Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Introduction to History and Citizenship - Branches of History

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define history and citizenship
- Identify branches of history (political, social, economic)
- Connect the study of history to understanding current events like elections and governance

- Brainstorm on the meaning of history and citizenship
- Study pictures depicting branches of history
- Discuss how different branches of history influence contemporary society

How do different branches of history influence our daily lives?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 1
- Charts showing branches of history
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Observation - Group presentations

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Introduction to History and Citizenship - Branches of Citizenship
Introduction to History and Citizenship - Primary and Secondary Sources
Introduction to History and Citizenship - Evolution of historical systems
Introduction to History and Citizenship - Constitutional and political developments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify branches of citizenship (political, social, economic, legal, environmental)
- Explain the role of each branch in society
- Relate citizenship branches to community activities like environmental conservation and anti-corruption efforts

- Study pictures showing branches of citizenship
- Discuss environmental citizenship and civic responsibility
- Analyse case studies on citizenship in action

Why is it important for citizens to participate in environmental activities?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 2
- Pictures showing citizenship activities
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 3
- Sample primary and secondary sources
- Constitution of Kenya (2010)
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 6
- Pictures showing evolution of systems
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 7
- Constitution of Kenya (2010)
- Historical documents

- Peer assessment - Written assignments - Class discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Introduction to History and Citizenship - Importance for posterity
Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Classification of linguistic groups
Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Causes of migration
Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Effects of migration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of studying history and citizenship
- Identify career opportunities in history and citizenship
- Demonstrate responsible citizenship through community service activities

- Discuss importance of studying history for career development
- Use charts/posters to explain importance of history and citizenship
- Visit National Museums of Kenya digital archives

How can studying history help you become a better citizen?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 8
- Digital archives
- Career guidance materials
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 11
- Atlas
- Charts showing linguistic groups
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 13
- Pictures showing migration causes
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 14
- Interview guides

- Poster presentations - Reflective journals - Oral questions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Bantu migration routes and settlement
Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Nilotic migration routes and settlement
Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Cushitic migration routes and settlement
Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Social cohesion and interactions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Trace origin and migration routes of Bantu speakers
- Identify settlement areas of Western and Eastern Bantus
- Use maps to locate Bantu communities in present-day Kenya

- Use atlas to locate Bantu migration routes
- Study map showing Bantu movement from Congo Basin
- Draw maps showing Bantu settlement areas

Where did the Bantu speakers originate from and how did they reach Kenya?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 17
- Atlas
- Maps of East Africa
- Maps showing Nilotic settlement
- Comparative maps
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 19
- Pictures showing cultural interactions
- Digital resources

- Map work - Oral questions - Group presentations

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic Groups in Kenya - Cultural diversity and national heritage
Establishment of Colonial Rule - Political, economic and social reasons
Establishment of Colonial Rule - Treaty signing
Establishment of Colonial Rule - Military force, divide and rule, collaboration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recognise diversity of communities in Kenya
- Compose songs or poems on diversity
- Embrace cultural diversity as a foundation for national unity

- Research and present on different Kenyan communities (language, food, clothing, ceremonies)
- Compose songs/poems on diversity
- Discuss how differences contribute to national identity

What makes each community unique and how do shared values promote peace?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 20
- Cultural artefacts
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 22
- Pictures showing colonial interests
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 23
- Sample treaty documents
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 24
- Historical pictures

- Song/poem composition - Research presentations - Reflective writing

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Establishment of Colonial Rule - Key events in colonisation
Establishment of Colonial Rule - Impact of colonial policies
Establishment of Colonial Rule - Colonial legacy in modern governance
Establishment of Colonial Rule - Independence and unity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss the process of establishment of colonial rule
- Create timeline of key events (Berlin Conference, IBEACo, Protectorate declaration)
- Draw lessons from colonial history for contemporary governance

- Watch documentary on establishment of colonial rule
- Create timeline (Berlin Conference 1884/85, IBEACo 1888, Protectorate 1895)
- Research colonial rule in specific regions

What were the key stages in the establishment of British colonial rule in Kenya?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 25
- Documentary
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 26
- Charts
- Historical documents
- Constitution of Kenya (2010)
- Posters
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 27
- Slogans and messages
- Campaign materials

- Timeline creation - Documentary review - Summary writing

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Establishment of Colonial Rule - Learning from the past
Public Participation - Levels as per Constitution of Kenya (2010)
Public Participation - Simulating public forums

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw lessons from colonial history
- Apply historical lessons to promote responsible citizenship
- Participate in activities that promote national unity

