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SCHEME OF WORK
Mathematics
Form 4 2026
TERM I
School


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WK LSN TOPIC SUB-TOPIC OBJECTIVES T/L ACTIVITIES T/L AIDS REFERENCE REMARKS
2 1
Sequences and Series
Introduction to sequences and finding terms
General term of sequences and applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define sequences and identify sequence patterns
Find next terms using established patterns
Recognize different types of sequence patterns
Apply pattern recognition systematically
Q/A on number patterns from daily life
Discussions on counting patterns using classroom arrangements
Solving pattern completion problems step-by-step
Demonstrations using bead or stone arrangements
Explaining sequence terminology and pattern continuation
Chalk and blackboard, stones or beans for patterns, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, numbered cards made from paper, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 207-208
2 2
Sequences and Series
Arithmetic sequences and nth term
Arithmetic sequence applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define arithmetic sequences and common differences
Calculate common differences correctly
Derive and apply the nth term formula
Solve problems using arithmetic sequence concepts
Q/A on arithmetic patterns using step-by-step examples
Discussions on constant difference patterns and formula derivation
Solving arithmetic sequence problems systematically
Demonstrations using equal-step progressions
Explaining formula structure using algebraic reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, measuring tape or string, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, local employment/savings examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 209-210
2 3
Sequences and Series
Geometric sequences and nth term
Geometric sequence applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define geometric sequences and common ratios
Calculate common ratios correctly
Derive and apply the geometric nth term formula
Understand exponential growth patterns
Q/A on geometric patterns using multiplication examples
Discussions on ratio-based progressions and formula derivation
Solving geometric sequence problems systematically
Demonstrations using doubling and scaling examples
Explaining exponential structure using practical examples
Chalk and blackboard, objects for doubling demonstrations, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, population/growth data examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 211-213
2 4
Sequences and Series
Arithmetic series and sum formula
Geometric series and applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define arithmetic series as sums of sequences
Derive the sum formula for arithmetic series
Apply the arithmetic series formula systematically
Calculate sums efficiently using the formula
Q/A on series concepts using summation examples
Discussions on sequence-to-series relationships and formula derivation
Solving arithmetic series problems using step-by-step approach
Demonstrations using cumulative sum examples
Explaining derivation logic using algebraic reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, counting materials for summation, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, convergence demonstration materials, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 214-215
2 5
Sequences and Series
Mixed problems and advanced applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Combine arithmetic and geometric concepts
Solve complex mixed sequence and series problems
Apply appropriate methods for different types
Model real-world situations using mathematical sequences
Q/A on problem type identification using systematic analysis
Discussions on method selection and comprehensive applications
Solving mixed problems using appropriate techniques
Demonstrations using interdisciplinary scenarios
Explaining method choice using logical reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, mixed problem collections, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 207-219
2 6
Sequences and Series
Vectors (II)
Sequences in nature and technology
Coordinates in two dimensions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify mathematical patterns in natural phenomena
Analyze sequences in biological and technological contexts
Apply sequence concepts to environmental problems
Appreciate mathematics in the natural and modern world
Q/A on natural and technological patterns using examples
Discussions on biological sequences and digital applications
Solving nature and technology-based problems
Demonstrations using natural pattern examples
Explaining mathematical beauty using real phenomena
Chalk and blackboard, natural and technology examples, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, squared paper or grid drawn on ground, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 207-219
2 7
Vectors (II)
Coordinates in three dimensions
Column and position vectors in three dimensions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify the coordinates of a point in three dimensions
Understand the three-dimensional coordinate system
Plot points in 3D space systematically
Apply 3D coordinates to spatial problems
Q/A on 3D coordinate understanding using room corner references
Discussions on height, length, and width measurements
Solving 3D coordinate problems using systematic approaches
Demonstrations using classroom corners and building structures
Explaining 3D visualization using physical room examples
Chalk and blackboard, 3D models made from sticks and clay, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, movement demonstration space, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 222
3 1
Vectors (II)
Position vectors and applications
Column vectors in terms of unit vectors i, j, k
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the position vector
Apply position vectors to geometric problems
Find distances using position vector methods
Solve positioning problems systematically
Q/A on position vector calculation using origin references
Discussions on position determination using coordinate methods
Solving position vector problems using systematic calculation
