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SCHEME OF WORK
History
Form 4 2025
TERM III
School


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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
1 3
Cooperation in Africa
Pan-Africanism - Origins and Early Development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the origin of Pan-Africanism
Explain the role of the African diaspora
Identify early Pan-Africanist leaders
Describe the first Pan-African conferences
Study of Pan-Africanism origins
Research on diaspora contributions
Biographical study of early leaders
Analysis of early conferences
Origin charts
Leader biographies
Conference records
Diaspora maps
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 60-62
1 4
Cooperation in Africa
Development of Pan-Africanism - Key Figures
Pan-Africanism After 1945
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the development of Pan-Africanism
Explain contributions of Du Bois and Garvey
Describe the m of Booker T. Washington
Analyze George Padmore's influence
Detailed study of key Pan-Africanists
Analysis of their different approaches
Discussion on ideological differences
Timeline of Pan-Africanist activities
Leader comparison charts
Ideological analysis materials
Approach comparison diagrams
Activity timeline
Post-1945 timeline
Conference documentation
Continental shift maps
Independence records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 62-65
2 1
Cooperation in Africa
Achievements of Pan-Africanism
Organization of African Unity - Formation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the achievements of Pan-Africanism
Explain role in African independence
Describe consciousness awakening
Analyze limitations and challenges
Case study of Pan-Africanist achievements
Analysis of independence contributions
Discussion on consciousness development
Evaluation of movement limitations
Achievement records
Independence timeline
Consciousness development data
Limitation analysis charts
Formation documentation
Conference records
Charter excerpts
Group unification charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 67-68
2 2
Cooperation in Africa
Organization of African Unity - Structure and Objectives
OAU Performance - Achievements and Challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the structure of OAU
Describe the main organs
Identify objectives and principles
Analyze decision-making processes
Detailed study of OAU structure
Analysis of organizational organs
Discussion on objectives achievement
Examination of decision procedures
Structure diagrams
Organ function charts
Objectives analysis
Decision-making flowcharts
Achievement case studies
Liberation support records
Challenge analysis materials
Performance data
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 71-73
2 3
Cooperation in Africa
The African Union - Formation and Objectives
African Union - Structure and Organs
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the formation and structure of the AU
Explain the objectives of AU
Describe differences from OAU
Analyze the transition process
Study of AU formation
Analysis of AU objectives
Comparison with OAU
Discussion on transition challenges
Formation timeline
Objectives charts
Comparison materials
Transition documentation
Structure diagrams
Organ charts
Institution profiles
Effectiveness analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-80
2 4
Cooperation in Africa
East African Community - Formation and Objectives
EAC - Achievements and Collapse
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the formation of East African Community
Describe the 1967 treaty
Identify EAC objectives
Analyze the organizational structure
Study of EAC formation history
Analysis of founding treaty
Discussion on community objectives
Examination of organizational setup
Formation history charts
Treaty documents
Objectives analysis
Structure diagrams
Achievement records
Collapse factor analysis
Failure reason charts
Lesson documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 81-84
3 1
Cooperation in Africa
New EAC (2001) - Revival and Expansion
ECOWAS - Formation and Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the revival of EAC in 2001
Describe new membership expansion
Identify objectives and structure
Analyze achievements and challenges
Study of EAC revival process
Analysis of membership expansion
Discussion on new objectives
Evaluation of current performance
Revival timeline
Membership expansion charts
New objectives analysis
Performance data
Formation documentation
Treaty analysis
Cooperation benefits charts
Structure diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 87-90
3 2
Cooperation in Africa
ECOWAS - Performance and Challenges
COMESA - Formation and Structure (Part 1)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the performance and challenges of ECOWAS
Describe achievements in trade and security
Identify major challenges
Evaluate peacekeeping efforts
Case study of ECOWAS achievements
Analysis of trade promotion
Discussion on security challenges
Research on peacekeeping missions
Achievement case studies
Trade statistics
Security challenge data
Peacekeeping records
Structure charts
Authority function diagrams
Council role analysis
Court procedure materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 92-93
3 3
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Structure and Functions (Part 2)
COMESA - Performance and Achievements
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the structure of COMESA
Explain Intergovernmental Committee roles
Describe Technical Committees
Identify Secretariat and Consultative Committee functions
Continued study of COMESA structure
Analysis of technical operations
Discussion on secretariat functions
Examination of consultative processes
Technical committee charts
Secretariat role diagrams
Consultative process materials
Function analysis
Achievement documentation
Trade facilitation data
Project records
Integration progress charts
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 95-96
3 4
Cooperation in Africa
COMESA - Challenges and Future Prospects
Regional Integration - Comparative Analysis
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State the challenges facing COMESA
Explain membership and loyalty issues
Describe economic disparities
Analyze solutions and future prospects
Analysis of COMESA challenges
Discussion on membership conflicts
Study of economic disparities
Brainstorming on solutions
