Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Introduction to History and Citizenship - Branches of History and Citizenship

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define history and citizenship
- Identify different branches of History (political, social, economic) and Citizenship (political, social, economic, legal, environmental)
- Connect knowledge of history to understanding current events in Kenya

- Brainstorm on how different branches of history and citizenship influence contemporary society
- Discuss the meaning of history and citizenship
- Use digital devices to search for information on branches of History and Citizenship

What are the main branches of History and Citizenship?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 1
- Digital resources
- Charts and posters

- Oral questions - Observation - Group presentations

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Introduction to History and Citizenship - Influence on contemporary society
Introduction to History and Citizenship - Sources of historical information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how political history influences governance today
- Analyse how economic history shapes current economic practices
- Relate historical events to current social issues in Kenya

- Outline ways in which different branches of History and Citizenship influence contemporary society
- Discuss in groups how past events have shaped present-day Kenya
- Present findings using charts or posters

How do different branches of History and Citizenship influence contemporary society?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 1
- Digital resources
- Reference books
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 3
- Archives
- Textbooks

- Written assignments - Peer assessment - Oral questions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Introduction to History and Citizenship - Past shaping the present
Introduction to History and Citizenship - Importance of studying History and Citizenship

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine how past historical information has shaped modern governance
- Analyse how traditional practices influence contemporary society
- Connect past economic activities to current industries in Kenya

- Engage a resource person to learn how past historical information has shaped modern History and Citizenship
- Discuss how traditional industries have influenced modern industries
- Search the internet for examples of historical influences on modern Kenya

How has past historical information shaped modern History and Citizenship?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 6
- Resource persons
- Digital resources
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 7
- Charts and posters
- Community elders

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic groups in Kenya - Composition of linguistic groups
Linguistic groups in Kenya - Causes of migration

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the main linguistic groups in Kenya (Bantu, Nilotes, Cushites)
- Describe the sub-groups within each linguistic group
- Connect one's own community to a specific linguistic group

- Brainstorm on the identities of the linguistic groups in Kenya
- Discuss and write on charts the linguistic groups in Kenya
- Use an atlas to locate areas where different linguistic groups settled

Which linguistic groups are found in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 9
- Atlas
- Charts and posters
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 12
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Oral questions - Observation - Written tests

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic groups in Kenya - Causes of Cushitic migration
Linguistic groups in Kenya - Settlement and expansion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the causes of migration of the Cushites into Kenya
- Compare migration factors among different linguistic groups
- Connect historical migration causes to current refugee and displacement issues

- Research on causes of Cushitic migration using digital devices
- Compare causes of migration among Bantu, Nilotes and Cushites
- Present findings in class using charts

What were the unique factors that caused Cushitic migration?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 13
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 14
- Atlas
- Maps
- Digital resources

- Written tests - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic groups in Kenya - Effects of migration (Economic and social)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse economic effects of migration of linguistic groups
- Examine social effects including intermarriages and cultural exchange
- Connect historical migration effects to Kenya's current cultural diversity

- Use print or non-print resources to find out economic and social effects of migration
- Discuss how migration led to trade and spread of skills
- Create a mind map showing effects of migration

What were the economic and social effects of migration of linguistic groups?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 15
- Digital resources
- Charts

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic groups in Kenya - Effects of migration (Political)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse political effects of migration of linguistic groups
- Explain how migration led to formation of alliances and conflicts
- Relate historical political effects to current governance structures

- Discuss political effects of migration such as displacement and alliances
- Research on how migration influenced political organization
- Present findings using charts or posters

What were the political effects of migration of linguistic groups?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 15
- Reference books
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written tests - Peer assessment

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic groups in Kenya - Origin, migration routes and settlement areas

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Trace the origin of the main linguistic groups
- Draw maps showing migration routes of linguistic groups
- Use map reading skills to locate historical settlement areas relevant to one's community

- Use an atlas to locate the origin, migration routes and settlement areas
- Draw maps showing migration patterns
- Label key geographical features on migration maps

