Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Classification of real numbers
Real Numbers - Properties of rational numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define rational and irrational numbers
- Classify numbers as rational or irrational
- Appreciate the importance of number systems

- Discuss examples of rational and irrational numbers from daily life
- Work in groups to classify given numbers
- Use digital devices to explore properties of real numbers

What makes a number rational or irrational?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Number cards
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Properties of irrational numbers
Real Numbers - Addition and subtraction of rational numbers
Real Numbers - Multiplication of rational numbers
Real Numbers - Division of rational numbers
Real Numbers - Order of operations (BODMAS)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify irrational numbers
- Explain properties of irrational numbers
- Appreciate the uniqueness of irrational numbers

- Search for information on famous irrational numbers (π, √2, e)
- Discuss why certain numbers are irrational
- Use calculators to approximate irrational numbers

Why can't irrational numbers be expressed as fractions?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Number cards
- Charts
- Charts showing BODMAS

- Observation - Written tests - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Complex combined operations
Real Numbers - Finding reciprocals
Real Numbers - Properties of reciprocals

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve complex problems with multiple operations
- Apply BODMAS in varied contexts
- Demonstrate confidence in handling complex calculations

- Solve challenging problems involving brackets and multiple operations
- Work with peers on problem-solving tasks
- Use calculators to verify answers

How do we handle calculations with multiple nested operations?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Digital resources
- Number cards
- Charts

- Class activities - Written assignments - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Real numbers in measurements
Real Numbers - Real numbers in blood pressure and other contexts
Real Numbers - Consolidation and assessment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply real numbers in measuring temperature
- Use real numbers in recording measurements
- Appreciate practical applications of real numbers

- Discuss use of real numbers in body temperature measurements
- Practice reading and recording temperatures
- Explore other measurement applications

How are real numbers used in health and medicine?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Thermometers
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Calculators
- Assessment papers

- Observation - Oral questions - Class activities

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Powers and bases
Indices - Writing numbers in index form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the terms base and power
- Express numbers in index form
- Appreciate the importance of indices

- Discuss what indices are and why they are useful
- Practice writing numbers in index form
- Express repeated multiplication using indices

What are indices and why do we use them?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Number cards
- Charts
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Expanded form and standard form
Indices - Multiplication law (a^m × a^n = a^(m+n))
Indices - Division law (a^m ÷ a^n = a^(m-n))

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write numbers in expanded form
- Convert between index form and expanded form
- Demonstrate understanding of place value

- Write index numbers in expanded form
- Practice converting between different forms
- Work with peers on conversion exercises

How does expanded form help us understand indices better?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Number cards
- Digital devices
- Calculators
- Charts showing laws of indices
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Power law ((a^m)^n = a^(mn))
Indices - Zero and negative indices
Indices - Combined application of laws

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the power law of indices
- Apply the power law in simplifications
- Show confidence in using the law

- Explore what happens when raising a power to another power
- Practice applying the power law
- Solve problems involving the power law

What is the rule for a power raised to another power?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Digital resources
- Charts
- Mathematical tables

- Written tests - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Scientific notation
Indices - Real-life applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Express numbers in scientific notation
- Convert between standard and scientific notation
- Appreciate use of indices in science

- Search for information on population figures and express in scientific notation
- Practice writing very large and very small numbers
- Discuss applications in science and technology

How does scientific notation help in handling very large or small numbers?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Class activities - Written assignments - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Consolidation and assessment
Quadratic Equations - Forming algebraic expressions
Quadratic Equations - Understanding quadratic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate understanding of all laws of indices
- Apply indices in varied contexts
- Show mastery of index operations

- Review all concepts in Indices
- Complete practice exercises
- Work on assessment tasks
- Discuss problem-solving strategies

How confident am I in working with indices?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Assessment papers
- Charts
- Number cards
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Class activities - Portfolio assessment

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Area applications
Quadratic Equations - Arrangement problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form quadratic expressions from area problems
- Relate quadratic expressions to rectangles
- Demonstrate problem-solving skills

