4 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Power and its Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define power as rate of doing work -Calculate power using P = W/t and P = Fv -State SI unit of power (Watt) -Understand power ratings of appliances -Solve problems involving power calculations |
Q/A on energy conservation
-Definition of power with examples -Derivation of P = W/t and P = Fv -Discussion on power ratings of electrical appliances -Worked examples on power calculations -Investigation: measuring power of students climbing stairs |
Stopwatch
-Measuring tape -Spring balance -Calculator -Electrical appliances for power ratings -Stairs for practical work -Power calculation charts |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 106-108
|
|
| 8 | 5 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Simple Machines - Introduction and Terminology
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define machines and their purposes -Understand load, effort, and fulcrum -Define mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency -Calculate M.A., V.R., and efficiency -Understand relationship between these quantities |
Review power concepts through Q/A
-Introduction to machines and their uses -Demonstration: simple lever showing load, effort, fulcrum -Definition and calculation of M.A., V.R., and efficiency -Worked examples on machine calculations -Discussion on why efficiency is always less than 100% |
Simple lever setup
-Masses for loads -Spring balance -Ruler -Calculator -Machine terminology charts -Efficiency calculation examples |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 108-112
|
|
| 9 |
Midterm break |
|||||||
| 10 | 1 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Levers - Types and Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Classify levers into three types -Identify examples of each type of lever -Apply principle of moments to levers -Calculate forces in lever systems -Understand applications of different lever types |
Q/A on machine terminology
-Classification of levers: Class I, II, and III -Demonstration: examples of each lever type -Application of principle of moments -Worked examples on lever calculations -Identification of levers in daily life tools |
Various lever examples
-Rulers -Masses -Spring balance -Fulcrum supports -Lever classification charts -Daily life lever examples -Calculator |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 112-114
|
|
| 10 | 2 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Pulleys - Fixed and Movable
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Understand operation of fixed and movable pulleys -Calculate M.A. and V.R. for different pulley systems -Analyze block and tackle arrangements -Solve problems involving pulley systems -Understand advantages of pulley systems |
Review lever types through Q/A
-Demonstration: fixed pulley operation -Demonstration: single movable pulley -Analysis of block and tackle systems -Calculation of M.A. and V.R. for different arrangements -Problem-solving on pulley systems |
Pulley blocks
-String -Masses -Spring balance -Pulley arrangements -Block and tackle setup -Calculator -Pulley system diagrams |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 115-120
|
|
| 10 | 3 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Pulleys - Fixed and Movable
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Understand operation of fixed and movable pulleys -Calculate M.A. and V.R. for different pulley systems -Analyze block and tackle arrangements -Solve problems involving pulley systems -Understand advantages of pulley systems |
Review lever types through Q/A
-Demonstration: fixed pulley operation -Demonstration: single movable pulley -Analysis of block and tackle systems -Calculation of M.A. and V.R. for different arrangements -Problem-solving on pulley systems |
Pulley blocks
-String -Masses -Spring balance -Pulley arrangements -Block and tackle setup -Calculator -Pulley system diagrams |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 115-120
|
|
| 10 | 4 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Inclined Planes and Screws
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Understand inclined plane as a machine -Calculate M.A. and V.R. for inclined planes -Analyze screw as an inclined plane -Understand applications of inclined planes -Solve problems involving inclined planes |
Q/A on pulley systems
-Demonstration: moving load up inclined plane -Measurement of effort and load for inclined plane -Calculation of M.A. and V.R. for inclined plane -Discussion on screw as modified inclined plane -Examples of inclined planes in daily life |
Inclined plane setup
-Trolley or wooden block -Spring balance -Measuring tape -Protractor -Calculator -Screw examples -Various inclined plane models |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 114-115
|
|
| 10 | 5 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Gears and Hydraulic Systems
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Understand gear systems and their operation -Calculate V.R. for gear systems -Explain hydraulic lift principle -Apply Pascal's principle to hydraulic systems -Calculate M.A. and V.R. for hydraulic systems |
Review inclined planes through Q/A
-Demonstration: gear system operation -Calculation of gear ratios and V.R. -Explanation of hydraulic lift principle -Demonstration: Pascal's principle using syringes -Calculation of hydraulic system parameters |
Gear wheels
-Bicycle for gear demonstration -Syringes of different sizes -Water -Tubes -Calculator -Hydraulic system diagrams -Gear ratio charts |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 116-119
|
|
| 11 | 1 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Efficiency of Machines
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Understand factors affecting machine efficiency -Calculate efficiency using different methods -Investigate efficiency of various machines -Understand energy losses in machines -Discuss methods to improve efficiency |
Q/A on gears and hydraulic systems
-Investigation: efficiency of pulley system -Discussion on factors causing energy losses -Measurement of input and output work -Calculation of efficiency for different machines -Discussion on improving machine efficiency |
Various machines for testing
-Spring balances -Measuring tape -Stopwatch -Calculator -Efficiency measurement setup -Lubricants for demonstration |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 120-123
|
|
| 11 | 2 |