Challenge analysis materials
Membership conflict data
Economic disparity charts
Solution proposal templates
Comparison charts
Success factor analysis
Best practice examples
Future projection materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 97-98
4

Exam

5 1
Cooperation in Africa
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Continental Integration - AU and Regional Bodies
Political developments from 1963-1991 - Early Years
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain relationship between AU and regional organizations
Describe coordination mechanisms
Analyze integration challenges
Evaluate prospects for continental unity
Study of AU-regional body relationships
Analysis of coordination mechanisms
Discussion on integration obstacles
Future prospects evaluation
Relationship diagrams
Coordination charts
Integration challenge analysis
Unity prospect materials
Independence timeline
KANU formation charts
Political challenge analysis
Early government structure
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 76-98
5 2
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Political developments - Constitutional Changes and Regional System
Political assassinations between 1965-1990
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the Majimbo constitution
Explain the transition to Republican status
Analyze the Limuru Conference of 1966
Evaluate the end of regionalism
Study of Majimbo system
Analysis of constitutional changes
Discussion on Limuru Conference
Research on regionalism abolition
Majimbo constitution documents
Constitutional change charts
Conference records
Regionalism analysis
Assassination case studies
Political tension analysis
Stability impact charts
Historical documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 111-113
5 3
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Single Party Era and 1982 Coup Attempt
Return to Multiparty Democracy
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the status of multiparty politics after independence
Describe the 1982 coup attempt
Analyze the introduction of queue voting
Evaluate the 1988 general elections
Study of single party development
Analysis of 1982 coup attempt
Discussion on queue voting system
Research on 1988 election controversies
Single party timeline
Coup attempt documentation
Queue voting materials
Election analysis charts
Multiparty timeline
Section 2A documents
Democratization factors
Election results analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 115-117
5 4
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Recent Political Developments (1997-2017)
The role of Political parties in government and nation building
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe elections from 1997 to 2017
Explain the 2008 post-election violence
Analyze the handshake and BBI process
Evaluate constitutional reforms
Timeline of recent elections
Analysis of 2007-2008 crisis
Discussion on constitutional changes
Research on BBI initiatives
Recent election timeline
Crisis documentation
Constitutional reform charts
BBI process materials
Political party function charts
Government formation diagrams
Opposition role analysis
Challenge assessment materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 117-119
6 1
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Economic developments and challenges - Land policies
Economic developments and challenges - Land ownership and reforms
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the government land policies in post-independence years
Describe establishment of settlement schemes
Analyze land adjudication programs
Evaluate cooperative and land buying companies
Study of land policy development
Analysis of settlement schemes
Discussion on land adjudication
Research on cooperative societies
Land policy documents
Settlement scheme maps
Adjudication process charts
Cooperative records
Land ownership charts
Challenge analysis materials
NLC function diagrams
Reform impact studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 120-122
6 2
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Developments in industry - Industrial policies and institutions
Challenges in Industrial Development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the role of industry in national development
Describe establishment of Kenya Industrial Estates
Analyze credit facility provision
Evaluate industrialization strategies
Study of industrial development
Analysis of KIE establishment
Discussion on credit facilities
Research on industrialization progress
Industrial development charts
KIE documentation
Credit facility records
Strategy analysis materials
Challenge analysis charts
Infrastructure assessment
Market constraint studies
Development program materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 124-125
6 3
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Social developments and challenges - Education expansion
Challenges in provision of education
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the development in education since independence
Describe education commissions and reforms
Analyze the 8-4-4 system introduction
Evaluate free primary and secondary education
Study of education expansion
Analysis of education commissions
Discussion on curriculum changes
Research on free education impact
Education expansion timeline
Commission reports
Curriculum change charts
Free education statistics
Challenge assessment materials
Dropout statistics
Resource constraint data
Quality improvement studies
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 127-129
6 4
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Social development and challenges - Health services expansion
Challenges facing health care provision
Culture and sports development
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain measures undertaken by government to improve health care services
Describe establishment of health facilities
Analyze referral hospital system
Evaluate health sector achievements
Study of health service expansion
Analysis of facility establishment
Discussion on referral systems
Research on health achievements
Health expansion timeline
Facility establishment records
Referral system charts
Achievement documentation
Healthcare challenge charts
Resource constraint analysis
Disease burden statistics
Accessibility studies
Cultural development timeline
Institution establishment records
Sports achievement charts
Government support analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 130-131
