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| WK | LSN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | T/L ACTIVITIES | T/L AIDS | REFERENCE | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Allotropy.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define allotropes and allotropy. Identify allotropes of carbon. Represent diamond and graphite diagrammatically. |
Teacher exposes new terms.
Review covalent bond. Discuss boding in diamond and graphite. |
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 131-133
|
|
| 2 | 2 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon. State uses of carbon allotropes. |
Discuss physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon.
Explain the Physical and chemical properties of diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon. Discuss uses of carbon allotropes. |
Charcoal, graphite.
|
K.L.B. BOOK II pp 134
|
|
| 2 | 3 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Burning carbon and oxygen.
Reduction properties of carbon. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe reaction of carbon with oxygen. |
Teacher demonstration- Prepare oxygen and pass dry oxygen into a tube containing carbon. Heat the carbon. Observe effects on limewater.
|
Carbon, limewater, tube, limewater stand& Bunsen burner.
CuO, pounded charcoal, Bunsen burner& bottle top |
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 134-135
|
|
| 2 | 4 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Reaction of carbon with acids.
Preparation of CO2.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe reaction of carbon with acids. Prepare CO2 in the lab. |
Teacher demonstration- reaction of carbon with hot conc HNO3.
Write balanced equations for the reaction. Review effects of heat on carbonates. Group experiments/teacher demonstration- preparation of CO2. |
Conc. HNO3, limewater.
|
K.L.B. BOOK II P.126
|
|
| 2 | 5 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Properties of CO2.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Describe properties of CO2 |
Simple experiments to determine properties of CO2.
Discuss the observations. |
Lime water,
Magnesium ribbon, Universal indicator, lit candle. |
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.138-139
|
|
| 3 | 1 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Chemical equations for reactions involving CO2.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Write balanced CO2. |
Give examples of reactions. Write corresponding balanced chemical equations.
|
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.139-140
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Uses of CO2.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State uses of CO2 |
Discuss briefly the uses of CO2.
|
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.140-1
|
|
| 3 | 3 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Carbon monoxide lab preparation.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe preparation of carbon monoxide in the lab |
Teacher demonstration: preparation of carbon monoxide in the lab.
Make observations. |
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 142-143
|
|
| 3 | 4 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Chemical properties of carbon monoxide.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To describe chemical properties of carbon monoxide. |
Description of properties of carbon monoxide.
Discussion and writing of chemical equations. |
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 144-145
|
|
| 3 | 5 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Carbonates and hydrogen carbonates.
Heating carbonates and hydrogen carbonates. |
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To write chemical equations for reactions of carbonates and hydrogen carbonates with acids. |
Discuss the observations above.
Write chemical equations for the reactions. |
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II
|
|
| 4 | 1 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Extraction of sodium carbonate from trona.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To draw schematic diagram for extraction of sodium carbonates. |
Discuss each step of the process.
Write relevant equations. |
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II PP. 153-157
|
|
| 4 | 2 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Solvay process of preparing sodium carbonate.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To draw schematic diagram for extraction of sodium carbonates. |
Discuss each step of the process.
Write relevant equations. |
text book, chart
|
K.L.B. BOOK II
|
|
| 4 | 3 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Solvay process of preparing sodium carbonate.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To draw schematic diagram for extraction of sodium carbonates. |
Discuss each step of the process.
Write relevant equations. |
text book, chart
|
K.L.B. BOOK II
|
|
| 4 | 4 |
CARBON AND SOME OF ITS COMPOUNDS.
|
Importance of carbon in nature.
& its
effects on the environment.
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
To discuss: - Importance of carbon in nature. & Effects of carbon on the environment. |
Discuss the carbon cycle and processes that increase/ reduce amount of CO2 in the air.
