Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Classification of real numbers
Real Numbers - Properties of rational numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define rational and irrational numbers
- Classify numbers as rational or irrational
- Appreciate the importance of number systems

- Discuss examples of rational and irrational numbers from daily life
- Work in groups to classify given numbers
- Use digital devices to explore properties of real numbers

What makes a number rational or irrational?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Number cards
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Properties of irrational numbers
Real Numbers - Addition and subtraction of rational numbers
Real Numbers - Multiplication of rational numbers
Real Numbers - Division of rational numbers
Real Numbers - Order of operations (BODMAS)
Real Numbers - Complex combined operations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify irrational numbers
- Explain properties of irrational numbers
- Appreciate the uniqueness of irrational numbers

- Search for information on famous irrational numbers (π, √2, e)
- Discuss why certain numbers are irrational
- Use calculators to approximate irrational numbers

Why can't irrational numbers be expressed as fractions?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Number cards
- Charts
- Charts showing BODMAS

- Observation - Written tests - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Finding reciprocals
Real Numbers - Properties of reciprocals
Real Numbers - Real numbers in measurements

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the term reciprocal
- Find reciprocals of real numbers
- Appreciate the concept of reciprocals

- Discuss the meaning of reciprocal
- Practice finding reciprocals of fractions and whole numbers
- Use calculators to find reciprocals of decimals

What is the relationship between a number and its reciprocal?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Number cards
- Charts
- Thermometers
- Digital devices

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Real numbers in blood pressure and other contexts
Real Numbers - Consolidation and assessment
Indices - Powers and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply real numbers in recording blood pressure
- Identify other real-life uses of real numbers
- Show responsibility in health-related contexts

- Discuss blood pressure readings and their interpretation
- Explore use of real numbers in banking, sports, and weather
- Work in groups to present applications of real numbers

Where else do we encounter real numbers in daily life?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Calculators
- Assessment papers
- Number cards

- Written tests - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Writing numbers in index form
Indices - Expanded form and standard form
Indices - Multiplication law (a^m × a^n = a^(m+n))

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Write large numbers in index form
- Express numbers using prime factorization
- Show accuracy in notation

- Read heights and weights and express them in index form
- Practice prime factorization of numbers
- Write numbers as products of prime factors in index form

How can index notation simplify large numbers?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Charts
- Number cards
- Digital devices
- Charts showing laws of indices

- Class activities - Written tests - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Division law (a^m ÷ a^n = a^(m-n))
Indices - Power law ((a^m)^n = a^(mn))
Indices - Zero and negative indices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the division law of indices
- Apply the division law in calculations
- Demonstrate accuracy in computations

- Derive the division law from examples
- Practice dividing powers with the same base
- Work in groups to solve division problems

How does the division law relate to the multiplication law?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Charts
- Digital resources

- Class activities - Written assignments - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Combined application of laws
Indices - Scientific notation
Indices - Real-life applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply multiple laws of indices together
- Simplify complex index expressions
- Show systematic problem-solving skills

- Work on problems requiring multiple laws
- Practice simplifying complex expressions
- Work with peers on challenging tasks

How do we combine different laws of indices in one problem?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Mathematical tables
- Digital resources
- Internet access
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Written tests - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Consolidation and assessment
Quadratic Equations - Forming algebraic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate understanding of all laws of indices
- Apply indices in varied contexts
- Show mastery of index operations

- Review all concepts in Indices
- Complete practice exercises
- Work on assessment tasks
- Discuss problem-solving strategies

How confident am I in working with indices?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Assessment papers
- Charts
- Number cards

- Written tests - Class activities - Portfolio assessment

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Understanding quadratic expressions
Quadratic Equations - Area applications
Quadratic Equations - Arrangement problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define quadratic expressions
- Identify quadratic expressions
- Show interest in learning about quadratics

- Discuss what makes an expression quadratic
- Identify the highest power in quadratic expressions
- Compare linear and quadratic expressions