7 1
Social, Economic and political Development and challenges in Kenya since independence
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Challenges in culture and sports
Democratic Republic of Congo - Political situation at independence and Congo Crisis
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the challenges Kenya faces in culture and sports
Describe funding limitations
Analyze infrastructure needs
Evaluate preservation of cultural heritage
Analysis of cultural challenges
Discussion on funding constraints
Study of infrastructure gaps
Research on heritage preservation
Challenge analysis materials
Funding constraint data
Infrastructure assessment
Heritage preservation studies
Independence timeline
Congo Crisis documentation
Army mutiny records
Katanga secession maps
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 134
7 2
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
DRC - Lumumba assassination and Coalition Government
The contributions of Mobutu to the history of the DRC
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe the assassination of Patrice Lumumba
Explain the formation of coalition government
Analyze political fragmentation
Evaluate UN intervention
Study of Lumumba's assassination
Analysis of coalition formation
Discussion on political divisions
Research on UN peacekeeping role
Assassination documentation
Coalition government charts
Political fragmentation maps
UN intervention records
Mobutu biography materials
Authoritarian rule charts
Policy analysis documents
Downfall timeline
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 137-138
7 3
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
The economic development in DRC between 1960-1994
Social development in DRC since independence
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the economic development in DRC between 1960-1994
Describe mining industry development
Analyze infrastructure projects
Evaluate economic decline under Mobutu
Study of DRC's economic policies
Analysis of mining sector
Discussion on infrastructure development
Research on economic decline factors
Economic development charts
Mining industry data
Infrastructure project records
Economic decline analysis
Social development timeline
Cultural revival documentation
Education expansion records
Social service analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 141-142
7 4
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Tanzania - Political developments from independence to 1985
The contributions of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere to Tanzania
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss the major political development in Tanzania between 1961-1985
Describe the union with Zanzibar
Explain the Arusha Declaration
Analyze one-party state development
Study of Tanzania's independence
Analysis of union formation
Discussion on Arusha Declaration
Research on TANU dominance
Independence timeline
Union formation charts
Arusha Declaration documents
One-party system analysis
Nyerere biography materials
Ujamaa philosophy charts
Leadership analysis documents
Legacy assessment records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 142-144
8 1
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Tanzania - Transition to multiparty democracy
The economic development in Tanzania since independence
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Tanzania's transition to multiparty democracy
Explain Nyerere's retirement
Analyze Mwinyi's reforms
Evaluate democratic consolidation
Study of democratic transition
Analysis of leadership change
Discussion on political reforms
Research on multiparty elections
Democratic transition timeline
Leadership change charts
Reform documentation
Election records
Economic policy timeline
Socialist experiment data
Liberalization charts
Adjustment program records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 146-148
8 2
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Social development in Tanzania since independence
Social, political and economic challenges in Africa since independence - Political challenges
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the social developments in Tanzania since independence
Describe education and health expansion
Analyze Ujamaa village program
Evaluate social service delivery
Study of social development programs
Analysis of education and health policies
Discussion on Ujamaa villages
Research on service delivery
Social development charts
Education/health expansion data
Ujamaa village records
Service delivery analysis
Independence promise charts
Political challenge analysis
Conflict documentation
Military coup records
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 149
8 3
Social, economic and political developments and challenges in Africa since independence
Devolved Government
Economic and social challenges in Africa since independence
Meaning of devolved government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain economic and social challenges in Africa since independence
Describe poverty and underdevelopment
Analyze health challenges including HIV/AIDS
Evaluate efforts to address these challenges
Analysis of economic challenges
Discussion on social problems
Study of health crises
Research on solution efforts
Economic challenge charts
Social problem analysis
Health crisis documentation
Solution effort records
Devolution definition charts
Kenya county maps
Constitutional excerpts
Decentralization diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 152-153
8 4
Devolved Government
Objectives and principles of devolved government
Structure and functions of county government - County Assembly
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the objectives of devolution of government
Describe the principles of devolved government
Analyze democratic participation
Evaluate separation of powers at county level
Study of devolution objectives
Analysis of guiding principles
Discussion on democratic principles
Research on power separation
Objectives analysis charts
Principles documentation
Democratic participation materials
Power separation diagrams
County structure diagrams
Assembly composition charts
MCA role documentation
Legislative process materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 154-155
9 1
Devolved Government
Process of Law Making in the County
County Executive Committee
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the process of law making in the county