Demonstrations using fixed origin and variable endpoints
Explaining position concepts using practical location examples
Chalk and blackboard, origin marking systems, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, direction indicators, unit vector reference charts, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 224
3 2
Vectors (II)
Vector operations using unit vectors
Magnitude of a vector in three dimensions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Express vectors in terms of unit vectors
Perform vector addition using unit vector notation
Calculate vector subtraction with i, j, k components
Apply scalar multiplication to unit vectors
Q/A on vector operations using component-wise calculation
Discussions on systematic operation methods
Solving vector operation problems using organized approaches
Demonstrations using component separation and combination
Explaining operation logic using algebraic reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, component calculation aids, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, 3D measurement aids, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 226-228
3 3
Vectors (II)
Magnitude applications and unit vectors
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the magnitude of a vector in three dimensions
Find unit vectors from given vectors
Apply magnitude concepts to practical problems
Use magnitude in vector normalization
Q/A on magnitude and unit vector relationships
Discussions on normalization and direction finding
Solving magnitude and unit vector problems
Demonstrations using direction and length separation
Explaining practical applications using navigation examples
Chalk and blackboard, direction finding aids, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 229-230
3 4
Vectors (II)
Parallel vectors
Collinearity
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Identify parallel vectors
Determine when vectors are parallel
Apply parallel vector properties
Use scalar multiples in parallel relationships
Q/A on parallel identification using scalar multiple methods
Discussions on parallel relationships using geometric examples
Solving parallel vector problems using systematic testing
Demonstrations using parallel line and direction examples
Explaining parallel concepts using geometric reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, parallel line demonstrations, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, straight-line demonstrations, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 231-232
3 5
Vectors (II)
Advanced collinearity applications
Proportional division of a line
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Show that points are collinear
Apply collinearity to complex geometric problems
Integrate parallel and collinearity concepts
Solve advanced alignment problems
Q/A on advanced collinearity using complex scenarios
Discussions on geometric proof using vector methods
Solving challenging collinearity problems
Demonstrations using complex geometric constructions
Explaining advanced applications using comprehensive examples
Chalk and blackboard, complex geometric aids, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, internal division models, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 232-234
3 6
Vectors (II)
External division of a line
Combined internal and external division
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Divide a line externally in the given ratio
Apply the external division formula
Distinguish between internal and external division
Solve external division problems accurately
Q/A on external division using systematic formula application
Discussions on external point calculation using vector methods
Solving external division problems using careful approaches
Demonstrations using external point construction examples
Explaining external division using extended line concepts
Chalk and blackboard, external division models, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, combined division models, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 238-239
3 7
Vectors (II)
Ratio theorem
Advanced ratio theorem applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Express position vectors
Apply the ratio theorem to geometric problems
Use ratio theorem in complex calculations
Find position vectors using ratio relationships
Q/A on ratio theorem application using systematic methods
Discussions on position vector calculation using ratio methods
Solving ratio theorem problems using organized approaches
Demonstrations using ratio-based position finding
Explaining theorem applications using logical reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, ratio theorem aids, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, advanced ratio models, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 240-242
4 1
Vectors (II)
Mid-point
Ratio theorem and midpoint integration
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Find the mid-points of the given vectors
Apply midpoint formulas in vector contexts
Use midpoint concepts in geometric problems
Calculate midpoints systematically
Q/A on midpoint calculation using vector averaging methods
Discussions on midpoint applications using geometric examples
Solving midpoint problems using systematic approaches
Demonstrations using midpoint construction and calculation
Explaining midpoint concepts using practical examples
Chalk and blackboard, midpoint demonstration aids, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, complex problem materials, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 243
4 2
Vectors (II)
Advanced ratio theorem applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use ratio theorem to find the given vectors
Apply ratio theorem to challenging problems
Handle complex geometric applications
Demonstrate comprehensive ratio mastery
Q/A on comprehensive ratio understanding using advanced problems
Discussions on complex ratio relationships
Solving advanced ratio problems using systematic methods
Demonstrations using sophisticated geometric constructions
Explaining mastery using challenging applications
Chalk and blackboard, advanced geometric aids, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 246-248
4 3
Vectors (II)