Where did the linguistic groups originate and which routes did they use?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 17
- Atlas
- Drawing materials
- Maps

- Map work - Observation - Oral questions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Linguistic groups in Kenya - Socio-economic and political interactions
Establishment of colonial rule - Reasons for colonialism

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how diverse communities promote socio-economic interactions
- Describe political interactions among different communities
- Participate in activities that promote intercultural understanding among classmates

- Showcase knowledge of how diverse communities promote socio-economic and political relations
- Discuss examples of intercommunity trade and cooperation
- Compose a song or poem on the diversity of communities in Kenya

How do diverse communities promote socio-economic and political interactions in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 20
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 24
- Digital resources
- Documentaries

- Oral presentations - Creative performances - Observation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Establishment of colonial rule - Methods used by the British

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify methods used by the British to establish colonial rule
- Evaluate the effectiveness of different methods
- Debate the ethical implications of colonial methods and relate them to current human rights issues

- Debate on the methods used by the British in establishment of colonial rule
- Discuss military conquest, treaties, and collaboration
- Watch a documentary on establishment of colonial rule

Which methods did the British use to establish colonial rule in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 26
- Documentaries
- Reference books

- Debates - Oral questions - Written tests

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Establishment of colonial rule - Process of colonization

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the process of establishment of colonial rule in Kenya
- Create a timeline of key events in colonization
- Analyse how colonialism systematically disrupted existing governance systems

- Watch a documentary on establishment of colonial rule Kenya
- Develop a chart on the process of establishment of colonial rule
- Discuss key events from 1895 to full colonization

What was the process of establishing colonial rule in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 28
- Documentaries
- Charts
- Timeline materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Timeline creation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Establishment of colonial rule - Colonial administration system

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the colonial system of administration
- Explain the role of different colonial officials
- Identify colonial administrative structures still present in Kenya's current government

- Use charts/posters to write information on colonial systems of administration
- Discuss the structure of colonial government
- Compare colonial administration to traditional governance systems

How was the colonial administration structured?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 29
- Charts
- Reference books

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Establishment of colonial rule - Influence on contemporary government

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine how colonial administration influenced contemporary government
- Identify colonial legacies in current governance structures
- Advocate for sustainable self-rule by participating in civic activities

- Explore the extent to which colonial systems have influenced contemporary government
- Write key messages that promote sustainable self-rule
- Create posters showing ways to promote independence

How has colonial administration influenced contemporary government in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 29
- Constitution of Kenya 2010
- Charts and posters

- Written tests - Oral questions - Poster creation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Establishment of colonial rule - Promoting sustainable self-rule

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain ways of promoting sustainable self-rule in Kenya
- Identify civic engagement activities that strengthen independence
- Participate in community initiatives that promote national development

- Discuss civic engagement and community initiatives
- Create messages promoting sustainable self-rule
- Display posters in public places to promote civic responsibility

How can we maintain independence in our daily lives?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 30
- Charts and posters
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Poster displays

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Public participation - Concept and levels of participation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the concept of 'public' and public participation
- Identify levels of public participation as outlined in the Constitution
- Connect public participation to decision-making processes in school and community

- Brainstorm on the concept of 'public' and various levels of public participation
- Discuss information sharing, consultation, involvement, collaboration and empowerment
- Present findings using charts

What are the different levels of public participation in society?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 32
- Constitution of Kenya 2010
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Public participation - Fostering constitutional principles
Public participation - Emerging issues and challenges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the role of public participation in promoting accountability
- Analyse how public participation fosters transparency and inclusivity
- Demonstrate commitment to transparency by sharing information openly in group activities

- Discuss role of public participation in fostering constitutional principles
- Examine how public participation promotes accountability, transparency and inclusivity
- Use available resources to make presentations

How does public participation promote accountability, transparency and inclusivity?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 36
- Constitution of Kenya 2010
- Digital resources
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 38
- Digital resources
- Newspapers and magazines

- Oral questions - Observation - Peer assessment

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Public participation - Solutions and best practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Propose appropriate solutions to challenges affecting public participation
- Investigate best practices that promote sustainable public participation
- Apply best practices by organizing a public participation exercise in school