Uses of CO2 in soft drinks and fire extinguishers. |
text book
|
K.L.B. BOOK II PP.157-158
|
|
| 4 | 5 |
GAS LAWS
|
Boyle's Law - Introduction and Experimental Investigation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Boyle's law Explain Boyle's law using kinetic theory of matter Investigate the relationship between pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas Plot graphs to illustrate Boyle's law |
Teacher demonstration: Use bicycle pump to show volume-pressure relationship. Students observe force needed to compress gas. Q/A: Review kinetic theory. Class experiment: Investigate pressure-volume relationship using syringes. Record observations in table format. Discuss observations using kinetic theory.
|
Bicycle pump, Syringes, Gas jars, Chart showing volume-pressure relationship
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 1-3
|
|
| 5 | 1 |
GAS LAWS
|
Boyle's Law - Mathematical Expression and Graphical Representation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Express Boyle's law mathematically Apply the equation PV = constant Plot and interpret pressure vs volume graphs Plot pressure vs 1/volume graphs |
Q/A: Recall previous lesson observations. Teacher exposition: Derive P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ equation from experimental data. Students plot graphs of pressure vs volume and pressure vs 1/volume. Analyze graph shapes and interpret mathematical relationship.
|
Graph papers, Scientific calculators, Chart showing mathematical expressions
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 3-4
|
|
| 5 | 2 |
GAS LAWS
|
Boyle's Law - Mathematical Expression and Graphical Representation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Express Boyle's law mathematically Apply the equation PV = constant Plot and interpret pressure vs volume graphs Plot pressure vs 1/volume graphs |
Q/A: Recall previous lesson observations. Teacher exposition: Derive P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ equation from experimental data. Students plot graphs of pressure vs volume and pressure vs 1/volume. Analyze graph shapes and interpret mathematical relationship.
|
Graph papers, Scientific calculators, Chart showing mathematical expressions
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 3-4
|
|
| 5 | 3 |
GAS LAWS
|
Boyle's Law - Mathematical Expression and Graphical Representation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Express Boyle's law mathematically Apply the equation PV = constant Plot and interpret pressure vs volume graphs Plot pressure vs 1/volume graphs |
Q/A: Recall previous lesson observations. Teacher exposition: Derive P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ equation from experimental data. Students plot graphs of pressure vs volume and pressure vs 1/volume. Analyze graph shapes and interpret mathematical relationship.
|
Graph papers, Scientific calculators, Chart showing mathematical expressions
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 3-4
|
|
| 5 | 4 |
GAS LAWS
|
Boyle's Law - Numerical Problems and Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve numerical problems involving Boyle's law Convert between different pressure units Apply Boyle's law to real-life situations Calculate volumes and pressures using P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ |
Worked examples: Demonstrate step-by-step problem solving. Supervised practice: Students solve problems involving pressure and volume calculations. Convert units (mmHg, atm, Pa). Discuss applications in tire inflation, aerosol cans. Assignment: Additional practice problems.
|
Scientific calculators, Worked example charts, Unit conversion tables
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 4-5
|
|
| 5 | 5 |
GAS LAWS
|
Boyle's Law - Numerical Problems and Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve numerical problems involving Boyle's law Convert between different pressure units Apply Boyle's law to real-life situations Calculate volumes and pressures using P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ |
Worked examples: Demonstrate step-by-step problem solving. Supervised practice: Students solve problems involving pressure and volume calculations. Convert units (mmHg, atm, Pa). Discuss applications in tire inflation, aerosol cans. Assignment: Additional practice problems.
|
Scientific calculators, Worked example charts, Unit conversion tables
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 4-5
|
|
| 6 | 1 |
GAS LAWS
|
Charles's Law - Introduction and Temperature Scales
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Charles's law Convert temperatures between Celsius and Kelvin scales Define absolute zero temperature Explain the concept of absolute temperature |
Teacher demonstration: Flask with colored water column experiment. Q/A: Observe volume changes with temperature. Exposition: Introduce Kelvin scale and absolute zero concept. Practice: Temperature conversions between °C and K. Discuss absolute zero and ideal gas concept.
|
Round-bottomed flask, Narrow glass tube, Colored water, Rubber bung, Hot and cold water baths
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 6-8
|
|
| 6 | 2 |
GAS LAWS
|
Charles's Law - Introduction and Temperature Scales
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Charles's law Convert temperatures between Celsius and Kelvin scales Define absolute zero temperature Explain the concept of absolute temperature |
Teacher demonstration: Flask with colored water column experiment. Q/A: Observe volume changes with temperature. Exposition: Introduce Kelvin scale and absolute zero concept. Practice: Temperature conversions between °C and K. Discuss absolute zero and ideal gas concept.