- Engage in awareness campaign on unity
- Write report on contribution to national unity
- Evaluate effectiveness of class charter after implementation

What lessons can we learn from colonial history to build a better Kenya?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 28
- Campaign reports
- Evaluation forms
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 30
- Constitution of Kenya (2010)
- Cards showing levels
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 31
- Role-play guides
- Scenario cards

- Report writing - Campaign evaluation - Reflective journals

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Public Participation - Accountability, transparency and inclusivity
Public Participation - Challenges and solutions
Public Participation - Best practices
Public Participation - Civic engagement activities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Assess role of public participation in fostering constitutional principles
- Explain how participation promotes accountability, transparency and inclusivity
- Apply principles of transparency in school activities

- Read case study on school funding decision
- Analyse how constitutional principles were applied
- Study posters on roles of public participation

How does public participation promote accountability and transparency?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 32
- Case studies
- Posters
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 34
- Mind maps
- Case studies
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 36
- Strategy cards
- Resource person
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 37
- Policy brief templates
- Survey tools

- Case study analysis - Group discussions - Poster design

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Public Participation - Community engagement
Public Participation - Personal commitment
Political Developments - Self-governance and Republic (1963-1964)
Political Developments - Party politics (1964-1982)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Collect and analyse survey data on public participation
- Present findings on areas for improvement
- Advocate for meaningful civic engagement in the community

- Collect survey responses
- Analyse data on public participation views
- Present findings highlighting areas for improvement
- Discuss how to address feedback

How can we ensure decisions made through public participation are implemented?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 38
- Survey responses
- Data analysis tools
- Pledge displays
- Implementation plans
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 40
- Historical pictures
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 42
- Historical documents

- Data analysis - Presentation skills - Action planning

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political Developments - Return to multiparty democracy (1991-1992)
Political Developments - Promulgation and reforms
Political Developments - Devolved government
Political Developments - Challenges since independence

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain repeal of Section 2A of the Constitution
- Analyse effects of return to multiparty democracy
- Value the freedom to form and join political parties

- Read paragraph on Section 2A and its repeal
- Research advantages and disadvantages of one-party vs multiparty systems
- Create timeline from 1991 to 1992 elections

How did the repeal of Section 2A affect political pluralism in Kenya?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 43
- Constitutional documents
- Timeline materials
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 44
- Constitution of Kenya (2010)
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 45
- Governance structure charts
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 47
- Historical pictures
- Resource person

- Timeline creation - Research reports - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political Developments - 2007-2008 crisis
Political Developments - Peace and stability
Elections in Kenya - Constitutional and legal framework
Elections in Kenya - IEBC mandate

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse 2007-2008 post-election violence
- Evaluate lessons from conflict resolution efforts
- Promote peaceful coexistence in school and community

- Read case study on 2007-2008 post-election violence
- Discuss causes and effects of the violence
- Analyse how conflict was resolved through mediation

What lessons can be learnt from the 2007-2008 post-election violence?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 48
- Case studies
- Documentary clips
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 50
- Poster materials
- Campaign resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 52
- Constitution of Kenya (2010)
- Electoral pictures
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 53
- Mind maps on IEBC functions
- Digital resources

- Case study analysis - Reflection writing - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Elections in Kenya - Steps in conducting elections
Elections in Kenya - Electoral integrity
Elections in Kenya - Democratic participation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Elaborate the electoral processes in Kenya
- Explain each stage from voter registration to results announcement
- Conduct mock elections in school following proper procedures

- Study card showing electoral processes
- Research on electoral process stages
- Role-play electoral process in school

Why is each stage of the electoral process important for democracy?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 54
- Electoral process cards
- Role-play materials
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 55
- Resource person
- Table templates
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book pg. 56
- Message design materials
- Social media platforms

- Role-play assessment - Process sequencing - Oral questions

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Human Developments in Africa - Factors that led to transition from migratory to sedentary lifestyle by early humans
Human Developments in Africa - Advancements that took place during the Neolithic revolution
Human Developments in Africa - Contributions of the Neolithic revolution to modern society
Human Developments in Africa - Characteristics of pastoralism in Maasai community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of migratory and sedentary lifestyles
- Identify factors that led to the transition from migratory to sedentary lifestyle
- Connect the shift to settled life with modern farming communities in Kenya

- Study pictures showing early human activities leading to settled way of life
- Use digital/print materials to research factors that led to transition from migratory to sedentary lifestyle
- Discuss how each activity contributed to early humans settling in one place