- Engage a resource person to establish best practices for sustainable public participation
- Discuss solutions to emerging issues
- Present key points in class

What are the best practices that promote sustainable public participation?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 39
- Resource persons
- Charts and posters

- Oral questions - Written tests - Observation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Public participation - Sustainable public participation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of sustainable public participation
- Identify activities that promote continuous citizen engagement
- Participate in a debate or public participation exercise at school level

- Hold a debate on the need to support public participation in society
- Discuss how to cultivate genuine interest in public participation
- Organize a public participation exercise in school

How can we promote sustainable public participation in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 40
- Digital resources
- Debate materials

- Debates - Observation - Peer assessment

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Public participation - Supporting public participation in society

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of supporting public participation
- Identify ways citizens can participate in governance
- Engage family and community members in discussions about civic responsibilities

- Discuss ways of supporting public participation in society
- Share experiences of public participation with family members
- Create awareness messages about public participation

Why should members of society be encouraged to participate in public affairs?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 41
- Charts and posters
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Creative presentations

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political and Constitutional developments - Self-government and Republic status

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the significance of self-government of 1st June 1963
- Describe the establishment of republic status on 12th December 1964
- Connect independence struggles to current national celebrations and their significance

- Use digital or print resources to establish major political developments since independence
- Discuss the significance of Madaraka Day and Jamhuri Day
- Create a timeline of key political developments

What was the significance of Kenya attaining self-government and republic status?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 42
- Digital resources
- Timeline materials

- Oral questions - Written tests - Timeline creation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political and Constitutional developments - Merger of political parties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the reasons for the merger of KANU and KADU
- Analyse the impact of the merger on Kenya's political landscape
- Relate party mergers to current political coalition dynamics in Kenya

- Research on the merger of KANU and KADU
- Discuss the impact of creating a de facto one-party state
- Present findings in class using charts

Why did KANU and KADU merge and what was the impact?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 44
- Reference books
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political and Constitutional developments - Repeal of Section 2A

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the significance of repealing Section 2A of the constitution
- Describe the restoration of multi-party democracy
- Connect the 1991 political reforms to current democratic freedoms enjoyed in Kenya

- Discuss the repeal of section 2A and its significance
- Research on the introduction of multi-party democracy in 1991
- Analyse the impact of multi-party elections

What was the significance of repealing Section 2A of the constitution?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 45
- Constitution documents
- Digital resources

- Written tests - Oral questions - Group presentations

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political and Constitutional developments - Promulgation of Constitution 2010

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process leading to the promulgation of the Constitution of Kenya 2010
- Describe the devolved system of government
- Identify how constitutional provisions affect daily life in Kenya

- Research on the referendum and promulgation of the Constitution 2010
- Discuss the new system of governance through devolution
- Draw the structure of the Kenyan government

What changes did the Constitution of Kenya 2010 bring to governance?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 47
- Constitution of Kenya 2010
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Diagram creation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political and Constitutional developments - Political challenges
Political and Constitutional developments - Post-election violence and ethnic clashes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify major political challenges since independence
- Analyse challenges such as political assassinations and attempted coups
- Discuss how historical political challenges inform current peace-building efforts

- Engage with a resource person to find out major political challenges
- Discuss political assassinations, one-party state and attempted coups
- Write summary points on key challenges

What are the major political challenges Kenya has faced since independence?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 48
- Resource persons
- Reference books
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 49
- Digital resources
- Newspapers

- Oral questions - Written tests - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political and Constitutional developments - Solutions to political challenges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Propose solutions to major political and constitutional challenges
- Explain the role of institutions like NCIC in promoting cohesion
- Commit to actions that promote peaceful political environment in school and community

- Hold discussions on possible solutions to political challenges
- Discuss the role of IEBC and NCIC
- Create charts showing solutions to various challenges

What solutions can address political and constitutional challenges in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 50
- Charts and posters
- Digital resources