|
Round-bottomed flask, Narrow glass tube, Colored water, Rubber bung, Hot and cold water baths
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 6-8
|
|
| 6 | 3 |
GAS LAWS
|
Charles's Law - Experimental Investigation and Mathematical Expression
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Investigate relationship between volume and temperature Express Charles's law mathematically Plot volume vs temperature graphs Extrapolate graphs to find absolute zero |
Class experiment: Volume-temperature relationship using flask and capillary tube. Record data at different temperatures. Plot graphs: volume vs temperature (°C) and volume vs absolute temperature (K). Extrapolate graph to find absolute zero. Derive V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ equation.
|
Glass apparatus, Thermometers, Graph papers, Water baths at different temperatures
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 8-10
|
|
| 6 | 4 |
GAS LAWS
|
Charles's Law - Numerical Problems and Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve numerical problems using Charles's law Apply V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ in calculations Predict gas behavior with temperature changes Relate Charles's law to everyday phenomena |
Worked examples: Step-by-step problem solving with temperature conversions. Supervised practice: Calculate volumes at different temperatures. Discuss applications: hot air balloons, tire pressure changes, weather balloons. Assignment: Practice problems with real-life contexts.
|
Scientific calculators, Temperature conversion charts, Application examples
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 10-12
|
|
| 6 | 5 |
GAS LAWS
|
Charles's Law - Numerical Problems and Applications
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve numerical problems using Charles's law Apply V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ in calculations Predict gas behavior with temperature changes Relate Charles's law to everyday phenomena |
Worked examples: Step-by-step problem solving with temperature conversions. Supervised practice: Calculate volumes at different temperatures. Discuss applications: hot air balloons, tire pressure changes, weather balloons. Assignment: Practice problems with real-life contexts.
|
Scientific calculators, Temperature conversion charts, Application examples
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 10-12
|
|
| 7 | 1 |
GAS LAWS
|
Combined Gas Law and Standard Conditions
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Derive the combined gas law equation Apply PV/T = constant in problem solving Define standard temperature and pressure (s.t.p) Define room temperature and pressure (r.t.p) |
Q/A: Combine Boyle's and Charles's laws. Teacher exposition: Derive P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂. Define s.t.p (273K, 760mmHg) and r.t.p (298K, 760mmHg). Worked examples: Problems involving changes in all three variables. Supervised practice: Complex gas law calculations.
|
Scientific calculators, Combined law derivation charts, Standard conditions reference table
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 12-14
|
|
| 7 | 2 |
GAS LAWS
|
Combined Gas Law and Standard Conditions
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Derive the combined gas law equation Apply PV/T = constant in problem solving Define standard temperature and pressure (s.t.p) Define room temperature and pressure (r.t.p) |
Q/A: Combine Boyle's and Charles's laws. Teacher exposition: Derive P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂. Define s.t.p (273K, 760mmHg) and r.t.p (298K, 760mmHg). Worked examples: Problems involving changes in all three variables. Supervised practice: Complex gas law calculations.
|
Scientific calculators, Combined law derivation charts, Standard conditions reference table
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 12-14
|
|
| 7 | 3 |
GAS LAWS
|
Introduction to Diffusion - Experimental Investigation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define diffusion process Investigate diffusion in liquids and gases Compare rates of diffusion in different media Explain diffusion using kinetic theory |
Class experiments: (a) KMnO₄ crystal in water - observe spreading over time. (b) Bromine vapor in gas jars - observe color distribution. (c) Ammonia gas in combustion tube with litmus paper. Record observations over time. Discuss particle movement and kinetic energy.
|
KMnO₄ crystals, Bromine liquid, Gas jars, Combustion tube, Litmus papers, Stopwatch
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 14-16
|
|
| 7 | 4 |
GAS LAWS
|
Introduction to Diffusion - Experimental Investigation
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Define diffusion process Investigate diffusion in liquids and gases Compare rates of diffusion in different media Explain diffusion using kinetic theory |
Class experiments: (a) KMnO₄ crystal in water - observe spreading over time. (b) Bromine vapor in gas jars - observe color distribution. (c) Ammonia gas in combustion tube with litmus paper. Record observations over time. Discuss particle movement and kinetic energy.