How did daily life change due to shifting from a nomadic lifestyle to a sedentary life?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 64
- Digital resources
- Charts showing early human settlements
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 65
- Internet access
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 66
- Documentaries
- Charts/posters
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 67
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Human Developments in Africa - Characteristics of pastoralism in Fulani community
Human Developments in Africa - Solutions to challenges facing pastoralism in Africa
African Civilisations up to 19th Century - Factors for growth and development of early civilisations in Africa
African Civilisations up to 19th Century - Development of Aksum Empire

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify characteristics of pastoralism among the Fulani community
- Compare similarities and differences between Maasai and Fulani pastoralism
- Relate nomadic livestock movement to seasonal grazing patterns observed in pastoral areas of Kenya

- Use print and digital resources to explore characteristics of pastoralism among the Fulani
- Identify similarities and differences in pastoralism between Maasai and Fulani communities
- Compile a report on findings and present in class

How can you promote harmonious living among pastoral communities?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 68
- Digital resources
- Charts/posters
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 71
- Atlas
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 72
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Written reports - Peer assessment

Themes in African History and Citizenship

African Civilisations up to 19th Century - Development of Wanga Kingdom and Kingdom of Rwanda
African Civilisations up to 19th Century - Significance of ancient African civilisations and their contributions to modern society

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the development of Wanga Kingdom and Kingdom of Rwanda
- Compare governance structures of Wanga and Rwanda kingdoms
- Link traditional council of elders system to modern county assembly structures in Kenya

- Research on development of Wanga Kingdom and Kingdom of Rwanda
- Discuss roles of leaders like Nabongo and Mwami
- Create timelines for each civilisation showing key events

How did strong leadership contribute to stability of early kingdoms?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 72
- Digital resources
- Charts/posters
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 74
- Charts/posters
- Digital resources

- Group presentations - Oral questions - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

African Civilisations up to 19th Century - Best practices from early civilisations applied in modern society
African Civilisations up to 19th Century - Reflecting on contributions of early civilisations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Deduce how best practices from early civilisations are applied in modern society
- Analyse case study of Kingdom of Rwanda's governance system
- Connect traditional justice systems like Gacaca courts to Alternative Dispute Resolution mechanisms in Kenya

- Read case study about Kingdom of Rwanda and its governance
- Conduct investigations using case studies/print sources on how best practices are applied
- Discuss how traditional leadership influenced modern political systems

How has traditional leadership influenced modern governance?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 75
- Case studies
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 76
- Journals
- Charts/posters

- Case study analysis - Oral questions - Reflective writing

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Colonisation of Africa - Significance of the Berlin Conference on scramble for and partition of Africa
Colonisation of Africa - Outcomes and effects of the Berlin Conference

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss the significance of Berlin Conference in relation to scramble for and partition of Africa
- Analyse the picture showing European powers at Berlin Conference
- Relate arbitrary boundary drawing to current border disputes between African countries

- Study picture showing European powers at Berlin Conference dividing Africa
- Research on significance of Berlin Conference and present summary
- Discuss why no African leaders were present at the conference

How did the Berlin Conference influence the partition of Africa?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 77
- Digital resources
- Maps of Africa
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 78
- Mind maps
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Colonisation of Africa - Reasons that influenced colonisation of Africa
Colonisation of Africa - How explorers and missionaries contributed to colonisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discern reasons that influenced colonisation of Africa
- Classify reasons as socio-economic, political or strategic
- Link colonial exploitation of resources to current debates on foreign mining companies in Kenya

- Study pictures representing reasons for colonisation (Suez Canal, natural resources)
- Classify reasons as economic, social, political or strategic
- Design poster on reasons that influenced colonisation

Why were European powers interested in Africa's natural resources?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 79
- Charts/posters
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 80
- Pictures/charts
- Reference books

- Poster presentations - Oral questions - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Colonisation of Africa - How European powers and trading companies contributed to colonisation
Colonisation of Africa - Role of African leaders in colonisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate how European powers determined colonisation of Africa
- Explain the role of trading companies in colonisation
- Relate colonial trading companies to modern multinational corporations operating in Africa

- Engage resource person to identify key players in colonisation
- Complete table showing how different players determined colonisation
- Discuss role of Otto von Bismarck in fast-tracking partition

What role did trading companies play in colonisation?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 81
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 82
- Charts/posters