- Oral questions - Written tests - Chart creation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Political and Constitutional developments - Promoting peaceful political environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify activities that promote a peaceful political environment
- Participate in activities that foster harmonious living
- Compose songs or poems promoting peaceful coexistence for school events

- Participate in activities that promote peaceful political environments
- Discuss community dialogue forums and civic education seminars
- Sing a song on peaceful coexistence for harmonious living

How can you promote peaceful coexistence in political activities in your community?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 51
- Song and poem materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Creative performances - Oral questions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Elections in Kenya - Guidelines governing elections

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify guidelines governing elections in Kenya
- Explain requirements for voters, candidates and political parties
- Apply election guidelines when organizing class or club elections

- Use print and non-print materials to search for guidelines governing elections
- Discuss guidelines for voters, candidates and political parties
- Present findings in class

What guidelines govern elections in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 54
- Constitution of Kenya 2010
- IEBC publications

- Oral questions - Written assignments - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Elections in Kenya - Roles and functions of IEBC

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the structure of IEBC
- Explain the roles and functions of IEBC in Kenya
- Design awareness messages about IEBC's role for display in school

- Brainstorm on the roles and functions of IEBC in Kenya
- Use charts/posters to enumerate the roles and functions of IEBC
- Design messages on IEBC roles and display in class

What are the roles and functions of IEBC in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 56
- IEBC publications
- Charts and posters

- Oral questions - Written tests - Poster creation

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Elections in Kenya - Electoral processes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the electoral processes in Kenya
- Arrange electoral processes in correct sequence
- Role play the electoral process during school elections

- Role play the electoral processes in school
- Present the electoral processes in Kenya
- Discuss stages from voter registration to announcement of results

What are the electoral processes in Kenya?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 58
- Role play materials
- Charts

- Observation - Role play assessment - Oral questions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Elections in Kenya - Election malpractices and IEBC measures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common election malpractices in Kenya
- Explain measures taken by IEBC to curb election malpractices
- Commit to ethical practices and reporting malpractices during elections

- Engage with a resource person to find out measures taken by IEBC to curb election malpractices
- Discuss malpractices such as bribery, ballot stuffing and violence
- Discuss values that help curb election malpractices

What measures has IEBC taken to curb election malpractices?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 59
- Resource persons
- Digital resources

- Written assignments - Oral questions - Group discussions

Themes in Kenyan History and Citizenship

Elections in Kenya - Technology and values in elections
Elections in Kenya - Appreciating IEBC's role in democracy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how technology is used in elections
- Identify values that promote free and fair elections
- Apply values of integrity and fairness in school election activities

- Discuss the use of biometric voter registration and electronic transmission of results
- Identify values such as integrity, fairness and patriotism
- Create messages promoting ethical electoral practices

How can technology and values promote free and fair elections?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 61
- Digital resources
- Charts and posters
- Charts and posters
- Display materials

- Oral questions - Written tests - Poster creation

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Transition from migratory to sedentary lifestyle - Development of agriculture
Transition from migratory to sedentary lifestyle - Climatic changes and availability of edible grains

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the factors that led to transition from migratory to sedentary lifestyle by early humans
- Analyse how development of agriculture influenced early human settlement
- Connect the development of early farming practices to modern agricultural methods in their community

- Use digital/print materials to research on the factors that led to transition from migratory to sedentary lifestyle by early humans
- Discuss how development of agriculture influenced early human settlement
- Summarise main points on charts/posters

How did daily life change due to shifting from a nomadic lifestyle to a sedentary life?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 70
- Digital devices
- Print materials
- Charts/posters
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 71
- Internet access
- Reference books
- Maps showing early settlement areas

- Oral questions - Observation - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Neolithic Revolution - Technological advancements and tool development
Neolithic Revolution - Contributions to modern society

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse advancements that took place during the Neolithic Revolution
- Describe the development of improved tools and weapons during this period
- Identify Neolithic-era innovations still used in modified forms today, such as pottery and weaving techniques

- Investigate and present using PowerPoint/locally available resources on advancements during the Neolithic Revolution
- Discuss how improved tools gave early humans greater mastery of the environment
- Create visual presentations of Neolithic tools