Binomial Expansion
Applications of vectors in geometry
Binomial expansions up to power four
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use vectors to show the diagonals of a parallelogram
Apply vector methods to geometric proofs
Demonstrate parallelogram properties using vectors
Solve geometric problems using vector techniques
Q/A on geometric proof using vector methods
Discussions on parallelogram properties using vector analysis
Solving geometric problems using systematic vector techniques
Demonstrations using vector-based geometric constructions
Explaining geometric relationships using vector reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, parallelogram models, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, rectangular cutouts from paper, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 248-249
4 4
Binomial Expansion
Binomial expansions up to power four (continued)
Pascal's triangle
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Expand binomial function up to power four
Handle increasingly complex coefficient patterns
Apply systematic expansion techniques efficiently
Verify expansions using substitution methods
Q/A on power expansion using multiplication techniques
Discussions on coefficient identification using pattern analysis
Solving expansion problems using systematic approaches
Demonstrations using geometric representations
Explaining verification methods using numerical substitution
Chalk and blackboard, squared paper for geometric models, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, triangular patterns drawn/cut from paper, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 256
4 5
Binomial Expansion
Pascal's triangle applications
Pascal's triangle (continued)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use Pascal's triangle
Apply Pascal's triangle to binomial expansions efficiently
Use triangle coefficients for various powers
Solve expansion problems using triangle methods
Q/A on triangle application using coefficient identification
Discussions on efficient expansion using triangle methods
Solving expansion problems using Pascal's triangle
Demonstrations using triangle-guided calculations
Explaining efficiency benefits using comparative methods
Chalk and blackboard, Pascal's triangle reference charts, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, advanced triangle patterns, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 257-258
4 6
Binomial Expansion
Pascal's triangle advanced
Applications to numerical cases
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use Pascal's triangle
Apply general binomial theorem concepts
Understand combination notation in expansions
Use general term formula applications
Q/A on general formula understanding using pattern analysis
Discussions on combination notation using counting principles
Solving general term problems using formula application
Demonstrations using systematic formula usage
Explaining general principles using algebraic reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, combination calculation aids, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, simple calculation aids, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 258-259
4 7
Binomial Expansion
Applications to numerical cases (continued)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Use binomial expansion to solve numerical problems
Apply binomial methods to complex calculations
Handle decimal approximations using expansions
Solve practical numerical problems
Q/A on advanced numerical applications using complex scenarios
Discussions on decimal approximation using expansion techniques
Solving challenging numerical problems using systematic methods
Demonstrations using detailed calculation procedures
Explaining practical relevance using real-world examples
Chalk and blackboard, advanced calculation examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 259-260
5 1
Probability
Introduction
Experimental Probability
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the experimental probability
Understand probability concepts in daily life
Distinguish between certain and uncertain events
Recognize probability situations
Q/A on uncertain events from daily life experiences
Discussions on weather prediction and game outcomes
Analyzing chance events using coin tossing and dice rolling
Demonstrations using simple probability experiments
Explaining probability language using familiar examples
Chalk and blackboard, coins, dice made from cardboard, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, coins, cardboard dice, tally charts, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 262-264
5 2
Probability
Experimental Probability applications
Range of Probability Measure
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the experimental probability
Apply experimental methods to various scenarios
Handle large sample experiments
Analyze experimental probability patterns
Q/A on advanced experimental techniques using extended trials
Discussions on sample size effects using comparative data
Solving complex experimental problems using systematic methods
Demonstrations using extended experimental procedures
Explaining pattern analysis using accumulated data
Chalk and blackboard, extended experimental materials, data recording sheets, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, number line drawings, probability scale charts, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 262-264
5 3
Probability
Probability Space
Theoretical Probability
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the probability space for the theoretical probability
Define sample space systematically
List all possible outcomes
Apply sample space concepts
Q/A on outcome listing using systematic enumeration
Discussions on complete outcome identification
Solving sample space problems using organized listing
Demonstrations using dice, cards, and spinner examples
Explaining probability calculation using outcome counting
Chalk and blackboard, playing cards (locally made), spinners from cardboard, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, fair dice and coins, probability calculation aids, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 266-267
5 4
Probability
Theoretical Probability advanced