- Table completion - Oral questions - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Colonisation of Africa - Why ending colonisation in Africa was necessary
Colonisation of Africa - Promoting national pride after colonisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Justify why ending colonisation in Africa was necessary
- Compare journeys to independence in Kenya and Ghana
- Relate independence struggles to ongoing efforts to protect national interests and sovereignty

- Research using digital devices on global and African developments that influenced end of colonisation
- Compare journeys to independence of two African countries
- Discuss events or movements that had greatest impact on decolonisation

Why was ending colonisation necessary for Africa?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 83
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Charts/posters
- Creative writing materials

- Comparative analysis - Oral questions - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Modern Nationalism in Africa - Factors that influenced modern nationalism in Africa
Modern Nationalism in Africa - Role of education and Pan-Africanism in nationalism

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define African nationalism
- Explore factors that influenced modern nationalism in Africa
- Connect colonial oppression and resistance to current civic activism and advocacy movements

- Use digital/printed media to establish factors that contributed to modern nationalism
- Study mind map highlighting factors that influenced nationalism
- Discuss how World War II changed attitudes of African soldiers toward colonial rule

How did World War II contribute to rise of nationalism?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 84
- Mind maps
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 85
- Pictures/montages

- Oral questions - Mind map analysis - Written tests

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Modern Nationalism in Africa - Lessons from Thomas Sankara and Desmond Tutu
Modern Nationalism in Africa - Lessons from Julius Nyerere and Anwar Sadat

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Draw lessons from Thomas Sankara's contributions to nationalism
- Analyse Desmond Tutu's role in anti-apartheid movement
- Apply Sankara's principles of self-reliance to community development projects in your area

- Study pictures of Thomas Sankara and Desmond Tutu
- Use digital or print resources to investigate leaders' contributions
- Discuss lessons learnt from each leader's contributions

What can we learn from Sankara's focus on self-reliance?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 86
- Pictures/charts
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 87
- Flashcards

- Oral questions - Research presentations - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Modern Nationalism in Africa - Best practices adopted by African nations to strengthen nationalism
Modern Nationalism in Africa - Best practices on modern nationalism within school and community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Exemplify best practices adopted by African nations to strengthen nationalism
- Discuss role of education, sports and cultural celebrations in nationalism
- Participate in school activities that promote national unity like national anthem singing and flag raising

- Engage resource person to discuss best practices to strengthen nationalism
- Study pictures showing practices like celebrating national holidays and promoting education
- Design posters on best practices to strengthen nationalism

How have African nations strengthened nationalism?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 88
- Pictures/posters
- Resource persons
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 90
- Video recording equipment
- Charts/posters

- Poster design - Oral questions - Group discussions

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Global Wars - Exploring how global wars have affected Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define global wars and identify examples
- Explore how global wars affected Africa from past to present
- Connect African soldiers' participation in World Wars to current Kenya Defence Forces' peacekeeping missions

- Brainstorm examples of global wars (World War I and II, Cold War)
- Research how global wars affected Africa economically, socially and politically
- Discuss why these conflicts are referred to as global wars

How did Africa's involvement in global wars shape its landscape?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 92
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Research presentations - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Global Wars - Effects of World War I and II on Africa
Global Wars - Lessons learnt from global wars to build a better society

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse effects of World War I and II on Africa
- Discuss how African soldiers and resources were exploited during the wars
- Relate wartime resource exploitation to current debates on fair trade and economic partnerships

- Read short summaries on Africa's experience during major global wars
- Discuss ongoing effects of wars on Africa (foreign policy, economic dependence)
- Research using digital devices on effects of global wars on Africa

How did global wars contribute to liberation movements in Africa?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 93
- Digital resources
- Case studies
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 94
- Pictures/charts
- Documentaries

- Case study analysis - Oral questions - Written tests

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Global Wars - Strategies to avoid negative lessons learnt from global wars
Global Wars - Strategies to safeguard African states from negative impact of global wars

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify strategies to prevent repeating mistakes of past global wars
- Discuss role of diplomacy, tolerance and human rights protection
- Practise conflict resolution skills in daily interactions with peers and family

- Study mind map showing strategies to avoid negative lessons from global wars
- Share experiences on strategies for avoiding negative effects
- Role-play strategies that prevent mistakes of past global wars

How can diplomacy prevent conflicts between nations?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 95
- Mind maps
- Role-play materials
- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 96
- Flashcards
- Digital resources

- Role-play assessment - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Themes in African History and Citizenship
Themes in World History and Citizenship
Themes in World History and Citizenship
Themes in World History and Citizenship

Global Wars - Advocating for a world free of war to achieve sustainable peace
Enlightenment Ideas - Meaning and Key Thinkers
Enlightenment Ideas - Contributions of Thinkers to the Revolution
American Revolution - Political, Economic and Social Factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Advocate for a world free of war to achieve sustainable peace
- Compose songs/poems/messages on achieving sustainable peace
- Organise peace awareness campaigns in your school or community

- Read messages on ways of discouraging global wars
- Design posters to discourage negative lessons learnt from global wars
- Compose songs/poems/messages on a world free of war

How can we promote sustainable peace in our communities?

