Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Odd and even numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify odd and even numbers
- Classify numbers as odd or even based on the ones place value
- Relate odd and even numbers to real life situations like sharing items equally

- Measure the height of classmates in centimetres and record in a table
- Classify each recorded number as odd or even
- Discuss with peers reasons for classification based on the digit in the ones place value

Why are numbers important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 1
- Number cards
- Charts on odd and even numbers

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Prime and composite numbers
Real Numbers - Rational and irrational numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define prime and composite numbers
- Classify numbers as prime or composite by identifying their factors
- Relate prime and composite numbers to grouping items in daily activities

- List factors of given numbers
- Classify numbers based on the number of factors
- Discuss how composite numbers help in dividing items into equal groups

Why are numbers important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 3
- Factor charts
- Number cards
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 5
- Digital devices
- Number charts

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Class activities

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Rational and irrational numbers
Real Numbers - Combined operations on rational numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between terminating and non-terminating decimals
- Identify irrational numbers from square roots
- Connect irrational numbers to real measurements like diagonals of squares

- Express fractions as decimals and identify terminating decimals
- Determine which square roots are rational or irrational
- Discuss practical examples where irrational numbers appear

Why are numbers important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 5
- Calculators
- Digital resources
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 7
- Word problem cards

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Combined operations on rational numbers
Real Numbers - Reciprocal of numbers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Perform multiplication and division of rational numbers
- Solve problems involving all four operations
- Apply combined operations to solve problems on temperature changes and measurements

- Work out problems involving multiplication and division of fractions and decimals
- Solve word problems requiring multiple operations
- Discuss scenarios like temperature variations during the day

Why are numbers important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 8
- Calculators
- Thermometer charts
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 9
- Scientific calculators
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Real Numbers - Application of rational numbers
Indices - Powers and bases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply rational numbers in solving real-life problems
- Solve problems involving fractions, decimals and mixed operations
- Connect rational numbers to daily activities like cooking, farming and finance

- Solve problems on sharing resources, measuring ingredients and calculating distances
- Discuss applications in budgeting, farming and construction
- Work with peers on real-life case scenarios

Why are numbers important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 11
- Word problem cards
- Calculators
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 13
- Number cards
- Charts on indices

- Written tests - Portfolio - Class activities

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Expressing numbers in index form

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Express whole numbers in simplest index form
- Express fractions in index form
- Apply index notation to scientific measurements and data

- Break down numbers into prime factors and express in index form
- Express fractions with numerator and denominator in index form
- Search for population data and express in index form

Why are indices important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 14
- Calculators
- Digital resources

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Multiplication law

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the multiplication law of indices
- Apply the multiplication law to simplify expressions
- Connect the multiplication law to calculating areas and volumes

- Write index numbers in expanded form
- Multiply numbers with the same base and add the powers
- Work out problems on area using index notation

How are the laws of indices applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 15
- Index law charts
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Division law

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the division law of indices
- Apply the division law to simplify expressions
- Relate division of indices to sharing and distribution problems

- Divide numbers with the same base by subtracting powers
- Simplify expressions using the division law
- Solve problems on distributing items among groups

How are the laws of indices applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 16
- Index law charts
- Calculators

- Written tests - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Power of a power

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the power of a power law
- Apply the law to simplify expressions with powers raised to powers
- Apply the law to compound growth calculations

- Expand expressions with powers of powers
- Multiply indices when a power is raised to another power
- Discuss applications in compound interest calculations

How are the laws of indices applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 17
- Index law charts
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Zero index

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the zero index law
- Apply the zero index to simplify expressions
- Understand why any non-zero number raised to power zero equals one

- Use division law to derive the zero index law
- Simplify expressions involving zero index
- Verify the zero index law using calculators

Why are indices important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 18
- Calculators
- Index law charts

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Applying laws of indices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply multiple laws of indices in computations
- Simplify complex expressions using combined laws
- Apply indices to scientific notation and large number calculations

- Work out computations requiring multiple index laws
- Simplify expressions with mixed operations
- Use digital resources to explore applications of indices

How are the laws of indices applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 19
- Calculators
- Digital devices

- Written tests - Class activities - Portfolio

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Applying laws of indices in numerical computations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve complex problems using laws of indices
- Evaluate numerical expressions involving indices
- Apply indices to solve real-world problems in science and technology

- Evaluate expressions combining all laws of indices
- Solve word problems involving indices
- Discuss applications in computing and scientific calculations

How are the laws of indices applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 19
- Calculators
- Digital resources

- Written exercises - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Indices - Problem solving with indices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply indices to solve practical problems
- Work collaboratively to solve index problems
- Connect indices to technological applications like data storage