Theoretical Probability applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the probability space for the theoretical probability
Apply theoretical probability to complex problems
Handle multiple outcome scenarios
Solve advanced theoretical problems
Q/A on advanced theoretical applications using complex scenarios
Discussions on multiple outcome analysis using systematic methods
Solving challenging theoretical problems using organized approaches
Demonstrations using complex probability setups
Explaining advanced theoretical concepts using detailed reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, complex probability materials, advanced calculation aids, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, local game examples, practical scenario materials, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 268-270
5 5
Probability
Combined Events
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Find the probability of a combined events
Understand compound events and combinations
Distinguish between different event types
Apply basic combination rules
Q/A on event combination using practical examples
Discussions on exclusive and inclusive event identification
Solving basic combined event problems using visual methods
Demonstrations using card drawing and dice rolling combinations
Explaining combination principles using Venn diagrams
Chalk and blackboard, playing cards, multiple dice, Venn diagram drawings, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 272-273
5 6
Probability
Combined Events OR probability
Independent Events
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Find the probability of a combined events
Apply addition rule for OR events
Calculate "A or B" probabilities
Handle mutually exclusive events
Q/A on addition rule application using systematic methods
Discussions on mutually exclusive identification and calculation
Solving OR probability problems using organized approaches
Demonstrations using card selection and event combination
Explaining addition rule logic using Venn diagrams
Chalk and blackboard, Venn diagram materials, card examples, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, multiple coins and dice, independence demonstration materials, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 272-274
5 7
Probability
Independent Events advanced
Independent Events applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Find the probability of independent events
Distinguish between independent and dependent events
Apply conditional probability concepts
Handle complex independence scenarios
Q/A on independence verification using mathematical methods
Discussions on dependence concepts using card drawing examples
Solving dependent and independent event problems using systematic approaches
Demonstrations using replacement and non-replacement scenarios
Explaining conditional probability using practical examples
Chalk and blackboard, playing cards for replacement scenarios, multiple experimental setups, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, complex experimental materials, advanced calculation aids, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 276-278
6 1
Probability
Tree Diagrams
Tree Diagrams advanced
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw tree diagrams to show the probability space
Construct tree diagrams systematically
Represent sequential events using trees
Apply tree diagram methods
Q/A on tree construction using step-by-step methods
Discussions on sequential event representation
Solving basic tree diagram problems using systematic drawing
Demonstrations using branching examples and visual organization
Explaining tree structure using logical branching principles
Chalk and blackboard, tree diagram templates, branching materials, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, complex tree examples, detailed calculation aids, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 282
6 2
Compound Proportion and Rates of Work
Compound Proportions
Compound Proportions applications
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Find the compound proportions
Understand compound proportion relationships
Apply compound proportion methods systematically
Solve problems involving multiple variables
Q/A on compound relationships using practical examples
Discussions on multiple variable situations using local scenarios
Solving compound proportion problems using systematic methods
Demonstrations using business and trade examples
Explaining compound proportion logic using step-by-step reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, local business examples, calculators if available, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, construction/farming examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 288-290
6 3
Compound Proportion and Rates of Work
Proportional Parts
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the proportional parts
Understand proportional division concepts
Apply proportional parts to sharing problems
Solve distribution problems using proportional methods
Q/A on proportional sharing using practical examples
Discussions on fair distribution using ratio concepts
Solving proportional parts problems using systematic division
Demonstrations using sharing scenarios and inheritance examples
Explaining proportional distribution using logical reasoning
Chalk and blackboard, sharing demonstration materials, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 291-293
6 4
Compound Proportion and Rates of Work
Proportional Parts applications
Rates of Work
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the proportional parts
Apply proportional parts to complex sharing scenarios
Handle business partnership profit sharing
Solve advanced proportional distribution problems
Q/A on complex proportional sharing using business examples
Discussions on partnership profit distribution using practical scenarios
Solving advanced proportional problems using systematic methods
Demonstrations using business partnership and investment examples
Explaining practical applications using meaningful contexts
Chalk and blackboard, business partnership examples, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, work scenario examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 291-293