Work, Energy, Power and Machines
|
Efficiency of Machines
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Understand factors affecting machine efficiency -Calculate efficiency using different methods -Investigate efficiency of various machines -Understand energy losses in machines -Discuss methods to improve efficiency |
Q/A on gears and hydraulic systems
-Investigation: efficiency of pulley system -Discussion on factors causing energy losses -Measurement of input and output work -Calculation of efficiency for different machines -Discussion on improving machine efficiency |
Various machines for testing
-Spring balances -Measuring tape -Stopwatch -Calculator -Efficiency measurement setup -Lubricants for demonstration |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 120-123
|
|
| 11 | 3 |
Gas Laws
|
Introduction to gas behavior and Boyle's Law
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe relationship between pressure and volume of gases - State Boyle's Law - Demonstrate pressure-volume relationship using syringe - Plot P vs V and P vs 1/V graphs |
Q/A on gas properties from previous studies
- Demonstration using syringe to show pressure-volume relationship - Discussion on molecular explanation - Introduction to gas law investigations |
Syringes, J-shaped tubes, Oil, Bourdon gauge, Foot pump, Metre rule, Graph paper
|
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 235-237
|
|
| 11 | 4 |
Gas Laws
|
Boyle's Law experiments and calculations
Boyle's Law applications and kinetic theory explanation |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Perform experiment to verify Boyle's Law - Record pressure and volume data - Plot graphs of P vs V, P vs 1/V, and PV vs P - Calculate pressure-volume products and verify constant relationship |
Experiment using J-shaped tube with oil and pressure measurement
- Data collection and tabulation - Graph plotting and analysis - Verification of PV = constant relationship |
Thick-walled J-shaped tube, Oil, Pressure gauge, Measuring instruments, Data tables, Graph paper, Calculators
Problem worksheets, Kinetic theory diagrams, Calculator, Gas bubble scenarios, Atmospheric pressure data |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 235-238
|
|
| 11 | 5 |
Gas Laws
|
Charles's Law
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Charles's Law for constant pressure processes - Demonstrate volume-temperature relationship - Perform experiments to verify V ∝ T relationship - Plot V vs T and V vs θ graphs |
Experiment using gas column in tube with varying temperature
- Temperature and volume measurements - Graph plotting showing linear relationship - Discussion on absolute zero concept |
Gas tubes, Water baths, Thermometers, Measuring cylinders, Heating apparatus, Graph paper, Temperature control equipment
|
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 238-241
|
|
| 12 | 1 |
Gas Laws
|
Charles's Law applications and absolute temperature scale
Pressure Law (Gay-Lussac's Law) |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Apply Charles's Law in numerical problems - Convert between Celsius and Kelvin scales - Explain concept of absolute zero - Solve problems using V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ |
Problem solving with Charles's Law formula
- Temperature scale conversions - Mathematical analysis of absolute zero - Real-world applications in hot air balloons and gas heating |
Temperature conversion charts, Problem sets, Calculators, Hot air balloon examples, Gas heating scenarios
Constant volume gas apparatus, Pressure gauges, Temperature control, Water baths, Thermometers, Graph materials |
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 241-243
|
|
| 12 | 2 |
Gas Laws
|
Combined gas laws and ideal gas behavior
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Combine all three gas laws into general gas equation - Apply PV/T = constant for fixed mass of gas - Solve complex problems involving multiple variables - Explain ideal gas assumptions |
Mathematical combination of gas laws
- Problem solving with changing P, V, and T - Discussion on ideal gas concept - Analysis of real gas deviations from ideal behavior |
Combined law worksheets, Complex problem sets, Calculators, Ideal gas assumption charts
|
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 243-245
|
|
| 12 | 3 |
Gas Laws
|
Kinetic theory of gases
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State basic assumptions of kinetic theory - Explain gas laws using molecular motion - Relate temperature to average kinetic energy - Analyze molecular behavior in different conditions |
Discussion of kinetic theory postulates
- Molecular explanation of gas laws - Mathematical relationship between temperature and kinetic energy - Analysis of molecular motion at different temperatures |
Kinetic theory diagrams, Molecular motion animations, Temperature-energy relationship charts, Theoretical discussion materials
|
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 244-245
|
|
| 12 | 4 |
Gas Laws
|
Absolute zero and temperature scales
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Explain concept of absolute zero temperature - Extrapolate gas law graphs to find absolute zero - Convert between temperature scales - Analyze relationship between Celsius and Kelvin scales |
Graph extrapolation to determine absolute zero
- Mathematical analysis of temperature scale relationships - Problem solving with temperature conversions - Discussion on theoretical and practical aspects of absolute zero |
Graph paper, Extrapolation exercises, Temperature scale diagrams, Conversion worksheets, Scientific calculators
|
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 241-245
|
|
| 12 | 5 |
Gas Laws
|
Comprehensive applications and problem solving
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve complex multi-step gas law problems - Apply gas laws to real-world situations - Analyze atmospheric and weather-related phenomena - Review all gas law concepts and applications |
Comprehensive problem solving session
- Analysis of weather balloons, scuba diving, and atmospheric pressure effects - Review of all gas laws - Preparation for examinations with complex scenarios |
Past examination papers, Multi-step problem sets, Real-world scenario worksheets, Summary charts, Calculators
|
KLB Secondary Physics Form 3, Pages 235-245
|
|
| 13 |
End term exam |
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| 14 |
Closing |
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