- Read scenarios about areas of rectangles with unknown sides
- Form quadratic expressions for given situations
- Practice with varied area problems

How do area problems lead to quadratic expressions?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Grid paper
- Charts
- Objects for arrangement

- Written tests - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Forming quadratic equations
Quadratic Equations - Factors and products
Quadratic Equations - Common factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between expressions and equations
- Form quadratic equations from statements
- Show accuracy in equation formation

- Discuss the difference between expressions and equations
- Practice forming equations from word problems
- Work in groups to create equations

What is the difference between a quadratic expression and equation?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Number cards
- Digital devices

- Observation - Written tests - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Factorising quadratics (x² + bx + c)
Quadratic Equations - Factorising quadratics (ax² + bx + c)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Factorise simple quadratic expressions
- Apply the sum and product method
- Demonstrate accuracy in factorisation

- Learn the sum and product method for factorisation
- Practice factorising expressions of the form x² + bx + c
- Work with peers on factorisation tasks

How do we factorise quadratic expressions?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Calculators
- Digital resources

- Class activities - Written assignments - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Solving by factorisation (simple)
Quadratic Equations - Solving by factorisation (complex)
Quadratic Equations - Area and measurement problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve simple quadratic equations by factorisation
- Apply the zero product property
- Show systematic problem-solving approach

- Learn that if ab = 0, then a = 0 or b = 0
- Practice solving equations by factorisation
- Work through step-by-step solutions

How do we use factorisation to solve quadratic equations?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Calculators
- Digital devices
- Grid paper

- Observation - Written assignments - Class activities

Numbers and Algebra
Measurements and Geometry

Quadratic Equations - Word problems
Quadratic Equations - Comprehensive review
Similarity and Enlargement - Similar figures and shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Translate word problems into quadratic equations
- Solve and interpret solutions
- Show confidence in problem-solving

- Practice converting word problems to equations
- Solve various real-life scenarios
- Interpret solutions in context

How do we approach word problems involving quadratics?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Calculators
- Assessment papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Geometrical set
- Objects with shapes of different polygons

- Written tests - Oral questions - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Properties of similar figures
Similarity and Enlargement - Scale factor
Similarity and Enlargement - Enlargement of figures
Similarity and Enlargement - Centre of enlargement
Similarity and Enlargement - Positive and negative scale factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the properties of similar figures
- Determine corresponding sides and angles of similar figures
- Show interest in exploring properties of similar figures

- Discuss properties of similar figures in groups
- Measure and compare corresponding sides of similar figures
- Identify corresponding angles in similar figures
- Present findings to peers

How do we identify corresponding parts in similar figures?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Protractors
- Triangular cut outs
- Drawing tools
- Calculators
- Similar figures models
- Graph papers
- Geometrical set
- Digital devices

- Class activities - Written assignments - Observation

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Enlargement with negative scale factors
Similarity and Enlargement - Applications of similarity
Similarity and Enlargement - Problem solving
Reflection - Lines of symmetry

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Enlarge figures using negative scale factors
- Determine the position of images under negative scale factors
- Appreciate transformations using negative scale factors

- Enlarge given figures using negative scale factors
- Compare images with positive and negative scale factors
- Work in groups to analyze effects of negative scale factors
- Present findings to class

What happens to a figure when enlarged with a negative scale factor?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Graph papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Models of similar figures
- Calculators
- Measuring tools
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Real-world problem scenarios
- Paper for folding
- Shapes and polygons
- Mirrors

- Class activities - Rating scale - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Reflection - Properties of reflection
Reflection - Reflection on a plane surface
Reflection - Reflection on Cartesian plane

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State properties of reflection
- Verify properties using mirror and objects
- Show interest in exploring reflection properties

- Use mirrors to observe reflection properties
- Measure distances from object and image to mirror line
- Work in groups to verify reflection properties
- Record observations systematically

What are the properties of reflection?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Mirrors
- Rulers
- Objects for reflection
- Drawing tools
- Graph papers
- Geometrical set
- Calculators

