Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Factors influencing weather

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the factors influencing weather in Africa
-Identify factors that affect day-to-day weather conditions
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners use print or digital resources to research on the factors influencing weather in Africa
-Learners share their findings in class

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 94
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Factors influencing climate
Weather and Climate - Climatic regions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the factors influencing climate in Africa
-Distinguish between weather and climate factors
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners use print or digital resources to research on the factors influencing climate in Africa
-Learners share their findings in class

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 95
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 96

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Desert regions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the characteristics of desert regions in Africa
-Identify desert regions on a map
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners view a video clip/film or use print materials on the distribution and characteristics of desert regions
-Learners make short notes on the desert regions

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 97
-Digital resources
-Video clips

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Semi-desert regions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the characteristics of semi-desert regions in Africa
-Identify semi-desert regions on a map
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners view a video clip/film or use print materials on the distribution and characteristics of semi-desert regions
-Learners make short notes on the semi-desert regions

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 98
-Digital resources
-Video clips

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Tropical regions
Weather and Climate - Mediterranean regions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the characteristics of tropical regions in Africa
-Identify tropical regions on a map
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners view a video clip/film or use print materials on the distribution and characteristics of tropical regions
-Learners make short notes on the tropical regions

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 99
-Digital resources
-Video clips
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 100

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Mountain regions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Illustrate the characteristics of mountain regions in Africa
-Identify mountain regions on a map
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners view a video clip/film or use print materials on the distribution and characteristics of mountain regions
-Learners make short notes on the mountain regions

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 101
-Digital resources
-Video clips

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Stress management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explore positive ways of managing stress during disasters caused by climate change
-Discuss ways of managing stress during disasters
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners discuss ways of managing stress caused during disasters caused by climate change
-Learners share their experiences on managing stress

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 102
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Causes of climate change
Weather and Climate - Effects of climate change

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify causes of climate change
-Brainstorm on the causes of climate change
-Apply problem solving skills in addressing effects of climate change on the environment

- Learners brainstorm on the causes of climate change
-Learners share their findings in class

- How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 103
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 104

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply problem solving skills to address effects of climate change
-Perform a skit on problem solving skills to address effects of climate change
-Apply problem solving skills in addressing effects of climate change on the environment

- Learners become aware of their own responsibility in the society as they perform a skit on problem solving skills to address effects of climate change
-Learners discuss problem solving approaches

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 105
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Weather and Climate - Human activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the effects of weather and climate on human activities
-Engage with a resource person to discuss the effects of weather and climate
-Recognise the effects of weather and climate on human activities

- Learners find extra information as they engage with a resource person to discuss the effects of weather and climate on personal wellbeing and human activities
-Learners discuss the importance of addressing climate change

-How does climate change affect human activities -How can one manage stress during disasters?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 106
-Digital resources
-Resource person

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Vegetation in Africa - Factors influencing vegetation
Vegetation in Africa - Field excursion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explain factors influencing vegetation distribution in Africa
-Brainstorm on factors influencing vegetation in Africa
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners brainstorm in groups on factors influencing vegetation in Africa
-Learners do a presentation in class

Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 108
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 109
-Immediate environment

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Vegetation in Africa - Vegetation regions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify the vegetation regions in Africa
-Use digital or print resources to research on vegetation regions
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners use digital or print resources to find out the vegetation regions in Africa
-Learners share their findings in class

Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 110
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Vegetation in Africa - Characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Describe the characteristics of major vegetation regions of Africa
-Identify the characteristics of vegetation in Africa
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners use digital or print resources to identify the characteristics of vegetation in Africa
-Learners discuss the characteristics of major vegetation regions

Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 111
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Vegetation in Africa - Map drawing
Vegetation in Africa - Conservation methods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Locate the major vegetation regions of Africa
-Draw a map of Africa showing vegetation regions
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners draw the map of Africa and indicate the vegetation regions
-Learners display their maps in class

Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 112
-Digital resources
-Maps
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 113
-Manila papers

- Oral questions -Observation -Project work

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Vegetation in Africa - Caring for vegetation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Write essays on ways of caring for vegetation
-Discuss ways of caring for vegetation
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners write essays on ways of caring for vegetation in the school community
-Learners share their essays

Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 114
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Vegetation in Africa - Importance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Debate on the importance of vegetation in the community
-Make short notes on the importance of vegetation
-Appreciate vegetation conservation within the environment

- Learners speak clearly as they debate on the importance of vegetation in the community
-Learners make short notes on the importance of vegetation