What technological innovations emerged during the Neolithic Revolution?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 72
- Digital devices
- Charts showing Neolithic tools
- Reference materials
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 73
- Documentaries
- Resource persons
- Digital devices

- Portfolio assessment - Observation - Written tests

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Pastoralism - Characteristics among the Maasai community
Pastoralism - Characteristics among the Fulani community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Classify the characteristics of pastoralism among the Maasai community
- Describe the nature of land, livestock types and climatic conditions in Maasai pastoralism
- Compare Maasai herding practices with livestock keeping in 's local community

- Investigate the characteristics of pastoralism among the Maasai community
- Use an atlas to locate the areas inhabited by the Maasai
- Report findings in class using charts/posters

What are the distinctive features of pastoralism among the Maasai?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 75
- Atlas
- Maps of East Africa
- Pictures of Maasai pastoralists
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 76
- Maps of West Africa
- Pictures of Fulani pastoralists
- Reference books

- Observation checklists - Oral questions - Written reports

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Challenges and solutions in contemporary pastoralism in Africa
Wanga Kingdom - Origin and formation
Wanga Kingdom - Political, social and economic developments

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Devise solutions to challenges facing contemporary pastoralism in Africa
- Analyse challenges such as drought, diseases, overstocking and insecurity
- Propose practical interventions that could help pastoral communities in 's county or region

- Design charts/posters showing solutions to challenges facing contemporary pastoralism
- Discuss how challenges affect pastoralism in Africa
- Propose solutions for each challenge identified

How can we address the challenges facing pastoralists in Africa today?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 77
- Charts/posters
- News articles on pastoralism challenges
- Digital resources
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 80
- Maps showing location of Wanga Kingdom
- Digital devices
- Reference books
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 81
- Charts
- Resource persons
- Historical documents

- Project-based assessment - Peer assessment - Oral presentations

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Aksum Empire - Origin and rise to power

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the factors for growth and development of the Aksum Empire
- Describe the origin and rise of the Aksum Empire
- Link the strategic location of Aksum along trade routes to the importance of modern ports like Mombasa in regional trade

- Research using digital/print materials on the origin of the Aksum Empire
- Discuss the factors that contributed to its rise
- Present findings using PowerPoint or charts

How did the Aksum Empire become one of the most powerful civilisations in ancient Africa?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 82
- Maps of ancient Ethiopia and Eritrea
- Digital devices
- Reference materials

- Written tests - Oral questions - Portfolio assessment

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Aksum Empire - Political, economic and cultural achievements

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse the political, economic and cultural achievements of the Aksum Empire
- Explain the significance of the Ge'ez script and adoption of Christianity
- Recognize the influence of ancient African writing systems on the preservation of cultural heritage today

- Watch documentaries on the achievements of the Aksum Empire
- Discuss the development of the Ge'ez script and trade networks
- Create visual presentations of Aksumite achievements

What were the major achievements of the Aksum Empire that influenced later civilisations?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 83
- Documentaries
- Pictures of Aksumite monuments
- Reference books

- Observation - Written assignments - Group presentations

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Kingdom of Rwanda - Formation and expansion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the factors for growth and development of the Kingdom of Rwanda
- Describe the formation and expansion of the Kingdom of Rwanda under various leaders
- Compare the unification efforts of Rwandan kings to modern efforts of national integration in African countries

- Read excerpts on the development of the Kingdom of Rwanda
- Discuss the role of King Gihanga and Ruganzu I Bwimba in expansion
- Write essays on the political developments

How did the Kingdom of Rwanda evolve from small chiefdoms to a centralised state?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 84
- Historical excerpts
- Maps of pre-colonial Rwanda
- Reference materials

- Essay writing - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Significance and contributions of African civilisations to modern society

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Examine the significance of ancient African civilisations and their contributions to modern society
- Explain how developments in governance, agriculture, trade and culture have influenced modern practices
- Identify modern institutions and systems in Kenya that have roots in pre-colonial governance structures