What distinguishes a quadratic expression from other expressions?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Rulers
- Grid paper
- Objects for arrangement

- Class activities - Written assignments - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Forming quadratic equations
Quadratic Equations - Factors and products
Quadratic Equations - Common factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between expressions and equations
- Form quadratic equations from statements
- Show accuracy in equation formation

- Discuss the difference between expressions and equations
- Practice forming equations from word problems
- Work in groups to create equations

What is the difference between a quadratic expression and equation?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Digital resources
- Number cards
- Digital devices

- Observation - Written tests - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Factorising quadratics (x² + bx + c)
Quadratic Equations - Factorising quadratics (ax² + bx + c)
Quadratic Equations - Solving by factorisation (simple)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Factorise simple quadratic expressions
- Apply the sum and product method
- Demonstrate accuracy in factorisation

- Learn the sum and product method for factorisation
- Practice factorising expressions of the form x² + bx + c
- Work with peers on factorisation tasks

How do we factorise quadratic expressions?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Charts
- Calculators
- Digital resources

- Class activities - Written assignments - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Solving by factorisation (complex)
Quadratic Equations - Area and measurement problems
Quadratic Equations - Word problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve complex quadratic equations
- Verify solutions by substitution
- Demonstrate mastery of the factorisation method

- Work on equations requiring more complex factorisation
- Practice verifying solutions
- Solve word problems leading to quadratic equations

How do we handle more challenging quadratic equations?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Digital devices
- Grid paper
- Charts
- Digital resources

- Written tests - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra
Measurements and Geometry
Measurements and Geometry
Measurements and Geometry
Measurements and Geometry

Quadratic Equations - Comprehensive review
Similarity and Enlargement - Similar figures and shapes
Similarity and Enlargement - Properties of similar figures
Similarity and Enlargement - Scale factor
Similarity and Enlargement - Enlargement of figures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate understanding of all quadratic concepts
- Apply learned skills in varied contexts
- Show mastery of factorisation and solving

- Review formation, factorisation, and solving of quadratics
- Work on comprehensive practice exercises
- Complete assessment tasks
- Discuss challenging concepts

How well do I understand quadratic equations and their applications?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Assessment papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Geometrical set
- Objects with shapes of different polygons
- Protractors
- Triangular cut outs
- Similar figures models
- Graph papers

- Written tests - Portfolio assessment - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Centre of enlargement
Similarity and Enlargement - Positive and negative scale factors
Similarity and Enlargement - Enlargement with negative scale factors
Similarity and Enlargement - Applications of similarity
Similarity and Enlargement - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define centre of enlargement
- Locate the centre of enlargement
- Appreciate the role of centre of enlargement in transformation

- Identify centre of enlargement from given figures
- Enlarge figures from a given centre
- Work in groups to determine centres of enlargement
- Use digital devices to explore enlargement

What is the importance of centre of enlargement?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Graph papers
- Drawing tools
- Digital devices
- Geometrical set
- Models of similar figures
- Calculators
- Measuring tools
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Real-world problem scenarios

- Observation - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Reflection - Lines of symmetry
Reflection - Properties of reflection
Reflection - Reflection on a plane surface

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define line of symmetry
- Identify lines of symmetry in plane figures
- Appreciate symmetry in nature and art

- Fold paper to identify lines of symmetry
- Draw lines of symmetry on various shapes
- Count lines of symmetry in different polygons
- Discuss symmetry in natural objects

What is a line of symmetry?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Paper for folding
- Shapes and polygons
- Mirrors
- Objects for reflection
- Drawing tools
- Graph papers
- Geometrical set

- Observation - Oral questions - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Reflection - Reflection on Cartesian plane
Reflection - Reflection in y = x and y = -x
Reflection - Determining mirror line

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Reflect objects on the Cartesian plane
- Determine coordinates of image points
- Show precision in plotting and reflecting on Cartesian plane

