Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Components of Integrated Science

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term Integrated Science
- Identify the three components of Integrated Science
- Show interest in learning about science components

- Brainstorm on the components of Integrated Science in groups
- Use charts to identify Physics, Chemistry and Biology
- Discuss the meaning of Integrated Science
- Draw and label a diagram showing the three components

How does integration help us understand science better?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 1
- Charts showing science components
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Physics as a component
Introduction to Integrated Science - Chemistry as a component

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Physics
- Give examples of Physics concepts
- Appreciate the role of Physics in daily life

- Discuss the definition of Physics
- Identify Physics concepts from given examples
- Use digital devices to search for Physics applications
- Share findings with classmates

What is the study of Physics all about?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 2
- Digital devices
- Reference books
- Laboratory chemicals
- Charts

- Oral questions - Group discussions - Practical activities

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Biology as a component
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in agriculture
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in health
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in transport
Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in food and textile

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define Biology
- Give examples of biological concepts
- Appreciate the study of living things

- Explain scientific innovations in transport
- Identify eco-friendly transport methods
- Appreciate technological advancement in transport

- Discuss the definition of Biology
- Identify living things in the school compound
- Classify organisms as plants and animals
- Share findings through group presentations
- Study pictures of different transport methods
- Discuss electric vehicles and their benefits
- Compare traditional and modern transport
- Create a timeline of transport evolution

Why is the study of living things important?
How has science improved transportation?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 2
- Living specimens
- Magnifying glass
- Master Integrated Science pg. 3
- Pictures of farming tools
- School garden
- Master Integrated Science pg. 4
- Pictures of medical equipment
- First aid kit
- Master Integrated Science pg. 5
- Pictures of vehicles
- Internet access
- Food packages
- Fabric samples

- Field observations - Group work assessment - Oral questions
- Timeline creation - Group discussions - Observations

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Importance in industry
Introduction to Integrated Science - Career opportunities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how science helps industries
- Identify industrial processes
- Value environmental conservation in industries

- Study pictures of industries and their products
- Discuss recycling and waste management
- Create models of simple machines
- Present findings on industrial applications

How do industries use science to make products?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 6
- Pictures of industries
- Recycled materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 7
- Career magazines
- Digital devices

- Model making - Presentations - Group work

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - STEM pathways

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain STEM pathway components
- Identify senior school science options
- Appreciate the importance of STEM education

- Study STEM pathway diagram
- Discuss Pure Sciences, Applied Sciences, and Technical Engineering
- Create a pathway flow chart
- Share findings with peers

How does Integrated Science prepare us for senior school?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 8
- STEM pathway charts
- Manila papers

- Flow chart creation - Peer discussions - Written assignments

Scientific Investigation

Introduction to Integrated Science - Project work and review
Laboratory Safety - Defining a laboratory
Laboratory Safety - Common hazards and symbols

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create a comprehensive career chart
- Present science importance findings
- Demonstrate understanding of Integrated Science

- Define the term laboratory
- Identify places where laboratories are found
- Appreciate the importance of laboratories

- Complete the career chart project
- Present projects to classmates
- Review all topics covered
- Conduct peer assessment
- Visit the school laboratory
- Discuss what a laboratory is used for
- Identify different types of laboratories
- Share experiences about laboratory visits

What have we learned about Integrated Science?
What is a laboratory and why is it important?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 9
- Project materials
- Assessment rubrics
- Master Integrated Science pg. 13
- School laboratory
- Pictures of laboratories
- Master Integrated Science pg. 14
- Chemical containers with labels
- Drawing materials

- Project assessment - Peer evaluation - Self-assessment
- Practical observations - Oral questions - Written definitions

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Flammable substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify flammable substances
- Explain safety measures for flammable materials
- Practice safe handling of such substances

- Identify the flammable symbol
- Discuss substances that catch fire easily
- Practice proper storage methods
- Demonstrate safe handling procedures

How should we handle substances that catch fire easily?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 15
- Flammable substance containers
- Safety equipment

- Practical demonstrations - Safety practice assessment - Oral questions

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Toxic substances

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify toxic substances
- Explain dangers of toxic materials
- Practice safety measures when near toxic substances

- Identify the toxic symbol
- Discuss harmful effects of toxic substances
- Practice using protective equipment
- Demonstrate proper disposal methods

Why are some laboratory substances dangerous to our health?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 15
- Protective equipment
- Toxic substance labels

- Practical demonstrations - Safety assessment - Written tests

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Corrosive substances
Laboratory Safety - Radioactive and carcinogenic substances
Laboratory Safety - Causes of laboratory accidents

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify corrosive substances
- Explain the effects of corrosive materials
- Practice safe handling of corrosive substances

- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Explain the dangers of radiation and cancer-causing substances
- Appreciate the need for extreme caution

- Identify the corrosive symbol
- Discuss damage caused by corrosive substances
- Practice emergency procedures
- Demonstrate proper storage
- Identify radioactive and carcinogenic symbols
- Discuss health effects of radiation
- Learn about protective measures
- Practice safety protocols

What happens when corrosive substances touch our skin?
Why do we need special protection from radioactive materials?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 16
- Corrosive warning labels
- Safety equipment
- Master Integrated Science pg. 16
- Radioactive warning labels
- Safety protocols chart
- Master Integrated Science pg. 17
- Case study materials
- Accident report forms

- Emergency procedure practice - Safety demonstrations - Oral assessments
- Safety protocol demonstration - Symbol recognition - Written assessments

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Burns and scalds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between burns and scalds
- Identify causes of burns and scalds
- Practice prevention measures

- Differentiate between dry heat burns and wet heat scalds
- Identify sources of burns and scalds in the laboratory
- Practice proper handling of hot equipment
- Demonstrate safety procedures

What is the difference between burns and scalds?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 18
- Hot water demonstration setup
- Safety equipment

- Practical demonstrations - Safety procedure assessment - Oral questions

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Cuts and injuries

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify causes of cuts in the laboratory
- Practice safe handling of glassware
- Demonstrate proper cleanup procedures

- Handle glassware safely
- Practice proper disposal of broken glass
- Demonstrate safe cutting techniques
- Learn emergency response for cuts

How can we prevent cuts when using glassware?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 18
- Glassware samples
- Safety gloves

- Safe handling demonstration - Emergency response practice - Practical assessment

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Ingestion of harmful substances
Laboratory Safety - First aid for burns and scalds
Laboratory Safety - First aid for cuts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how harmful substances can be ingested
- Practice hygiene measures in the laboratory
- Demonstrate emergency response procedures

- Demonstrate first aid for burns
- Demonstrate first aid for scalds
- Practice emergency response procedures

- Discuss how chemicals can accidentally enter the body
- Practice proper hand washing techniques
- Learn about eating restrictions in the laboratory
- Demonstrate emergency first aid
- Learn the steps for treating burns
- Practice cooling burn injuries
- Demonstrate proper wound covering
- Role-play emergency situations

Why should we never eat or drink in the laboratory?
What should we do immediately when someone gets burned?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 19
- Hand washing stations
- Emergency contact information
- Master Integrated Science pg. 20
- First aid kit
- Cold water supply
- Master Integrated Science pg. 21
- Bandages and gauze
- Antiseptic solution

- Hygiene practice assessment - Emergency procedure demonstration - Written tests
- First aid demonstration - Role-play assessment - Practical skills test

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - First aid for ingestion emergencies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate first aid for poisoning
- Practice emergency communication
- Show knowledge of when not to induce vomiting

- Learn appropriate responses to chemical ingestion
- Practice emergency calling procedures
- Understand poison control measures
- Role-play poisoning emergencies

What should we do if someone swallows a harmful chemical?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 21
- Emergency contact numbers
- Poison control information

- Emergency response demonstration - Communication skills assessment - Scenario-based evaluation

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Safety - Importance of safety measures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain why laboratory safety is important
- Value personal and others' safety
- Appreciate the role of safety in learning

- Discuss benefits of following safety rules
- Analyze consequences of ignoring safety
- Create safety promotion materials
- Present safety importance to younger students

Why is it important to follow safety rules in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 22
- Safety promotion materials
- Presentation equipment

- Safety presentation assessment - Material creation evaluation - Peer teaching assessment

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Basic skills in science
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Manipulative skills
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Observation skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define basic skills in science
- Identify different science process skills
- Appreciate the importance of scientific skills

- Define observation skills
- Practice using different senses for observation
- Record observations accurately

- Brainstorm on scientific skills
- Identify skills used in daily activities
- Practice observation and classification
- Discuss the importance of each skill
- Use all senses to observe objects
- Practice detailed observation techniques
- Record observations systematically
- Compare observations with classmates

Why are basic skills important in science?
What can we learn by observing carefully?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 25
- Observable objects
- Classification materials
- Master Integrated Science pg. 26
- Laboratory equipment
- Safety gloves
- Master Integrated Science pg. 26
- Various objects for observation
- Observation recording sheets

- Skills demonstration - Practical observations - Oral assessments
- Observation recording assessment - Accuracy evaluation - Systematic recording check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Measurement skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define measurement skills
- Use appropriate measuring instruments
- Record measurements accurately

- Practice using rulers and tape measures
- Measure various objects in the classroom
- Record measurements in proper units
- Compare measurement accuracy

How do we measure objects accurately?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Rulers and measuring tapes
- Objects to measure