- Class activities - Observation - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Reflection - Reflection in y = x and y = -x
Reflection - Determining mirror line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Reflect objects in the lines y = x and y = -x
- Determine image coordinates after reflection
- Appreciate special cases of reflection

- Reflect shapes in the line y = x
- Reflect shapes in the line y = -x
- Compare results of different reflections
- Work with peers to explore patterns

What happens when we reflect in the lines y = x and y = -x?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Graph papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Geometrical set
- Compasses

- Class activities - Written assignments - Projects

Measurements and Geometry

Reflection - Successive reflections
Reflection - Applications of reflection
Reflection - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Perform successive reflections
- Analyze results of successive reflections
- Appreciate the relationship between reflections and other transformations

- Reflect objects in two parallel mirror lines
- Reflect objects in two intersecting mirror lines
- Compare successive reflections to single transformations
- Work with peers to explore patterns

What transformation results from successive reflections?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Graph papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Digital devices
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Real-life examples
- Calculators
- Problem scenarios

- Class written tests - Portfolio - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Pythagorean theorem
Trigonometry - Trigonometric ratios

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the Pythagorean theorem
- Apply Pythagorean theorem to find unknown sides
- Appreciate the theorem in solving real-life problems

- Verify Pythagorean theorem using right-angled triangles
- Calculate unknown sides using the theorem
- Solve problems involving right-angled triangles
- Work with peers to practice applications

What is the relationship between sides of a right-angled triangle?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Geometrical set
- Right-angled triangle models
- Drawing tools

- Observation - Oral questions - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Sine of acute angles
Trigonometry - Cosine of acute angles
Trigonometry - Tangent of acute angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate sine of acute angles
- Use sine ratio to find unknown sides
- Appreciate the application of sine ratio

- Calculate sine ratios from right-angled triangles
- Use calculators to find sine values
- Solve problems involving sine ratio
- Work in groups to practice calculations

How do we use the sine ratio?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Geometrical set
- Right-angled triangle models

- Class written tests - Oral questions - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Complementary angles
Trigonometry - Finding angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define complementary angles
- Relate sine and cosine of complementary angles
- Show interest in exploring angle relationships

- Identify complementary angles in right-angled triangles
- Verify relationships between sine and cosine of complementary angles
- Calculate trigonometric ratios of complementary angles
- Discuss patterns observed with peers

What is the relationship between sine and cosine of complementary angles?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Mathematical tables
- Geometrical set

- Class activities - Observation - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Angles of elevation
Trigonometry - Angles of depression
Trigonometry - Bearings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define angle of elevation
- Apply trigonometric ratios to angles of elevation
- Show interest in solving practical problems

- Draw and identify angles of elevation in diagrams
- Solve problems involving angles of elevation
- Measure angles of elevation in the school compound
- Work with peers on practical applications

What is an angle of elevation and how is it used?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Clinometers
- Measuring tapes
- Drawing tools
- Rulers
- Problem scenarios
- Protractors
- Compass

- Class activities - Rating scale - Observation

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Three-dimensional problems
Trigonometry - Area using sine

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve trigonometric problems in three dimensions
- Draw diagrams for 3D problems
- Appreciate applications in real-world contexts

- Identify right-angled triangles in 3D figures
- Solve problems involving cuboids and pyramids
- Work in groups to tackle 3D problems
- Use models to visualize 3D situations

How do we apply trigonometry to three-dimensional problems?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- 3D models
- Drawing tools
- Rulers
- Protractors

- Class written tests - Observation - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Heron's formula
Trigonometry - Applications
Area of Polygons - Basic area formulas

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State Heron's formula
- Calculate area of triangle using three sides
- Show accuracy in using Heron's formula

- Learn Heron's formula for area calculation
- Calculate semi-perimeter of triangles
- Apply Heron's formula to find areas
- Work in groups to practice calculations

How do we find the area of a triangle when given all three sides?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Triangle models
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Real-world problem scenarios
- Graph papers
- Shape models

- Class written tests - Rating scale - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Area of parallelogram
Area of Polygons - Area of rhombus
Area of Polygons - Area of trapezium