- Plot points and reflect them on Cartesian plane
- Reflect shapes across x-axis and y-axis
- Calculate coordinates of image points
- Work in groups to practice reflections

How do we perform reflection on the Cartesian plane?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Graph papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Calculators
- Geometrical set
- Compasses

- Class written tests - Observation - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Reflection - Successive reflections
Reflection - Applications of reflection
Reflection - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Perform successive reflections
- Analyze results of successive reflections
- Appreciate the relationship between reflections and other transformations

- Reflect objects in two parallel mirror lines
- Reflect objects in two intersecting mirror lines
- Compare successive reflections to single transformations
- Work with peers to explore patterns

What transformation results from successive reflections?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Graph papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Digital devices
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Real-life examples
- Calculators
- Problem scenarios

- Class written tests - Portfolio - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Pythagorean theorem
Trigonometry - Trigonometric ratios
Trigonometry - Sine of acute angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the Pythagorean theorem
- Apply Pythagorean theorem to find unknown sides
- Appreciate the theorem in solving real-life problems

- Verify Pythagorean theorem using right-angled triangles
- Calculate unknown sides using the theorem
- Solve problems involving right-angled triangles
- Work with peers to practice applications

What is the relationship between sides of a right-angled triangle?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Geometrical set
- Right-angled triangle models
- Drawing tools
- Scientific calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Cosine of acute angles
Trigonometry - Tangent of acute angles
Trigonometry - Complementary angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate cosine of acute angles
- Use cosine ratio to find unknown sides
- Show precision in using cosine ratio

- Calculate cosine ratios from right-angled triangles
- Use calculators to find cosine values
- Solve problems involving cosine ratio
- Compare sine and cosine ratios

How do we use the cosine ratio?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Right-angled triangle models
- Geometrical set
- Mathematical tables

- Class activities - Written assignments - Observation

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Finding angles
Trigonometry - Angles of elevation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use inverse trigonometric functions
- Calculate angles from given trigonometric ratios
- Appreciate the use of inverse functions

- Use calculators to find angles from sine, cosine and tangent values
- Solve problems requiring angle calculation
- Work in groups to practice finding angles
- Verify answers using different methods

How do we find angles using trigonometric ratios?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Geometrical set
- Clinometers
- Measuring tapes

- Class written tests - Projects - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Angles of depression
Trigonometry - Bearings
Trigonometry - Three-dimensional problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define angle of depression
- Apply trigonometric ratios to angles of depression
- Appreciate the relationship between angles of elevation and depression

- Draw and identify angles of depression in diagrams
- Solve problems involving angles of depression
- Compare angles of elevation and depression
- Work in groups to solve practical problems

What is an angle of depression and how does it relate to angle of elevation?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Drawing tools
- Rulers
- Problem scenarios
- Protractors
- Compass
- 3D models

- Class written tests - Written assignments - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Trigonometry - Area using sine
Trigonometry - Heron's formula
Trigonometry - Applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for area using sine
- Calculate area of triangle given two sides and included angle
- Appreciate alternative methods of finding area

- Derive the formula for area using sine ratio
- Calculate areas of triangles using the formula
- Compare with traditional area formula
- Work with peers to solve problems

How can we find the area of a triangle using trigonometry?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Scientific calculators
- Rulers
- Protractors
- Drawing tools
- Triangle models
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Real-world problem scenarios

- Class activities - Written assignments - Projects

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Basic area formulas
Area of Polygons - Area of parallelogram
Area of Polygons - Area of rhombus

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Recall area formulas for basic shapes
- Calculate areas of rectangles, squares and triangles
- Appreciate the foundation for complex shapes

- Calculate areas of rectangles and squares
- Calculate areas of triangles using base and height
- Work with peers to solve area problems
- Discuss applications of area in daily life

Why do we need to find areas of shapes?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Graph papers
- Drawing tools
- Shape models
- Paper for cutting
- Parallelogram models
- Rhombus models
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Area of trapezium
Area of Polygons - Area of kite
Area of Polygons - Area of regular pentagon