6 5
Compound Proportion and Rates of Work
Graphical Methods
Rates of Work and Mixtures
Tables of given relations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the rate of work
Apply work rates to complex scenarios
Handle mixture problems and combinations
Solve advanced rate and mixture problems
Q/A on advanced work rates using complex scenarios
Discussions on mixture problems using practical examples
Solving challenging rate and mixture problems using systematic approaches
Demonstrations using cooking, construction, and manufacturing examples
Explaining mixture concepts using practical applications
Chalk and blackboard, mixture demonstration materials, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, ruled paper for tables, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 295-296
6 6
Graphical Methods
Graphs of given relations
Tables and graphs integration
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw graphs of given relations
Plot points accurately on coordinate systems
Connect points to show relationships
Interpret graphs from given data
Q/A on graph plotting using coordinate methods
Discussions on point plotting and curve drawing
Solving graph construction problems using systematic plotting
Demonstrations using coordinate systems and curve sketching
Explaining graph interpretation using visual analysis
Chalk and blackboard, graph paper or grids, rulers, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, graph paper, data examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 300
6 7
Graphical Methods
Introduction to cubic equations
Graphical solution of cubic equations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw tables of cubic functions
Understand cubic equation characteristics
Prepare cubic function data systematically
Recognize cubic curve patterns
Q/A on cubic function evaluation using systematic calculation
Discussions on cubic equation properties using mathematical analysis
Solving cubic table preparation using organized methods
Demonstrations using cubic function examples
Explaining cubic characteristics using pattern recognition
Chalk and blackboard, cubic function examples, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, graph paper, cubic equation examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 301
7 1
Graphical Methods
Advanced cubic solutions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw graphs of cubic equations
Apply graphical methods to complex cubic problems
Handle multiple root scenarios
Verify solutions using graphical analysis
Q/A on advanced cubic graphing using complex examples
Discussions on multiple root identification using graph analysis
Solving challenging cubic problems using systematic methods
Demonstrations using detailed cubic constructions
Explaining verification methods using graphical checking
Chalk and blackboard, advanced graph examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 302-304
7 2
Graphical Methods
Introduction to rates of change
Average rates of change
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the average rates of change
Understand rate of change concepts
Apply rate calculations to practical problems
Interpret rate meanings in context
Q/A on rate calculation using slope methods
Discussions on rate interpretation using practical examples
Solving basic rate problems using systematic calculation
Demonstrations using speed-time and distance examples
Explaining rate concepts using practical analogies
Chalk and blackboard, rate calculation examples, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, graph paper, rate examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 304-306
7 3
Graphical Methods
Advanced average rates
Introduction to instantaneous rates
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the average rates of change
Handle complex rate scenarios
Apply rates to business and scientific problems
Integrate rate concepts with other topics
Q/A on complex rate applications using advanced scenarios
Discussions on business and scientific rate applications
Solving challenging rate problems using integrated methods
Demonstrations using comprehensive rate examples
Explaining advanced applications using detailed analysis
Chalk and blackboard, advanced rate scenarios, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, tangent line examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 304-310
7 4
Graphical Methods
Rate of change at an instant
Advanced instantaneous rates
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Calculate the rate of change at an instant
Apply instantaneous rate methods systematically
Use graphical techniques for instant rates
Solve practical instantaneous rate problems
Q/A on instantaneous rate calculation using graphical methods
Discussions on tangent line slope interpretation
Solving instantaneous rate problems using systematic approaches
Demonstrations using detailed tangent constructions
Explaining practical applications using real scenarios
Chalk and blackboard, detailed graph examples, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, advanced rate examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 310-311
7 5
Graphical Methods
Empirical graphs
Advanced empirical methods
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Draw the empirical graphs
Understand empirical data representation
Plot experimental data systematically
Analyze empirical relationships
Q/A on empirical data plotting using experimental examples
Discussions on real data representation using practical scenarios
Solving empirical graphing problems using systematic methods
Demonstrations using experimental data examples
Explaining empirical analysis using practical interpretations
Chalk and blackboard, experimental data examples, exercise books
Chalk and blackboard, complex data examples, exercise books
KLB Mathematics Book Three Pg 315-316
7 6
Matrices and Transformation
Matrices of Transformation
Identifying Common Transformation Matrices
Finding the Matrix of a Transformation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define transformation and identify types
-Recognize that matrices can represent transformations
-Apply 2×2 matrices to position vectors
-Relate matrix operations to geometric transformations