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Derive the formula for area of parallelogram
- Calculate area of parallelogram
- Show precision in measurements

- Cut and rearrange parallelogram to form rectangle
- Derive area formula from rectangle
- Calculate areas of parallelograms
- Work in groups to measure and calculate

How is the area of a parallelogram related to a rectangle?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Paper for cutting
- Drawing tools
- Parallelogram models
- Rhombus models
- Calculators
- Graph papers
- Trapezium models

- Class activities - Written assignments - Rating scale

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Area of kite
Area of Polygons - Area of regular pentagon

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for area of kite
- Calculate area using diagonals
- Appreciate the relationship between kite and rhombus

- Identify properties of kites
- Measure diagonals and calculate area
- Compare area formulas of kite and rhombus
- Work with peers to explore patterns

How is the area of a kite calculated?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Kite models
- Calculators
- Protractors
- Pentagon models

- Class written tests - Rating scale - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Area of regular hexagon
Area of Polygons - Composite shapes
Area of Polygons - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Partition regular hexagon into triangles
- Calculate area of regular hexagon
- Appreciate patterns in regular polygons

- Divide regular hexagon into triangles
- Calculate area using triangulation method
- Explore alternative methods
- Work with peers to solve problems

How do we calculate the area of a regular hexagon?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Protractors
- Drawing tools
- Hexagon models
- Graph papers
- Calculators
- Problem scenarios
- Reference materials

- Class written tests - Portfolio - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Applications
Area of Part of Circle - Circle properties

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply area concepts in construction and design
- Solve problems involving flooring and painting
- Value the importance of area in daily life

- Calculate materials needed for flooring
- Estimate paint required for surfaces
- Work on design projects using area concepts
- Share findings with peers

How is knowledge of area used in construction and design?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Real-world scenarios
- Digital resources
- Drawing tools
- Compasses
- Rulers
- Circular objects

- Class activities - Projects - Rating scale

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Part of Circle - Arc length
Area of Part of Circle - Area of sector
Area of Part of Circle - Area of segment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define arc and arc length
- Calculate arc length given radius and angle
- Appreciate the relationship between arc and circumference

- Identify arcs in circles
- Derive formula for arc length
- Calculate arc lengths in different circles
- Work in groups to solve problems

How do we calculate the length of an arc?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Compasses
- Rulers
- Protractors
- Calculators
- Drawing tools

- Class activities - Written assignments - Rating scale

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Part of Circle - Minor and major parts
Area of Part of Circle - Applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between minor and major sectors
- Calculate areas of both minor and major parts
- Show accuracy in identifying and calculating

- Identify minor and major sectors and segments
- Calculate areas of both types
- Compare minor and major areas
- Work with peers to solve problems

What is the difference between minor and major sectors?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Compasses
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Calculators
- Real-world examples
- Digital resources

- Class written tests - Rating scale - Observation

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Part of Circle - Problem solving
Surface Area of Solids - 3D shapes review
Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of cone

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve complex problems involving parts of circles
- Apply multiple concepts in single problems
- Demonstrate mastery of circle area concepts

- Solve challenging word problems
- Work on problems requiring multiple steps
- Apply concepts to practical scenarios
- Share solutions with peers

How can we use our knowledge of circle parts to solve complex problems?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Problem scenarios
- Drawing tools
- Graph papers
- Models of solids
- Rulers
- Geometrical set
- Cone models
- Paper for nets

- Class written tests - Portfolio - Rating scale

Measurements and Geometry

Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of pyramid
Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of sphere

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify types of pyramids
- Calculate surface area of pyramids
- Appreciate the relationship between net and surface area

- Make models of pyramids from nets
- Calculate area of base and triangular faces
- Sum areas to find total surface area
- Work with peers on different pyramids

How do we calculate the surface area of a pyramid?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Pyramid models
- Paper for nets
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Spherical objects
- Rulers for measuring
- Models

- Class written tests - Rating scale - Observation

Measurements and Geometry

Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of hemisphere
Surface Area of Solids - Frustum of cone
Surface Area of Solids - Frustum of pyramid