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Derive formula for area of trapezium
- Calculate area of trapezium
- Show accuracy in calculations

- Partition trapezium into triangles and rectangles
- Derive area formula
- Calculate areas of trapeziums
- Work in groups to practice calculations

How do we calculate the area of a trapezium?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Graph papers
- Drawing tools
- Trapezium models
- Kite models
- Calculators
- Protractors
- Pentagon models

- Class activities - Projects - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Area of regular hexagon
Area of Polygons - Composite shapes
Area of Polygons - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Partition regular hexagon into triangles
- Calculate area of regular hexagon
- Appreciate patterns in regular polygons

- Divide regular hexagon into triangles
- Calculate area using triangulation method
- Explore alternative methods
- Work with peers to solve problems

How do we calculate the area of a regular hexagon?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Rulers
- Protractors
- Drawing tools
- Hexagon models
- Graph papers
- Calculators
- Problem scenarios
- Reference materials

- Class written tests - Portfolio - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Polygons - Applications
Area of Part of Circle - Circle properties
Area of Part of Circle - Arc length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply area concepts in construction and design
- Solve problems involving flooring and painting
- Value the importance of area in daily life

- Calculate materials needed for flooring
- Estimate paint required for surfaces
- Work on design projects using area concepts
- Share findings with peers

How is knowledge of area used in construction and design?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Real-world scenarios
- Digital resources
- Drawing tools
- Compasses
- Rulers
- Circular objects
- Protractors

- Class activities - Projects - Rating scale

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Part of Circle - Area of sector
Area of Part of Circle - Area of segment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a sector
- Calculate area of sector
- Show precision in sector calculations

- Identify sectors in circles
- Derive formula for area of sector
- Calculate areas of sectors with different angles
- Work with peers to practice calculations

How do we find the area of a sector?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Compasses
- Rulers
- Protractors
- Calculators
- Drawing tools

- Class written tests - Observation - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Area of Part of Circle - Minor and major parts
Area of Part of Circle - Applications
Area of Part of Circle - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between minor and major sectors
- Calculate areas of both minor and major parts
- Show accuracy in identifying and calculating

- Identify minor and major sectors and segments
- Calculate areas of both types
- Compare minor and major areas
- Work with peers to solve problems

What is the difference between minor and major sectors?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Compasses
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Calculators
- Real-world examples
- Digital resources
- Problem scenarios
- Graph papers

- Class written tests - Rating scale - Observation

Measurements and Geometry

Surface Area of Solids - 3D shapes review
Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of cone
Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of pyramid

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify common 3D shapes
- Name parts of 3D solids
- Show interest in exploring surface areas

- Identify cubes, cuboids, cylinders in environment
- Name faces, edges, vertices of solids
- Handle models of 3D shapes
- Discuss properties with peers

What are the properties of common 3D shapes?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Models of solids
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Geometrical set
- Cone models
- Paper for nets
- Calculators
- Pyramid models

- Observation - Oral questions - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of sphere
Surface Area of Solids - Surface area of hemisphere
Surface Area of Solids - Frustum of cone

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for surface area of sphere
- Calculate surface area of sphere
- Show accuracy in calculations

- Use spherical objects to explore surface area
- Apply formula for surface area of sphere
- Calculate surface areas of different spheres
- Work in groups to solve problems

How do we find the surface area of a sphere?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Spherical objects
- Rulers for measuring
- Calculators
- Models
- Hemisphere models
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Frustum models
- Buckets and containers

- Class activities - Observation - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Surface Area of Solids - Frustum of pyramid
Surface Area of Solids - Composite solids
Surface Area of Solids - Applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify frustum of pyramid
- Calculate surface area of frustum of pyramid
- Show accuracy in calculations

- Model frustums of pyramids
- Calculate area of bases and trapezium faces
- Sum areas for total surface area
- Work with peers on different frustums