- MTP History and Citizenship pg. 97
- Poster materials
- Creative writing materials
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 98
- Digital resources
- Charts showing enlightenment thinkers
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 99
- Internet access
- Reference books
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 100
- Charts for classification

- Creative writing assessment - Poster presentations - Peer assessment

Themes in World History and Citizenship

American Revolution - Impact on the USA
American Revolution - Global Impact
American Revolution - Lessons for Modern Society
International Organisations - Types and Significance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Deduce the political, economic and social impacts of the American Revolution on the USA
- Explain how the revolution led to the creation of a constitution and self-governance
- Relate the birth of American democracy to current electoral systems in Kenya and other countries

- Use print/digital resources to search for impacts of the revolution on the USA
- Discuss how the revolution influenced debates on rights of enslaved people and women
- Create presentations on key impacts

How did the American Revolution transform governance in the USA?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 102
- Internet access
- Reference books
- Digital resources
- World maps
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 103
- Charts/posters
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 105
- Charts showing organisation logos

- Oral questions - Written tests - Presentations

Themes in World History and Citizenship

International Organisations - Roles in Global Affairs
The Commonwealth - Formation and Membership
The Commonwealth - Factors Strengthening Ties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the roles of different international organisations in promoting peace, health and development
- Compare functions of UN agencies with AU agencies
- Connect peacekeeping missions to conflict resolution in African countries like South Sudan

- Use digital resources to research roles of UN and AU agencies
- Create comparison charts highlighting similarities and differences
- Role play a real-life situation involving AU and UN

How do international organisations like the UN and AU contribute to global peace?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 106
- Internet access
- Reference books
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 107
- Atlas
- World maps
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 108
- Charts/posters
- Digital resources

- Presentations - Peer assessment - Written tests

Themes in World History and Citizenship

The Commonwealth - Opportunities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Illustrate opportunities enjoyed by Commonwealth nations
- Explain how education programmes and trade partnerships benefit member countries
- Relate scholarship opportunities to personal career development goals

- Research opportunities such as youth programmes, scholarships and trade partnerships
- Analyse the Commonwealth Youth Exchange Programme case study
- Discuss how these opportunities promote development

What benefits do countries gain from Commonwealth membership?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 109
- Case studies
- Internet access

- Oral questions - Written tests - Case study analysis

Themes in World History and Citizenship

The Commonwealth - Challenges
Modern Slavery and Servitude - Definitions and Differences

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline challenges facing Commonwealth nations
- Propose solutions to challenges like economic inequality and political differences
- Relate digital divide challenges to rural communities' limited access to online learning

- Research challenges such as unequal economic progress and limited global influence
- Discuss whether all Commonwealth countries benefit equally
- Create awareness messages on the importance of international cooperation

What challenges limit the effectiveness of Commonwealth cooperation?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 109
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 111
- Case study scenarios
- Charts

- Debates - Written assignments - Peer assessment

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Modern Slavery and Servitude - Various Forms
Modern Slavery and Servitude - Contributing Factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss various forms of slavery and servitude in the modern world
- Classify forms such as child labour, human trafficking and debt bondage
- Identify signs of forced labour in domestic work, factories or farms

- Use library resources to research forms of modern slavery
- Analyse scenarios involving Amina, Joseph, Maria and Kevin
- Discuss characteristics of each form of slavery and servitude

What are the common forms of modern slavery in our society?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 112
- Newspapers
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 113
- Flashcards
- Case studies

- Group presentations - Written tests - Observation

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Modern Slavery and Servitude - Comparison of Factors
Modern Slavery and Servitude - Government and Civil Society Collaboration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare factors contributing to modern slavery with those contributing to servitude
- Create a comparison table showing similarities and differences
- Relate lack of education to increased vulnerability to exploitative work arrangements

- Identify similarities and differences in factors affecting slavery and servitude
- Discuss how and why these factors affect people differently
- Present findings using comparison tables

How do factors leading to slavery differ from those leading to servitude?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 115
- Charts
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 116
- Resource person
- Pictures/posters