-Review transformation concepts from Form 2
-Demonstrate matrix multiplication using position vectors
-Plot objects and images on coordinate plane
-Practice identifying transformations from images
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Ruler
-Pencils
-String
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 1-5
7 7
Matrices and Transformation
Using the Unit Square Method
Successive Transformations
Matrix Multiplication for Combined Transformations
Single Matrix for Successive Transformations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Use unit square to find transformation matrices
-Read matrix elements directly from unit square images
-Apply unit square method to various transformations
-Compare unit square method with algebraic method

-Demonstrate unit square method systematically
-Practice reading transformation matrices from diagrams
-Apply method to reflections, rotations, enlargements
-Compare efficiency of different methods
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Ruler
-String
-Coloured pencils
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 6-16
8

Mid term

9 1
Matrices and Transformation
Inverse of a Transformation
Properties of Inverse Transformations
Area Scale Factor and Determinant
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define inverse transformation conceptually
-Find inverse matrices using algebraic methods
-Apply inverse transformations to return objects to original position
-Verify inverse relationships using matrix multiplication

-Demonstrate inverse transformations geometrically
-Practice finding inverse matrices algebraically
-Verify that A × A⁻¹ = I
-Apply inverse transformations to solve problems
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Ruler
-Chalk/markers
det A
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 24-26
9 2
Matrices and Transformation
Shear Transformations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define shear transformation and its properties
-Identify invariant lines in shear transformations
-Construct matrices for shear transformations
-Apply shear transformations to geometric objects

-Demonstrate shear using cardboard models
-Identify x-axis and y-axis invariant shears
-Practice constructing shear matrices
-Apply shears to triangles and rectangles
Exercise books
-Cardboard pieces
-Manila paper
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 28-34
9 3
Matrices and Transformation
Stretch Transformations
Combined Shear and Stretch Problems
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define stretch transformation and scale factors
-Distinguish between one-way and two-way stretches
-Construct matrices for stretch transformations
-Apply stretch transformations to solve problems

-Demonstrate stretch using rubber bands and paper
-Practice with x-axis and y-axis invariant stretches
-Construct stretch matrices systematically
-Compare stretches with enlargements
Exercise books
-Rubber bands
-Manila paper
-Ruler
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 28-34
9 4
Matrices and Transformation
Statistics II
Isometric and Non-isometric Transformations
Introduction to Advanced Statistics
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Distinguish between isometric and non-isometric transformations
-Classify transformations based on shape and size preservation
-Identify isometric transformations from matrices
-Apply classification to solve problems

-Compare congruent and non-congruent images using cutouts
-Classify transformations systematically
-Practice identification from matrices
-Discuss real-world applications of each type
Exercise books
-Paper cutouts
-Manila paper
-Ruler
-Real data examples
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 35-38
9 5
Statistics II
Working Mean Concept
Mean Using Working Mean - Simple Data
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define working mean (assumed mean)
-Explain why working mean simplifies calculations
-Identify appropriate working mean values
-Apply working mean to reduce calculation errors

-Demonstrate calculation difficulties with large numbers
-Show how working mean simplifies arithmetic
-Practice selecting suitable working means
-Compare results with and without working mean
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Sample datasets
-Chalk/markers
-Student data
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 39-42
9 6
Statistics II
Mean Using Working Mean - Frequency Tables
Mean for Grouped Data Using Working Mean
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate mean using working mean for frequency data
-Apply working mean to discrete frequency distributions
-Use the formula with frequencies correctly
-Solve real-world problems with frequency data

-Demonstrate with family size data from local community
-Practice calculating fx and fd systematically
-Work through examples step-by-step
-Students practice with their own collected data
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Community data
-Chalk/markers
-Real datasets
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 42-48
9 7
Statistics II
Advanced Working Mean Techniques
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply coding techniques with working mean
-Divide by class width to simplify further
-Use transformation methods efficiently
-Solve complex grouped data problems

-Demonstrate coding method on chalkboard
-Show how dividing by class width helps
-Practice reverse calculations to get original mean
-Work with economic data from Kenya
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Economic data
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 42-48
10 1
Statistics II
Introduction to Quartiles, Deciles, Percentiles
Calculating Quartiles for Ungrouped Data
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define quartiles, deciles, and percentiles
-Understand how they divide data into parts
-Explain the relationship between these measures
-Identify their importance in data analysis

-Use physical demonstration with student heights
-Arrange 20 students by height to show quartiles
-Explain percentile ranks in exam results
-Discuss applications in grading systems
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Student height data
-Measuring tape
-Test score data
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 49-52
10 2
Statistics II
Quartiles for Grouped Data
Deciles and Percentiles Calculations
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate quartiles using interpolation formula
-Identify quartile classes correctly
-Apply the formula: Q = L + [(n/4 - CF)/f] × h
-Solve problems with continuous grouped data