- Work with peers on practical problems involving indices
- Present solutions and discuss different approaches
- Research applications of indices in computer memory and data

Why are indices important?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 20
- Digital devices
- Calculators

- Portfolio - Observation - Written tests

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Formation of algebraic expressions
Quadratic Equations - Formation of algebraic expressions from real life

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form algebraic expressions from word statements
- Use letters to represent unknown quantities
- Relate algebraic expressions to real situations like shopping and measurements

- Read case scenarios and form algebraic expressions
- Use letters to represent unknown quantities
- Discuss how expressions represent real-life situations

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 21
- Word problem cards
- Charts
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 22
- Calculators

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Formation of quadratic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify quadratic expressions
- Form quadratic expressions by multiplying binomials
- Relate quadratic expressions to calculating areas of rectangles

- Expand products of two binomials
- Identify the structure of quadratic expressions
- Discuss how quadratic expressions represent area problems

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 23
- Rectangular cut-outs
- Charts

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Quadratic expressions from real life situations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form quadratic expressions from real-life contexts
- Interpret word problems to generate quadratic expressions
- Apply quadratic expressions to floor plans, gardens and picture frames

- Read scenarios on area and form quadratic expressions
- Draw diagrams to visualize the problems
- Work out expressions for paths around gardens and margins

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 24
- Diagram charts
- Graph paper

- Written exercises - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Formation of quadratic equations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between quadratic expressions and equations
- Form quadratic equations from given conditions
- Apply quadratic equations to problems on area and dimensions

- Form quadratic equations from area problems
- Set up equations where expression equals a given value
- Discuss volleyball pitch and room dimension problems

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 25
- Diagram charts
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Quadratic equations from word problems

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form quadratic equations from various word problems
- Interpret real-life situations as quadratic equations
- Model age, product and sharing problems using quadratic equations

- Read and interpret word problems
- Form quadratic equations from age and product problems
- Discuss seedbed and carpet area problems

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 26
- Word problem cards
- Calculators

- Written tests - Class activities - Portfolio

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Factorisation of quadratic expressions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the coefficients a, b and c in quadratic expressions
- Find factor pairs of ac that sum to b
- Apply factorisation to expressions of the form x² + bx + c

- Identify values of a, b and c in quadratic expressions
- List factor pairs and identify the pair with required sum
- Factorise expressions by splitting the middle term

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 27
- Factor pair charts
- Calculators

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Factorisation by grouping

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Factorise quadratic expressions by grouping
- Apply the grouping method to various expressions
- Verify factorisation by expanding the factors

- Split the middle term into two terms
- Group terms and factorise each group
- Extract the common factor and complete factorisation

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 27
- Worked examples charts
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Factorisation of expressions ax² + bx + c

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Factorise quadratic expressions where a ≠ 1
- Apply systematic methods to factorise complex expressions
- Connect factorisation to finding dimensions from area expressions

- Find factors of ac and identify the pair summing to b
- Factorise expressions with leading coefficient greater than 1
- Discuss practical applications of factorisation

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 28
- Factor charts
- Calculators

- Written tests - Class activities - Observation

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Solving by factorisation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply factorisation to solve quadratic equations
- Find solutions by equating each factor to zero
- Verify solutions by substitution into the original equation

- Factorise the quadratic expression
- Set each factor equal to zero and solve for x
- Check solutions by substituting back into the equation

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 28
- Worked examples charts
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Numbers and Algebra

Quadratic Equations - Solving equations with repeated roots

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Solve quadratic equations with repeated roots
- Identify perfect square trinomials
- Interpret the meaning of repeated roots in context

- Factorise perfect square trinomials
- Solve equations yielding single solutions
- Discuss what repeated roots mean in area problems

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 29
- Calculators
- Worked examples

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Numbers and Algebra
Measurements and Geometry

Quadratic Equations - Applications to real life problems
Similarity and Enlargement - Properties of similar figures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply quadratic equations to solve area problems
- Form and solve equations from word problems
- Interpret solutions in real-life contexts like room dimensions and garden sizes

- Form quadratic equations from dimension problems
- Solve and interpret solutions
- Determine dimensions of rooms, carpets and gardens

How are quadratic equations applied in real life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 29
- Diagram charts
- Calculators
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 31
- Similar objects (containers, shapes)
- Rulers and protractors
- Digital resources

- Written tests - Portfolio - Class activities

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Properties of similar figures
Similarity and Enlargement - Centre of enlargement and linear scale factor

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Determine whether given figures are similar
- Calculate ratios of corresponding sides
- Connect similar figures to everyday items like photo frames and tiles

- Work out ratios of corresponding sides of triangles
- Use protractor to measure corresponding angles
- Determine if rectangles are similar by comparing ratios
- Share findings with classmates