Describe bill introduction procedures
Analyze committee functions
Evaluate the governor's role in legislation
Study of law-making process
Analysis of bill procedures
Discussion on committee work
Research on governor's powers
Law-making flowcharts
Bill procedure materials
Committee function charts
Governor powers documentation
Executive structure charts
Governor function diagrams
Executive role documentation
Service delivery analysis
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 156-160
9 2
Devolved Government
Relationship between national and county government
Challenges facing county government and possible solutions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the relationship between national and county government
Describe cooperation mechanisms
Analyze conflict resolution procedures
Evaluate intergovernmental relations
Study of government relationships
Analysis of cooperation frameworks
Discussion on conflict resolution
Research on coordination mechanisms
Relationship diagrams
Cooperation framework charts
Conflict resolution procedures
Coordination materials
Challenge analysis charts
Resource constraint data
Governance issue documentation
Solution strategy materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 158-159
9 3
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Principles of public finance and The National Budget
Sources of public revenue for National Government
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Discuss principles of public finance
Explain the meaning of national budget
Describe the budget making process
Analyze the importance of budgeting
Discussion on public finance principles
Study of budget definition and components
Analysis of budget making process
Research on budget importance
Public finance principle charts
Budget definition materials
Budget process diagrams
Importance analysis documents
Revenue source charts
Taxation system diagrams
Tax collection materials
Non-tax revenue documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 161-162
9 4
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
Sources of revenue for County Government and Expenditure types
Management of public finance - National and County levels
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain sources of revenue for county government
Describe county revenue generation
Identify types of public expenditure
Analyze capital and recurrent expenditure
Study of county revenue sources
Analysis of local revenue generation
Discussion on expenditure types
Research on spending priorities
County revenue charts
Revenue generation materials
Expenditure type diagrams
Spending priority analysis
Financial management charts
Control mechanism diagrams
Oversight institution materials
Accountability frameworks
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 162-164
10 1
Public Revenue and Expenditure in Kenya
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Financial oversight institutions and Revenue allocation
Electoral process in USA - Presidential elections
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Explain the functions of financial oversight institutions
Describe the role of Controller of Budget
Analyze Commission on Revenue Allocation
Evaluate Auditor-General functions
Study of oversight institutions
Analysis of Controller of Budget role
Discussion on revenue allocation
Research on audit functions
Oversight institution charts
Controller role diagrams
Revenue allocation materials
Audit function documentation
USA political timeline
Electoral process charts
Electoral College diagrams
Campaign procedure materials
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 165-166
10 2
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Electoral process in USA - Congressional elections and voter qualifications
Functions of USA government - Legislature and Executive
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe Congressional elections
Explain Senate and House elections
Identify voter qualifications
Analyze nomination and campaigning
Study of Congressional structure
Analysis of Senate/House elections
Discussion on voter requirements
Research on nomination processes
Congressional structure charts
Election procedure diagrams
Voter qualification materials
Nomination process documentation
Government structure diagrams
Congressional function charts
Presidential powers materials
Separation of powers framework
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 170-172
10 3
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
USA Federal system and advantages
Electoral process in Britain - General and by-elections
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
State advantages of federal system
Explain federal-state relationships
Describe benefits of federalism
Analyze disadvantages of federal system
Study of federal system structure
Analysis of federal-state relations
Discussion on federalism benefits
Research on system challenges
Federal system diagrams
Federal-state relationship charts
Federalism benefit materials
System challenge analysis
British electoral charts
Election procedure materials
By-election documentation
Voter registration diagrams
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 174
10 4
The Electoral Process & Functions of Government in other parts of the world
Functions of government of Britain - Monarchy and Legislature
Functions of Britain government - Executive and Judiciary
Electoral process in India - Parliamentary and Presidential elections
Functions of government of India - Federal system and institutions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Describe functioning of Britain government
Explain the role of Monarchy
Analyze House of Lords and Commons
Evaluate parliamentary sovereignty
Study of British government structure
Analysis of Monarchy functions
Discussion on parliamentary system
Research on legislative processes
Government structure charts
Monarchy function diagrams
Parliamentary system materials
Legislative process documentation
Executive function charts
PM/Cabinet role diagrams
Judicial system materials
Court hierarchy documentation
Indian electoral charts
Parliamentary election materials
Presidential process diagrams
Political party documentation
Government structure diagrams
Federal system charts
PM function materials
Judicial system documentation
KLB Secondary History and Government Form 4, Pages 177-179

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