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate hemisphere to sphere
- Calculate surface area of hemisphere
- Appreciate curved and flat surfaces

- Cut sphere model to form hemisphere
- Identify curved surface and flat base
- Calculate total surface area
- Work with peers to practice calculations

How is the surface area of a hemisphere calculated?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Hemisphere models
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Drawing tools
- Frustum models
- Buckets and containers
- Paper for nets

- Class written tests - Projects - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Surface Area of Solids - Composite solids
Surface Area of Solids - Applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify component solids in composite shapes
- Calculate surface area of composite solids
- Appreciate complexity in real objects

- Break down composite solids into basic shapes
- Calculate surface area of each component
- Account for hidden surfaces
- Work in groups to solve problems

How do we find the surface area of composite solids?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Models of composite solids
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Drawing tools
- Real-world scenarios
- Digital resources
- Models

- Class activities - Projects - Rating scale

Measurements and Geometry

Volume and Capacity - Volume of cone
Volume and Capacity - Volume of pyramid
Volume and Capacity - Volume of sphere

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for volume of cone
- Calculate volume of cone
- Show precision in volume calculations

- Use cylinder and cone of same dimensions
- Establish relationship between volumes
- Apply formula to calculate volumes
- Work with peers to verify relationship

How is the volume of a cone related to that of a cylinder?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Cone and cylinder models
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Sand or water for verification
- Pyramid models
- Drawing tools
- Spherical objects
- Models

- Observation - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Volume and Capacity - Volume of frustum of cone
Volume and Capacity - Volume of frustum of pyramid
Volume and Capacity - Capacity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate volume of frustum of cone
- Apply formula in practical situations
- Appreciate uses of frustums

- Derive formula by subtracting volumes
- Calculate volumes of frustums
- Measure actual containers to find capacity
- Work in groups on practical problems

How do we find the volume of a frustum of a cone?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Frustum containers
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Measuring cylinders
- Frustum models
- Drawing tools
- Various containers

- Class activities - Projects - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Volume and Capacity - Composite solids
Volume and Capacity - Applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate volumes of composite solids
- Break down complex shapes into components
- Show accuracy in volume calculations

- Identify component solids in composite shapes
- Calculate volume of each part
- Sum or subtract volumes as appropriate
- Work with peers on complex problems

How do we find the volume of composite solids?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Models of composite solids
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Drawing tools
- Real containers
- Digital resources
- Problem scenarios

- Class written tests - Projects - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Commercial Arithmetic - Budgeting
Commercial Arithmetic - Discount
Commercial Arithmetic - Percentage discount

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a budget
- Prepare simple budgets
- Appreciate the importance of budgeting

- Brainstorm sources of income for clubs
- List expected expenditures
- Prepare a budget for school club
- Work in groups to plan budgets

Why is budgeting important?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Sample budgets
- Calculators
- Chart papers
- Drawing tools
- Price tags
- Shopping scenarios
- Play money
- Price lists
- Shopping advertisements

- Observation - Projects - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Commercial Arithmetic - Commission
Commercial Arithmetic - Profit and loss

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define commission
- Calculate commission amounts
- Show interest in trading concepts

- Discuss scenarios where commission is paid
- Calculate commission for sales agents
- Role play selling with commission
- Work with peers to solve problems

What is commission and when is it paid?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Sales scenarios
- Chart papers
- Play money
- Trading scenarios
- Price lists

- Class activities - Observation - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Commercial Arithmetic - Currency conversion
Commercial Arithmetic - Applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use exchange rate tables
- Convert between different currencies
- Show accuracy in conversions

- Study exchange rate tables
- Convert Kenyan shillings to other currencies
- Convert foreign currencies to Kenyan shillings
- Work with peers on conversion problems

How do we convert between different currencies?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Exchange rate tables
- Calculators
- Newspapers with rates
- Sample currencies
- Real-world scenarios
- Digital resources
- Problem cases

- Class activities - Rating scale - Oral questions