What conditions must be met for two figures to be similar?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 33
- Protractors
- Rulers
- Cut-outs of similar shapes
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 37
- Plain paper
- Pencils

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Linear scale factor
Similarity and Enlargement - Drawing images under enlargement
Similarity and Enlargement - Drawing images on Cartesian plane

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Determine the linear scale factor of similar figures
- Calculate linear scale factor from given measurements
- Apply linear scale factor concepts to map reading and architectural drawings

- Measure distances from centre of enlargement to object and image
- Calculate ratio of image distance to object distance
- Work out linear scale factors for different figures
- Discuss applications of scale factors

What is the relationship between object and image distances?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 38
- Rulers
- Graph paper
- Calculators
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 40
- Geometrical instruments
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 41
- Pencils

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Area scale factor
Similarity and Enlargement - Area scale factor calculations

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Determine the area scale factor of similar figures
- Calculate areas of objects and their images
- Relate area scale factor to land surveying and floor planning

- Draw right-angled triangle and enlarge with scale factor 3
- Calculate areas of object and image
- Determine ratio of areas
- Discuss relationship between linear and area scale factors

What is the relationship between linear scale factor and area scale factor?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 42
- Graph paper
- Calculators
- Rulers
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 44
- Rulers
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Volume scale factor

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Determine the volume scale factor of similar objects
- Calculate volumes of similar solids
- Apply volume scale factor to container sizing and packaging

- Collect similar containers of different sizes
- Calculate volumes of similar cuboids
- Determine ratio of volumes
- Establish relationship between linear and volume scale factors

What is the relationship between linear scale factor and volume scale factor?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 43
- Similar containers
- Rulers
- Calculators

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Relating linear, area and volume scale factors

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Relate linear scale factor to area and volume scale factors
- Convert between different scale factors
- Apply scale factor relationships to model making and engineering

- Make similar cylinders of different sizes
- Calculate ratios of heights, areas, and volumes
- Compare the three ratios and establish relationships
- Solve problems involving all three scale factors

How are the three scale factors related?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 45
- Manila paper
- Calculators
- Scissors

- Observation - Oral questions - Written tests

Measurements and Geometry

Similarity and Enlargement - Application to area

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply linear scale factor to find areas of similar figures
- Solve problems on area using scale factors
- Connect similarity concepts to architectural blueprints and scale models

- Calculate areas of similar figures using scale factors
- Solve word problems involving area scale factor
- Use digital devices to explore applications
- Present solutions to peers

How do we apply area scale factor to solve problems?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 46
- Calculators
- Digital resources
- Reference books

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Measurements and Geometry
Statistics and Probability

Similarity and Enlargement - Application to volume
Statistics - Frequency distribution tables for ungrouped data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply linear scale factor to find volumes of similar objects
- Solve problems on volume using scale factors
- Use similarity in estimating storage capacities and tank volumes

- Calculate volumes of similar solids using scale factors
- Solve word problems involving volume scale factor
- Complete project on making similar containers
- Document processes and take pictures

How do we apply volume scale factor to solve problems?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 47
- Calculators
- Manila paper
- Locally available materials
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 166
- Tally charts
- Data collection sheets

- Observation - Project assessment - Written tests

Statistics and Probability

Statistics - Constructing frequency distribution tables
Statistics - Mean of ungrouped data
Statistics - Mean from frequency distribution tables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Organize raw data into frequency distribution tables
- Use tally marks to count frequencies accurately
- Apply frequency tables to organize market prices, test scores and survey results

- Organize given data sets into frequency tables
- Practice tallying and counting
- Discuss applications in recording rainfall, temperatures and sales

How do we use statistics in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 167
- Data sets
- Tally charts
- Calculators
- Data collection sheets
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 168
- Frequency table templates

- Written exercises - Class activities - Observation

Statistics and Probability

Statistics - Mode of ungrouped data
Statistics - Median of ungrouped data

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define the mode of a data set
- Identify the mode from raw data and frequency tables
- Relate mode to finding most popular items like favourite colours, foods or transport means

- Identify the most frequently occurring value in data sets
- Determine mode from frequency distribution tables
- Discuss applications in market research and voting

How do we use statistics in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 169
- Data sets
- Frequency tables
- Calculators

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Statistics and Probability

Statistics - Comparing mean, mode and median
Statistics - Bar graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate mean, mode and median from the same data set
- Compare the three measures of central tendency
- Choose appropriate measures for analyzing cattle masses, learner ages and product prices

- Calculate all three measures from given data
- Compare and discuss which measure best represents the data
- Solve problems involving all three measures

How do we use statistics in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 170
- Calculators
- Data sets
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 172
- Graph paper
- Rulers
- Pencils