How do we calculate the surface area of a frustum of a pyramid?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Frustum models
- Paper for nets
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Models of composite solids
- Drawing tools
- Real-world scenarios
- Digital resources
- Models

- Class written tests - Portfolio - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Volume and Capacity - Volume of cone
Volume and Capacity - Volume of pyramid
Volume and Capacity - Volume of sphere

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for volume of cone
- Calculate volume of cone
- Show precision in volume calculations

- Use cylinder and cone of same dimensions
- Establish relationship between volumes
- Apply formula to calculate volumes
- Work with peers to verify relationship

How is the volume of a cone related to that of a cylinder?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Cone and cylinder models
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Sand or water for verification
- Pyramid models
- Drawing tools
- Spherical objects
- Models

- Observation - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Volume and Capacity - Volume of frustum of cone
Volume and Capacity - Volume of frustum of pyramid
Volume and Capacity - Capacity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate volume of frustum of cone
- Apply formula in practical situations
- Appreciate uses of frustums

- Derive formula by subtracting volumes
- Calculate volumes of frustums
- Measure actual containers to find capacity
- Work in groups on practical problems

How do we find the volume of a frustum of a cone?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Frustum containers
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Measuring cylinders
- Frustum models
- Drawing tools
- Various containers

- Class activities - Projects - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Volume and Capacity - Composite solids
Volume and Capacity - Applications
Commercial Arithmetic - Budgeting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate volumes of composite solids
- Break down complex shapes into components
- Show accuracy in volume calculations

- Identify component solids in composite shapes
- Calculate volume of each part
- Sum or subtract volumes as appropriate
- Work with peers on complex problems

How do we find the volume of composite solids?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Models of composite solids
- Rulers
- Calculators
- Drawing tools
- Real containers
- Digital resources
- Problem scenarios
- Sample budgets
- Chart papers

- Class written tests - Projects - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Commercial Arithmetic - Discount
Commercial Arithmetic - Percentage discount

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define discount
- Calculate discount amounts
- Show accuracy in discount calculations

- Role play shopping scenarios with discounts
- Calculate discount amounts
- Determine selling price after discount
- Work with peers to solve problems

What is a discount and why is it given?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Price tags
- Shopping scenarios
- Play money
- Price lists
- Shopping advertisements
- Drawing tools

- Class activities - Written assignments - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry

Commercial Arithmetic - Commission
Commercial Arithmetic - Profit and loss
Commercial Arithmetic - Currency conversion

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define commission
- Calculate commission amounts
- Show interest in trading concepts

- Discuss scenarios where commission is paid
- Calculate commission for sales agents
- Role play selling with commission
- Work with peers to solve problems

What is commission and when is it paid?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Sales scenarios
- Chart papers
- Play money
- Trading scenarios
- Price lists
- Exchange rate tables
- Newspapers with rates
- Sample currencies

- Class activities - Observation - Oral questions

Measurements and Geometry
Statistics and Probability
Statistics and Probability

Commercial Arithmetic - Applications
Statistics I - Data collection
Statistics I - Frequency distribution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply commercial arithmetic in real situations
- Solve complex problems involving multiple concepts
- Value the importance of commercial arithmetic

- Solve word problems on budgets, discounts, commission
- Work on real-life trading scenarios
- Calculate profits considering all factors
- Present solutions to class

How do we apply commercial arithmetic concepts in real life?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Real-world scenarios
- Digital resources
- Problem cases
- Questionnaires
- Tally sheets
- Clipboards
- Writing materials
- Collected data
- Rulers
- Chart papers
- Drawing tools

- Class written tests - Portfolio - Projects

Statistics and Probability

Statistics I - Mean
Statistics I - Mode
Statistics I - Median

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate mean of ungrouped data
- Interpret the meaning of mean
- Show accuracy in calculations

- Calculate mean from frequency tables
- Use calculators for large datasets
- Discuss meaning of mean in context
- Work with peers to calculate means

What does the mean tell us about data?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Calculators
- Data sets
- Chart papers
- Writing materials
- Drawing tools