-Work through detailed examples on chalkboard
-Practice identifying quartile positions
-Use cumulative frequency systematically
-Apply to real examination grade data
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Grade data
-Chalk/markers
-Performance data
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 49-52
10 3
Statistics II
Introduction to Cumulative Frequency
Drawing Cumulative Frequency Curves (Ogives)
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct cumulative frequency tables
-Understand "less than" cumulative frequencies
-Plot cumulative frequency against class boundaries
-Identify the characteristic S-shape of ogives

-Create cumulative frequency table with class data
-Plot points on manila paper grid
-Join points to form smooth curve
-Discuss properties of ogive curves
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Ruler
-Class data
-Pencils
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 52-60
10 4
Statistics II
Reading Values from Ogives
Applications of Ogives
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Read median from cumulative frequency curve
-Find quartiles using ogive
-Estimate any percentile from the curve
-Interpret readings in real-world context

-Demonstrate reading techniques on large ogive
-Practice finding median position (n/2)
-Read quartile positions systematically
-Students practice reading their own curves
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Completed ogives
-Ruler
-Real problem datasets
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 52-60
10 5
Statistics II
Introduction to Measures of Dispersion
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define dispersion and its importance
-Understand limitations of central tendency alone
-Compare datasets with same mean but different spread
-Identify different measures of dispersion

-Compare test scores of two classes with same mean
-Show how different spreads affect interpretation
-Discuss variability in real-world data
-Introduce range as simplest measure
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Comparative datasets
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 60-65
10 6
Statistics II
Range and Interquartile Range
Mean Absolute Deviation
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate range for different datasets
-Find interquartile range (Q3 - Q1)
-Calculate quartile deviation (semi-interquartile range)
-Compare advantages and limitations of each measure

-Calculate range for student heights in class
-Find IQR for the same data
-Discuss effect of outliers on range
-Compare IQR stability with range
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Student data
-Measuring tape
-Test score data
-Chalk/markers
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 60-65
10 7
Statistics II
Introduction to Variance
Variance Using Alternative Formula
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define variance as mean of squared deviations
-Calculate variance using definition formula
-Understand why deviations are squared
-Compare variance with other dispersion measures

-Work through variance calculation step by step
-Explain squaring deviations eliminates negatives
-Calculate variance for simple datasets
-Compare with mean absolute deviation
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Simple datasets
-Chalk/markers
-Frequency data
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 65-70
11 1
Statistics II
Standard Deviation Calculations
Standard Deviation for Grouped Data
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Calculate standard deviation as square root of variance
-Apply standard deviation to ungrouped data
-Use standard deviation to compare datasets
-Interpret standard deviation in practical contexts

-Calculate SD for student exam scores
-Compare SD values for different subjects
-Interpret what high/low SD means
-Use SD to identify consistent performance
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Exam score data
-Chalk/markers
-Agricultural data
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 65-70
11 2
Statistics II
Loci
Advanced Standard Deviation Techniques
Introduction to Loci
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply transformation properties of standard deviation
-Use coding with class width division
-Solve problems with multiple transformations
-Verify results using different methods

-Demonstrate coding transformations
-Show how SD changes with data transformations
-Practice reverse calculations
-Verify using alternative methods
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Transformation examples
-Chalk/markers
-String
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 65-70
11 3
Loci
Basic Locus Concepts and Laws
Perpendicular Bisector Locus
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Understand that loci follow specific laws or conditions
-Identify the laws governing different types of movement
-Distinguish between 2D and 3D loci
-Apply locus concepts to simple problems

-Physical demonstrations with moving objects
-Students track movement of classroom door
-Identify laws governing pendulum movement
-Practice stating locus laws clearly
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-String
-Real objects
-Compass
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 73-75
11 4
Loci
Properties and Applications of Perpendicular Bisector
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Understand perpendicular bisector in 3D space
-Apply perpendicular bisector to find circumcenters
-Solve practical problems using perpendicular bisector
-Use perpendicular bisector in triangle constructions