- Peer assessment - Presentations - Written tests

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Modern Slavery and Servitude - Abolitionist Movements
Modern Slavery and Servitude - Need for Freedom

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Elaborate the roles of abolitionist movements from the 18th century to date
- Compare historical abolitionists with modern anti-slavery activists
- Connect historical struggles for freedom to current human rights campaigns

- Use charts/posters to present information on abolitionists (Olaudah Equiano, William Wilberforce, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman)
- Compare historical abolitionists with modern figures like Malala Yousafzai
- Discuss lessons modern society can learn from the past

What role have abolitionist movements played in fighting slavery?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 117
- Charts showing abolitionists
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 118
- Charts/posters

- Presentations - Peer assessment - Written tests

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Modern Slavery and Servitude - Consolidation
Global Governance - Guiding Principles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise key concepts on modern slavery and servitude
- Answer assessment questions on forms, factors and solutions
- Apply knowledge to identify and report suspicious activities in the community

- Review key concepts on modern slavery and servitude
- Answer assessment questions from the learner's book
- Discuss practical ways to apply knowledge in daily life

How can we apply our knowledge to protect vulnerable people from exploitation?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 119
- Assessment materials
- Reference notes
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 120
- Digital resources
- Charts/posters

- Written tests - Oral questions - Reflective journals

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Global Governance - Addressing Transnational Challenges
Global Governance - Key Areas for Global Stability

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explore the need for global governance in addressing transnational challenges
- Analyse challenges like climate change, terrorism and pandemics
- Connect global health responses to local experiences during COVID-19 pandemic

- Use charts to present information on transnational challenges
- Research how global governance addresses issues like climate change and health crises
- Discuss why some problems are too big for one country to handle alone

Why is global cooperation necessary to address challenges like climate change and pandemics?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 121
- Case studies
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 123
- Digital resources
- Slogan materials

- Presentations - Peer assessment - Written tests

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Global Governance - Role of UN and AU
Global Governance - Emerging Issues and Opportunities

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish key organisations that play a role in global governance
- Compare roles of UN agencies with AU agencies
- Connect UN peacekeeping missions to maintaining peace in conflict zones in Africa

- Watch documentaries on UN and AU roles in global governance
- Create comparison charts for UN and AU agencies
- Role play scenarios involving conflict resolution or humanitarian aid

How do the UN and AU contribute to global peace and development?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 124
- Documentaries
- Comparison charts
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 126
- Resource person
- Digital resources

- Role play assessment - Written assignments - Presentations

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Global Governance - Importance and Assessment
Industrial Revolution - Characteristics

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recognise the importance of good global governance
- Compose a poem on the importance of global governance
- Debate the role of individual nations versus global cooperation in solving problems

- Discuss how global governance promotes peace, economic stability and health management
- Compose poems on the importance of good global governance
- Debate: "Nations should solve problems on their own"

Why is good global governance important for a peaceful and prosperous world?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 128
- Assessment materials
- Debate guidelines
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 129
- Pictures
- Charts

- Debates - Creative work evaluation - Written tests

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Industrial Revolution - Factors in Britain and USA
Industrial Revolution - Contributions of Inventions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare factors that led to industrial revolution in Britain and USA
- Analyse similarities and differences in technological, economic and political factors
- Connect availability of natural resources to industrial development in East Africa

- Use digital and print resources to research factors in both countries
- Discuss similarities and differences in factors
- Fill comparison tables on technological innovations, natural resources and government policies

What factors enabled Britain and USA to become industrial powers?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 130
- Comparison tables
- Digital resources
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 131
- Pictures of machines

- Written tests - Presentations - Peer assessment

Themes in World History and Citizenship

Industrial Revolution - Positive Impact on Africa
Industrial Revolution - Negative Impact on Africa
Industrial Revolution - Measures to Address Effects

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss positive impacts of the 1st phase of industrial revolution on Africa
- Explain how legitimate trade and infrastructure development occurred
- Connect railway development to current transportation networks in Kenya

- Use print/digital resources to research positive impacts on Africa
- Analyse pictures showing introduction of legitimate trade and infrastructure
- Discuss how railways and roads were developed

What positive changes did the industrial revolution bring to Africa?

- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 132
- Pictures
- Maps showing infrastructure
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 134
- Digital resources
- Charts for classification
- MTP History and Citizenship Learner's Book Grade 10 pg. 135
- Video clips
- Creative materials

- Written tests - Oral questions - Case analysis