|
KMnO₄ crystals, Bromine liquid, Gas jars, Combustion tube, Litmus papers, Stopwatch
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 14-16
|
|
| 7 | 5 |
GAS LAWS
|
Rates of Diffusion - Comparative Study
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Compare diffusion rates of different gases Investigate factors affecting diffusion rates Measure relative distances covered by diffusing gases Calculate rates of diffusion using distance and time data |
Class experiment: Ammonia and HCl diffusion in glass tube. Insert cotton wool soaked in concentrated NH₃ and HCl at opposite ends. Time the formation of white NH₄Cl ring. Measure distances covered by each gas. Calculate rates: distance/time. Compare molecular masses of NH₃ and HCl.
|
Glass tube (25cm), Cotton wool, Concentrated NH₃ and HCl, Stopwatch, Ruler, Safety equipment
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 16-18
|
|
| 8 | 1 |
GAS LAWS
|
Graham's Law of Diffusion - Theory and Mathematical Expression
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Graham's law of diffusion Express Graham's law mathematically Relate diffusion rate to molecular mass and density Explain the inverse relationship between rate and √molecular mass |
Teacher exposition: Graham's law statement and mathematical derivation. Discussion: Rate ∝ 1/√density and Rate ∝ 1/√molecular mass. Derive comparative expressions for two gases. Explain relationship between density and molecular mass. Practice: Identify faster diffusing gas from molecular masses.
|
Graham's law charts, Molecular mass tables, Mathematical derivation displays
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 18-20
|
|
| 8 | 2 |
GAS LAWS
|
Graham's Law of Diffusion - Theory and Mathematical Expression
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Graham's law of diffusion Express Graham's law mathematically Relate diffusion rate to molecular mass and density Explain the inverse relationship between rate and √molecular mass |
Teacher exposition: Graham's law statement and mathematical derivation. Discussion: Rate ∝ 1/√density and Rate ∝ 1/√molecular mass. Derive comparative expressions for two gases. Explain relationship between density and molecular mass. Practice: Identify faster diffusing gas from molecular masses.
|
Graham's law charts, Molecular mass tables, Mathematical derivation displays
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 18-20
|
|
| 8 | 3 |
GAS LAWS
|
Graham's Law of Diffusion - Theory and Mathematical Expression
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
State Graham's law of diffusion Express Graham's law mathematically Relate diffusion rate to molecular mass and density Explain the inverse relationship between rate and √molecular mass |
Teacher exposition: Graham's law statement and mathematical derivation. Discussion: Rate ∝ 1/√density and Rate ∝ 1/√molecular mass. Derive comparative expressions for two gases. Explain relationship between density and molecular mass. Practice: Identify faster diffusing gas from molecular masses.
|
Graham's law charts, Molecular mass tables, Mathematical derivation displays
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 18-20
|
|
| 8 | 4 |
GAS LAWS
|
Graham's Law - Numerical Applications and Problem Solving
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve numerical problems using Graham's law Calculate relative rates of diffusion Determine molecular masses from diffusion data Compare diffusion times for equal volumes of gases |
Worked examples: Calculate relative diffusion rates using √(M₂/M₁). Problems involving time comparisons for equal volumes. Calculate unknown molecular masses from rate data. Supervised practice: Various Graham's law calculations. Real-life applications: gas separation, gas masks.
|
Scientific calculators, Worked example charts, Molecular mass reference tables
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 20-22
|
|
| 8 | 5 |
GAS LAWS
|
Graham's Law - Numerical Applications and Problem Solving
|
By the end of the
lesson, the learner
should be able to:
Solve numerical problems using Graham's law Calculate relative rates of diffusion Determine molecular masses from diffusion data Compare diffusion times for equal volumes of gases |
Worked examples: Calculate relative diffusion rates using √(M₂/M₁). Problems involving time comparisons for equal volumes. Calculate unknown molecular masses from rate data. Supervised practice: Various Graham's law calculations. Real-life applications: gas separation, gas masks.
|
Scientific calculators, Worked example charts, Molecular mass reference tables
|
KLB Secondary Chemistry Form 3, Pages 20-22
|
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