- Class written tests - Oral questions - Class activities

Statistics and Probability

Statistics I - Bar graphs
Statistics I - Line graphs
Statistics I - Pie charts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct bar graphs from data
- Choose appropriate scales
- Show accuracy in drawing graphs

- Draw bar graphs from frequency tables
- Label axes and title graphs appropriately
- Use graph papers for accuracy
- Work in groups to create different bar graphs

How do bar graphs help us visualize data?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Graph papers
- Rulers
- Drawing tools
- Colored pencils
- Data sets
- Protractors
- Compasses

- Projects - Rating scale - Class activities

Statistics and Probability

Statistics I - Interpreting bar graphs
Statistics I - Interpreting line graphs
Statistics I - Interpreting pie charts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Extract information from bar graphs
- Compare data from bar graphs
- Appreciate importance of interpretation

- Read and interpret given bar graphs
- Answer questions based on bar graphs
- Compare different categories from graphs
- Work with peers to analyze graphs

What information can we get from bar graphs?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Sample bar graphs
- Newspapers
- Magazines
- Digital resources
- Sample line graphs
- Chart papers
- Sample pie charts
- Calculators

- Class activities - Oral questions - Observation

Statistics and Probability

Statistics I - Applications
Statistics I - Digital tools
Probability - Basic concepts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply statistical concepts in real life
- Make decisions based on data
- Value the importance of statistics

- Analyze real-world data sets
- Draw conclusions from statistical analysis
- Discuss uses of statistics in various fields
- Present findings to class

How is statistics used to make informed decisions?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Real-world data
- Digital resources
- Newspapers
- Calculators
- Digital devices
- Spreadsheet software
- Internet access
- Data sets
- Coins
- Dice
- Spinners
- Playing cards

- Projects - Portfolio - Class written tests

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Certain and impossible events
Probability - Equally likely events

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify certain events
- Identify impossible events
- Appreciate the range of probability

- Discuss examples of certain events
- Discuss examples of impossible events
- Distinguish between certain, possible and impossible
- Work with peers to classify events

What makes an event certain or impossible?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Coins
- Dice
- Real-life scenarios
- Chart papers
- Fair coins
- Fair dice
- Spinners
- Playing cards

- Class activities - Written assignments - Observation

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Range of probability
Probability - Single outcomes
Probability - Complementary events

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the range of probability values
- Express probability as fractions, decimals and percentages
- Show accuracy in probability calculations

- Understand probability scale from 0 to 1
- Convert between fractions, decimals and percentages
- Place events on probability scale
- Work with peers to explore range

What values can probability take?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Probability scale charts
- Calculators
- Drawing tools
- Chart papers
- Coins
- Dice
- Playing cards

- Class activities - Oral questions - Written assignments

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Sample space
Probability - Independent events
Probability - Tree diagrams

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define sample space
- List all possible outcomes
- Show systematic approach to listing outcomes

- List sample space for coin tosses
- List sample space for dice rolls
- Use tree diagrams for multiple events
- Work in groups to determine sample spaces

What is a sample space?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Coins
- Dice
- Drawing tools
- Chart papers
- Calculators
- Playing cards
- Rulers

- Class written tests - Written assignments - Oral questions

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Experimental probability
Probability - With replacement
Probability - Without replacement
Probability - Applications
Probability - Problem solving

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between theoretical and experimental probability
- Calculate experimental probability
- Show interest in conducting experiments

- Conduct experiments and record outcomes
- Calculate experimental probability
- Compare with theoretical probability
- Work in groups to perform experiments

How does experimental probability differ from theoretical probability?

- Essential Mathematics Grade 10 Learner's Book
- Coins
- Dice
- Spinners
- Tally sheets
- Colored balls or beads
- Bags or containers
- Calculators
- Recording sheets
- Tree diagram templates
- Real-world scenarios
- Digital resources
- Newspapers
- Problem scenarios
- Chart papers

- Class written tests - Projects - Observation