- Measurement accuracy assessment - Unit usage evaluation - Recording skills check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Classification skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define classification skills
- Practice grouping objects by properties
- Create classification systems

- Sort objects by different characteristics
- Create classification charts
- Practice biological classification
- Develop personal classification systems

How do we organize things into groups?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Various objects for sorting
- Classification charts

- Classification accuracy assessment - Chart creation evaluation - System development check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Prediction and communication skills
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Heating apparatus identification
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Parts of a Bunsen burner

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define prediction and communication skills
- Make reasonable predictions
- Communicate findings effectively

- Identify parts of a Bunsen burner
- Explain the function of each part
- Draw a labeled diagram of a Bunsen burner

- Make predictions about simple experiments
- Test predictions through observation
- Communicate results to classmates
- Practice scientific reporting
- Examine a real Bunsen burner
- Identify and label each part
- Discuss the function of each component
- Draw accurate labeled diagrams

How do we share our scientific discoveries?
What are the different parts of a Bunsen burner?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 27
- Simple experiment materials
- Communication aids
- Master Integrated Science pg. 28
- Various heating apparatus
- Equipment identification charts
- Master Integrated Science pg. 30
- Bunsen burner
- Labeling materials

- Prediction accuracy assessment - Communication skills evaluation - Scientific reporting check
- Diagram labeling assessment - Function explanation evaluation - Drawing accuracy check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Using and caring for heating apparatus

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate proper use of heating apparatus
- Practice safety measures while heating
- Show proper care and maintenance procedures

- Practice lighting a Bunsen burner safely
- Demonstrate proper flame adjustment
- Practice cleaning and storage procedures
- Follow safety protocols throughout

How do we safely use and care for heating equipment?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 31
- Heating apparatus
- Safety equipment

- Safe usage demonstration - Care procedure assessment - Safety protocol evaluation

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Mass measuring instruments
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Temperature measuring instruments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify instruments for measuring mass
- Distinguish between electronic and beam balances
- Practice proper use of weighing instruments

- Identify different types of balances
- Practice using electronic balances
- Compare beam balance and electronic balance
- Measure masses of various objects

What instruments do we use to measure mass?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 34
- Electronic and beam balances
- Objects for weighing
- Master Integrated Science pg. 36
- Various thermometers
- Substances at different temperatures

- Balance usage assessment - Measurement accuracy evaluation - Comparison skills check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Length measuring instruments
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Volume and weight measuring

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify length measuring instruments
- Use rulers, calipers, and micrometers
- Practice accurate length measurements

- Identify volume measuring apparatus
- Use spring balances for weight measurement
- Practice accurate volume and weight measurements

- Use rulers and tape measures
- Practice with vernier calipers
- Learn micrometer screw gauge usage
- Measure various object dimensions
- Use measuring cylinders and pipettes
- Practice with spring balances
- Measure volumes of liquids
- Determine weights of objects

What tools help us measure length precisely?
How do we measure volume and weight in the laboratory?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 39
- Rulers, calipers, micrometers
- Objects for measurement
- Master Integrated Science pg. 45
- Volume measuring apparatus
- Spring balances

- Measurement precision assessment - Tool usage evaluation - Accuracy comparison check
- Volume measurement assessment - Weight determination evaluation - Apparatus usage check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Magnification tools and SI units

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify magnification instruments
- Use microscopes and hand lenses
- Understand SI units for measurements

- Practice using hand lenses
- Learn microscope parts and functions
- Use microscopes to observe specimens
- Review all SI units covered

How do we see tiny objects and express measurements?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 49
- Microscopes and hand lenses
- SI unit reference charts

- Microscope usage assessment - Magnification skills evaluation - SI unit application check

Scientific Investigation

Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Practical skills assessment
Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments - Review and consolidation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate competency in using all apparatus
- Show mastery of safety procedures
- Apply measurement skills accurately

- Complete practical skills stations
- Demonstrate all learned procedures
- Apply safety measures consistently
- Show measurement competency

How well can we use laboratory equipment safely and accurately?

- Master Integrated Science pg. 25-56
- All apparatus covered
- Assessment rubrics
- Review materials
- Assessment papers

- Comprehensive practical assessment - Skills demonstration evaluation - Safety competency check

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Components of Integrated Science as a field of study
Mixtures - Categorising mixtures as homogenous or heterogeneous
Mixtures - Solute, solvent and solution
Mixtures - Identifying solute, solvent and solution in mixtures
Mixtures - Separation by evaporation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a mixture
- Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
- Show interest in learning about mixtures

- Define solute, solvent and solution
- Identify the solute and solvent in given solutions
- Show interest in understanding solution formation

- Brainstorm on the meaning of mixtures
- Discuss examples of mixtures found at home and school
- Categorize mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous
- Use textbooks and digital devices to research on solute, solvent and solution
- Discuss findings with classmates
- Demonstrate solution formation using salt and water

How do we identify different types of mixtures in our environment?
How do solutes and solvents combine to form solutions?