- Written tests - Class activities - Portfolio

Statistics and Probability

Statistics - Line graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a line graph and its uses
- Draw line graphs from given data
- Apply line graphs to show temperature changes, sales trends and growth patterns

- Plot points on a Cartesian plane
- Join points with straight lines
- Draw line graphs for temperature, rainfall and production data

How do we use statistics in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 174
- Graph paper
- Rulers
- Pencils

- Practical exercises - Observation - Written exercises

Statistics and Probability

Statistics - Pie charts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define a pie chart and calculate sector angles
- Draw pie charts from frequency tables
- Use pie charts to display budget allocations, time spent on activities and crop distributions

- Calculate angles for each category (value/total × 360°)
- Use protractor to draw sectors accurately
- Represent salary budgets, fruit sales and land use data

How do we use statistics in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 176
- Protractors
- Compasses
- Calculators

- Practical exercises - Observation - Class activities

Statistics and Probability

Statistics - Interpreting bar graphs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read and interpret information from bar graphs
- Answer questions based on bar graph data
- Extract information from graphs showing rainfall, sports attendance and hospital discharges

- Identify scales used on axes
- Read values from bars accurately
- Calculate totals, differences and comparisons from bar graphs

How do we use statistics in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 181
- Sample bar graphs
- Calculators

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Class activities

Statistics and Probability

Statistics - Interpreting line graphs and pie charts

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret data from line graphs and pie charts
- Draw conclusions from graphical representations
- Analyze trends in book sales, sleep patterns and company profits from graphs

- Read values and identify trends from line graphs
- Calculate actual values from pie chart sectors
- Compare data across different categories

How do we use statistics in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 185
- Sample graphs and charts
- Calculators
- Protractors

- Written tests - Class activities - Portfolio

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Equally likely outcomes
Probability - Calculating probability of equally likely outcomes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define probability and equally likely outcomes
- Perform experiments with coins and dice
- Relate probability to games of chance and weather prediction

- Toss coins and record outcomes
- Roll dice and list possible outcomes
- Discuss probability spaces for simple experiments

How do we apply probability in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 198
- Coins
- Dice
- Spinners
- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 199
- Coloured balls
- Number cards
- Calculators

- Practical exercises - Observation - Oral questions

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Range of probability of an event

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the range of probability (0 to 1)
- Identify certain and impossible events
- Relate probability range to everyday certainties like sunrise and impossibilities like flying unaided

- Discuss events that are certain (probability = 1)
- Identify impossible events (probability = 0)
- Calculate probability and verify it falls within 0 to 1

How do we apply probability in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 201
- Event cards
- Probability scale charts

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Mutually exclusive events

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define mutually exclusive events
- Identify mutually exclusive events in real situations
- Relate mutually exclusive events to choices like selecting one job from two offers at the same time

- Use digital resources to research mutually exclusive events
- Classify given events as mutually exclusive or not
- Discuss examples in elections, travel choices and course selection

How do we apply probability in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 202
- Digital devices
- Event scenario cards

- Written exercises - Class activities - Oral questions

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Performing experiments on mutually exclusive events

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Perform experiments involving mutually exclusive events
- Record and analyze outcomes
- Apply experiments to spinning wheels, drawing cards and rolling dice

- Spin colour wheels and record outcomes
- Pick cards from a deck and note results
- Discuss why two mutually exclusive events cannot occur together

How do we apply probability in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 203
- Spinners
- Dice
- Coloured cards

- Practical exercises - Observation - Class activities

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Calculating probability of mutually exclusive events

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate probability of mutually exclusive events
- Apply the addition rule: P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
- Solve problems on selecting items, choosing colours and picking numbers

- Calculate probability of one event or another occurring
- Solve problems involving picking pens, balls of different colours
- Discuss probability of rolling different numbers on a die

How do we apply probability in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 204
- Calculators
- Probability problem cards

- Written exercises - Class activities - Written tests

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Independent events

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define independent events
- Perform experiments involving independent events
- Relate independent events to tossing coins while rolling dice or weather on different days

- Toss a coin and roll a die simultaneously
- List all possible combined outcomes
- Discuss why outcome of one event doesn't affect the other

How do we apply probability in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 206
- Coins
- Dice
- Outcome tables

- Practical exercises - Observation - Oral questions

Statistics and Probability

Probability - Calculating probability of independent events

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate probability of independent events
- Apply the multiplication rule: P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B)
- Solve problems on passing exams, hitting targets and machine breakdowns

- Calculate probability of both events occurring
- Solve problems involving learners passing tests, machines working
- Discuss probability in archery, darts and sports predictions

How do we apply probability in day-to-day life?

- Mentor Essential Mathematics pg. 207
- Calculators
- Probability problem cards

- Written tests - Class activities - Portfolio