Why should we care for vegetation in our environment?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 115
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Selected sites
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Map drawing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Locate selected historical sites and monuments in Africa
-Trace selected historical sites and monuments in Africa
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners use digital or print resources to trace selected historical sites and monuments in Africa (Fort Jesus, Kilwa, Great Zimbabwe, Giza pyramids, Meroe, Timbuktu, and Robben Island)
-Learners present their findings in class

Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 120
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 121

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Importance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Examine the importance of historical sites and monuments for the preservation of cultural heritage
-Brainstorm on the importance of historical sites and monuments
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners develop the skill of constructive dialogue as they brainstorm in groups on the importance of historical sites and monuments in Africa
-Learners share their findings in class

Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 122
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Conservation ways

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Explore ways of conserving historical sites and monuments in Africa
-Find out ways of conserving historical sites and monuments
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners work harmoniously in groups, and use digital or print resources to find out ways of conserving historical sites and monuments
-Learners present their findings in class

Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 123
-Digital resources
-Internet

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Creative thinking
Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Overcoming challenges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply creative thinking in preserving cultural heritage
-Discuss ways of applying creative thinking in preserving cultural heritage
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners discuss ways of applying creative thinking in preserving cultural heritage
-Learners share their ideas on creative approaches

Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 124
-Digital resources
-Internet
- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 125

- Oral questions -Observation -Written tests

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Photo album

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Create an album of historical sites and monuments
-Collect pictures and photographs of historical sites and monuments
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners display national pride as they collect pictures and photographs and create an album of historical sites and monuments
-Learners display their albums in class

Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 126
-Digital resources
-Pictures and photographs

- Oral questions -Observation -Project work

Natural and Historic Built Environments

Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Field visit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Visit a historical site or monument in the locality
-Write a report on the visit
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners visit a historical site or monument in the locality
-Learners write a report on the site visited

Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 127
-Digital resources
-Historical site or monument

- Oral questions -Observation -Project work

Natural and Historic Built Environments
Political Developments and Governance
Political Developments and Governance

Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa - Awareness creation
The Constitution of Kenya - Components of the Constitution
The Constitution of Kenya - Three arms of government

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Create awareness on conservation of historical sites and monuments
-Design posters for awareness creation
-Value conservation of historical sites and monuments in the locality

- Learners design posters to create awareness on the conservation of historical sites and monuments
-Learners display their posters in the school and community

Why should we conserve historical sites and monuments?

- MENTOR Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 127
-Digital resources
-Manila papers
-The Constitution of Kenya
-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 128-130
-Flip charts/manila papers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 131-132

- Oral questions -Observation -Project work

Political Developments and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Guiding principles of leadership
The Constitution of Kenya - Assertiveness in leadership
The Constitution of Kenya - Interrelationships of the arms of government

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Outline the guiding principles of leadership and integrity (knowledge)
-Examine how the principles apply in governance (skill)
-Value the importance of integrity in leadership (attitude)

-Engage in a "Leadership Values Hunt" where learners search through Chapter 6 of the Constitution to identify leadership principles
-Create artistic "Leadership Principle Cards" with illustrations and examples of each principle in action
-Conduct mock interviews where learners take turns being "journalists" interviewing "government officials" about how they uphold leadership principles

What are the key principles of good leadership?

-The Constitution of Kenya (Chapter 6)
-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 133
-Manila papers
-The Constitution of Kenya
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 133-134
-Role-play scenarios
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 132-133
-Flip charts

-Observation -Written tests -Group work assessment

Political Developments and Governance

The Constitution of Kenya - Constitutional responsibilities
Human Rights - Introduction to Human Rights

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify citizens' constitutional responsibilities (knowledge)
-Demonstrate ways of fulfilling constitutional responsibilities (skill)
-Exhibit good leadership as intended in chapter six of the Constitution (attitude)

-Create a "Citizenship Pledge" where learners craft personal statements of how they will fulfill their constitutional responsibilities
-Design and perform a "Constitutional Responsibilities Anthem" that captures key citizen duties
-Develop a "Constitution Week" campaign for the school with posters, slogans, and activities to promote constitutional awareness

What are our responsibilities as citizens according to the Constitution?

-The Constitution of Kenya
-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 134-135
-Manila papers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 135-136

-Observation -Written assignments -Project work

Political Developments and Governance

Human Rights - Protection of Human Rights
Human Rights - Effective Communication on Human Rights
Human Rights - Children's Rights

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify ways of protecting human rights (knowledge)
-Explore how human rights can be protected in the community (skill)
-Show concern for protection of human rights (attitude)

-Conduct "Human Rights Protection Interviews" with school leaders and community members about how they protect rights
-Design a "Human Rights Protection Toolkit" with practical strategies for ensuring rights are respected
-Create a "Rights Protectors Hall of Fame" featuring people or organizations that champion human rights

What can we do to ensure human rights are protected?