Master Integrated Science pg. 72
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Exercise books
- Environment for observation
Master Integrated Science pg. 74
- Salt and water
- Beakers and stirring rods
- Common salt
- Water
- Beakers
- Stirring rods
Master Integrated Science pg. 76
- Salt, water
- Evaporating dish
- Bunsen burner
- Tripod stand

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments
- Oral questions - Practical work - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by crystallisation
Mixtures - Simple distillation setup

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the crystallisation process
- Separate mixtures using crystallisation method
- Show appreciation for the crystallisation method

- Prepare saturated salt solution
- Heat solution gently while stirring
- Allow cooling and observe crystal formation
- Filter and dry the crystals

What is the difference between evaporation and crystallisation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 78
- Salt, distilled water
- Evaporating dish
- Filter paper and funnel
Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Distillation apparatus
- Safety equipment

- Practical work - Observation - Written tests

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by simple distillation
Mixtures - Fractional distillation setup

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate simple distillation process
- Explain how simple distillation works
- Show interest in distillation methods

- Separate salt and water using simple distillation
- Observe temperature changes during heating
- Collect distillate and examine residue
- Record observations

How does simple distillation separate components of different boiling points?

Master Integrated Science pg. 80
- Salt solution
- Complete distillation setup
- Thermometer
Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Fractional distillation apparatus
- Digital devices for research

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Observation schedule

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by fractional distillation
Mixtures - Separation by sublimation
Mixtures - Separation by solvent extraction

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate fractional distillation process
- Explain separation of miscible liquids
- Show appreciation for advanced separation techniques

- Define sublimation and deposition
- Demonstrate separation using sublimation
- Appreciate sublimation as a separation method

- Separate water and ethanol mixture using fractional distillation
- Monitor temperature changes
- Collect fractions at different temperatures
- Discuss applications
- Separate iodine from impurities using sublimation
- Observe purple vapour formation
- Collect pure iodine crystals on cool surfaces
- Discuss other substances that sublime

How are miscible liquids with close boiling points separated?
How does sublimation help in purifying substances?

Master Integrated Science pg. 82
- Water and ethanol mixture
- Complete fractional distillation setup
Master Integrated Science pg. 84
- Impure iodine
- Evaporating dish
- Filter funnel
- Cotton wool
Master Integrated Science pg. 86
- Groundnuts or seeds
- Propanone
- Mortar and pestle
- Filter paper

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Written tests
- Practical work - Observation - Oral questions

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Separation by chromatography

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define paper chromatography
- Demonstrate chromatography technique
- Appreciate chromatography as an analytical tool

- Prepare filter paper strip
- Apply ink spot and dip in propanone
- Observe separation of ink components
- Measure distances travelled by components

How does chromatography separate components of colored mixtures?

Master Integrated Science pg. 88
- Black ink
- Filter paper
- Propanone
- Measuring cylinder

- Practical work - Observation - Written assignments

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Extended chromatography activity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply chromatography technique to different materials
- Explain solubility differences in separation
- Show interest in analytical chemistry

- Use different ink samples for chromatography
- Apply radial chromatography technique
- Compare results from different inks
- Discuss solubility and movement patterns

Why do different components move different distances in chromatography?

Master Integrated Science pg. 90
- Various pen inks
- Filter papers
- Propanone
- Droppers

- Practical work - Assessment rubrics - Checklist

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Mixtures - Applications of separation methods in daily life
Mixtures - Matching separation methods with applications
Mixtures - Review of separation methods
Mixtures - Assessment and application synthesis

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify applications of separation methods in industries
- Explain real-life uses of separation techniques
- Appreciate the importance of separation methods in society

- Summarize all separation methods learned
- Compare advantages and disadvantages of different methods
- Demonstrate understanding of separation principles

- Study images showing industrial applications
- Discuss separation methods used in salt production
- Research applications using digital devices
- Present findings to classmates
- Review all separation methods covered
- Create summary charts of separation techniques
- Discuss when to use each method
- Practice problem-solving with mixture separation

How are separation methods applied in industries and daily life?
How do we choose the best separation method for a given situation?

Master Integrated Science pg. 92
- Digital devices
- Industrial application images
- Reference materials
Master Integrated Science pg. 94
- Activity tables
- Course book
Master Integrated Science pg. 72-94
- Summary charts
- Previous practical results
- Problem scenarios
- Assessment materials

- Research presentation - Oral questions - Written tests
- Written tests - Observation - Assessment rubrics