-Find circumcenter of triangle using perpendicular bisectors
-Solve water pipe problems (equidistant from two points)
-Apply to real-world location problems
-Practice with various triangle types
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 75-82
11 5
Loci
Locus of Points at Fixed Distance from a Point
Locus of Points at Fixed Distance from a Line
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define circle as locus of points at fixed distance from center
-Construct circles with given radius using compass
-Understand sphere as 3D locus from fixed point
-Solve problems involving circular loci

-Construct circles of different radii
-Demonstrate with string of fixed length
-Discuss radar coverage, radio signal range
-Students create circles with various measurements
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-String
-Ruler
-Set square
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 75-82
11 6
Loci
Angle Bisector Locus
Properties and Applications of Angle Bisector
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Define angle bisector locus
-Construct angle bisectors using compass and ruler
-Prove equidistance property of angle bisector
-Apply angle bisector to find incenters

-Construct angle bisectors for various angles
-Verify equidistance from angle arms
-Find incenter of triangle using angle bisectors
-Practice with acute, obtuse, and right angles
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Protractor
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 75-82
11 7
Loci
Constant Angle Locus
Advanced Constant Angle Constructions
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Understand constant angle locus concept
-Construct constant angle loci using arc method
-Apply circle theorems to constant angle problems
-Solve problems involving angles in semicircles

-Demonstrate constant angle using protractor
-Construct arc passing through two points
-Use angles in semicircle property
-Practice with different angle measures
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Protractor
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 75-82
12 1
Loci
Introduction to Intersecting Loci
Intersecting Circles and Lines
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Understand concept of intersecting loci
-Identify points satisfying multiple conditions
-Find intersection points of two loci
-Apply intersecting loci to solve practical problems

-Demonstrate intersection of two circles
-Find points equidistant from two points AND at fixed distance from third point
-Solve simple two-condition problems
-Practice identifying intersection points
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 83-89
12 2
Loci
Triangle Centers Using Intersecting Loci
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Find circumcenter using perpendicular bisector intersections
-Locate incenter using angle bisector intersections
-Determine centroid and orthocenter
-Apply triangle centers to solve problems

-Construct all four triangle centers
-Compare properties of different triangle centers
-Use triangle centers in geometric proofs
-Solve problems involving triangle center properties
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 83-89
12 3
Loci
Complex Intersecting Loci Problems
Introduction to Loci of Inequalities
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Solve problems with three or more conditions
-Find regions satisfying multiple constraints
-Apply intersecting loci to optimization problems
-Use systematic approach to complex problems

-Solve treasure hunt type problems
-Find optimal locations for facilities
-Apply to surveying and engineering problems
-Practice systematic problem-solving approach
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Real-world scenarios
-Ruler
-Colored pencils
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 83-89
12 4
Loci
Distance Inequality Loci
Combined Inequality Loci
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Represent distance inequalities graphically
-Solve problems with "less than" and "greater than" distances
-Find regions satisfying distance constraints
-Apply to safety zone problems

-Shade regions inside and outside circles
-Solve exclusion zone problems
-Apply to communication range problems
-Practice with multiple distance constraints
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Colored pencils
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 89-92
12 5
Loci
Advanced Inequality Applications
Introduction to Loci Involving Chords
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Apply inequality loci to linear programming introduction
-Solve real-world optimization problems
-Find maximum and minimum values in regions
-Use graphical methods for decision making

-Solve simple linear programming problems
-Find optimal points in feasible regions
-Apply to business and farming scenarios
-Practice identifying corner points
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Ruler
-Real problem data
-Compass
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 89-92
12 6
Loci
Chord-Based Constructions
Advanced Chord Problems
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Construct circles through three points using chords
-Find loci of chord midpoints
-Solve problems with intersecting chords
-Apply chord properties to geometric constructions

-Construct circles using three non-collinear points
-Find locus of midpoints of parallel chords
-Solve chord intersection problems
-Practice with chord-tangent relationships
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 92-94
12 7
Loci
Integration of All Loci Types
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

-Combine different types of loci in single problems
-Solve comprehensive loci challenges
-Apply multiple loci concepts simultaneously
-Use loci in geometric investigations

-Solve multi-step loci problems
-Combine circle, line, and angle loci
-Apply to real-world complex scenarios
-Practice systematic problem-solving
Exercise books
-Manila paper
-Compass
-Ruler
KLB Secondary Mathematics Form 4, Pages 73-94

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