-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 137-138
-Manila papers
-Markers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 138-139
-Role-play scenarios
-Manila papers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 140-141
-Children's Act
-African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child

-Observation -Oral questions -Group presentation

Political Developments and Governance

Human Rights - Protection of Children's Rights
Human Rights - Societal Responsibility
Human Rights - Human Rights Violations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Identify ways children are protected against rights violations (knowledge)
-Demonstrate ways in which children are protected against violation of their rights (skill)
-Value the protection of children's rights (attitude)

-Create a "Child Protection Map" of the community identifying safe spaces, trusted adults, and resources for children
-Develop and perform interactive "Rights Protection Theater" scenarios showing how to respond to rights violations
-Design a "Child Rights Defenders Badge" program where learners earn recognition for taking specific actions to protect children's rights

How can we promote respect for Children's Rights in the community?

-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 141-142
-Children's Act
-Manila papers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 142-143
-Manila papers
-Markers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 143
-Newspaper articles
-Internet access

-Observation -Oral questions -Skit assessment

Political Developments and Governance

Human Rights - Human Rights Organizations
Citizenship - Global Citizen

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Name human rights organizations in Kenya (knowledge)
-Describe the role of human rights organizations (skill)
-Appreciate the work of human rights organizations (attitude)

-Host a "Human Rights Organizations Fair" where groups research and create booths representing different organizations
-Conduct a "Rights Organization Profile Project" where learners create multimedia presentations about specific organizations
-Design "Thank You Cards" to send to local human rights organizations expressing appreciation for their work

How do human rights organizations help in protecting human rights?

-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 144
-Internet access
-Manila papers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 144-145

-Observation -Written tests -Project work

Political Developments and Governance

Citizenship - Responsibilities of a Global Citizen
Citizenship - Harmonious Coexistence
Citizenship - Social Entrepreneurship

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-List responsibilities of a global citizen (knowledge)
-Explain the responsibilities of a global citizen (skill)
-Desire to fulfill responsibilities of a global citizen (attitude)

-Participate in a "Global Responsibility Challenge" where learners commit to specific actions for one week
-Create a "Responsibility Ripple" diagram showing how individual actions create wider positive impacts
-Develop a "Global Citizenship Pledge" with commitments to specific responsibilities

What are the responsibilities of a global citizen?

-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 145-146
-Manila papers
-Markers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 146-147
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 147-148
-Internet access
-Manila papers

-Observation -Oral questions -Project work

Political Developments and Governance

Citizenship - Nobel Prize Nominees
Citizenship - Response to Injustice
Citizenship - Goal Setting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Name Nobel Prize nominees who responded to injustice (knowledge)
-Explore ways in which Nobel Prize nominees responded to injustice situations in the society (skill)
-Desire to emulate Nobel Prize nominees (attitude)

-Host a "Nobel Heroes Gallery" where learners create interactive displays about different nominees
-Participate in a "Nobel Inspiration Journal" activity where learners reflect on how nominees' work connects to their own lives
-Create "Nobel Nominee Trading Cards" featuring key information and inspirational quotes

How can we address injustice in society?

-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 148-149
-Internet access
-Manila papers
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 149-150
-Pictures of Nobel Prize nominees
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 150-151
-Manila papers
-Magazines for vision boards

-Observation -Oral questions -Research assessment

Political Developments and Governance

Citizenship - Empathy
Citizenship - Regional Anthems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define empathy (knowledge)
-Show empathy to personalities who volunteer for addressing injustices in the society (skill)
-Value the importance of empathy (attitude)

-Participate in "Empathy Glasses" activities where learners attempt to see situations from others' perspectives
-Create "Empathy Maps" that explore the thoughts, feelings, needs, and motivations of people facing injustice
-Develop "Empathy in Action" plans with concrete ways to demonstrate empathy in school and community

How can we show empathy as global citizens?

-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 151-152
-Pictures of volunteers addressing injustices
-Role-play scenarios
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 152-153
-EAC and AU anthems
-Audio equipment

-Observation -Oral questions -Essay assessment

Political Developments and Governance

Citizenship - East African Community (EAC)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Name the member states of the East African Community (knowledge)
-Explain the benefits of regional integration (skill)
-Value regional cooperation (attitude)

-Create a 3D "EAC Integration Map" showing connections between member states
-Participate in an "EAC Cultural Exchange" where groups research and share aspects of culture from different member states
-Design "Unity in Diversity" collaborative art pieces incorporating elements from all EAC countries

How does regional integration benefit citizens?

-Digital resources
-Mentor Social Studies Learner's Book pg. 153-154
-Maps of Africa
-Manila papers

-Observation -Written tests -Project work