- Discuss the significance of ancient African civilisations to modern society
- Use case studies to explain how best practices are applied today
- Display findings on charts/posters

How have ancient African civilisations shaped modern governance, trade and cultural practices?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 85
- Case studies
- Charts/posters
- Digital resources

- Case study analysis - Written tests - Observation

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Application of best practices from early civilisations in modern society

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Deduce how best practices from selected early civilisations are applied in modern society
- Analyse political, economic and socio-cultural practices that continue today
- Propose ways to incorporate indigenous conflict resolution methods into school peace committees

- Conduct investigations using case studies/print sources
- Use tables to present how best practices are applied
- Draw or download pictures showing contributions of early civilisations
- Develop posters/charts for display

Which practices from early African civilisations can be adopted to solve modern challenges?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 86
- Case studies
- Pictures
- Charts/posters

- Project-based assessment - Rubrics - Oral presentations

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Contributions of early civilisations - Governance, trade and cultural heritage

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Document the contributions of early civilisations to governance, trade and cultural heritage
- Explain how traditional governance systems influenced modern political structures
- Value the preservation of indigenous knowledge by visiting or learning about local cultural sites

- Participate in class activities showing contributions of early civilisations
- Write journals documenting contributions
- Share findings with family members

Why is it important to preserve and learn from the achievements of early African civilisations?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 87
- Journals
- Reference materials
- Cultural artefacts

- Journal assessment - Reflective writing - Oral questions

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Berlin Conference - Significance in the scramble for Africa
Colonisation of Africa - Economic, political and strategic reasons

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Discuss the significance of the Berlin Conference in relation to scramble for and partition of Africa
- Explain the terms agreed upon by European nations during the conference
- Relate the arbitrary drawing of colonial boundaries to current border disputes between African nations

- Research on the significance of the Berlin Conference
- Discuss the terms agreed upon by European powers
- Draw charts showing outcomes of the conference

How did the Berlin Conference shape the colonisation of Africa?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 89
- Maps showing partition of Africa
- Digital devices
- Historical documents
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 92
- Charts
- Reference books
- Digital resources

- Written tests - Oral questions - Group discussions

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Key players who determined the colonisation of Africa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Evaluate how key players contributed to the colonisation of Africa
- Identify the roles of European monarchs, explorers, missionaries and chartered companies
- Analyse how the actions of historical figures like Cecil Rhodes continue to influence land ownership patterns in Southern Africa

- Engage with a resource person to identify key players in colonisation
- Research on the roles of missionaries, explorers, European powers and trading companies
- Match key players with their roles in colonisation

How did different actors contribute to the colonisation of Africa?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 93
- Pictures of key figures
- Resource persons
- Reference materials

- Matching exercises - Oral questions - Written tests

Themes in African History and Citizenship

African leaders and their responses to colonisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Analyse the role of African leaders who either resisted or collaborated with colonialists
- Evaluate the strategies used by African leaders in responding to colonisation
- Draw lessons from resistance leaders for addressing contemporary challenges of external interference in African affairs

- Research on African leaders who resisted or collaborated with colonial powers
- Discuss the strategies they employed
- Present findings through role play or class presentations

What roles did African leaders play during the colonisation of Africa?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 94
- Historical accounts
- Pictures of African leaders
- Reference books

- Role play assessment - Observation - Written assignments

Themes in African History and Citizenship

Why the end of colonisation was necessary
End of colonisation - Promoting national pride and self-determination

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Justify why the end of colonisation in Africa was necessary
- Explain the negative impacts of colonial rule on African societies
- Connect the struggles for independence to ongoing efforts to achieve economic self-determination in African countries

- Read articles on the negative impacts of colonisation
- Discuss factors that contributed to decolonisation
- Debate on whether colonialism needed to end for Africa to prosper

Why was the end of colonial rule necessary for African development?

- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 95
- Newspaper articles
- Historical documents
- Digital resources
- Oxford Evolving World Bk 10 pg. 96
- Creative writing materials
- Song/poem collections
- Reference materials

- Debate performance - Written essays - Oral questions