ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND SOCIETY: HEALTHCARE

Listening and Speaking

Intensive Listening - Keywords, Facts and Fixed Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Listen for specific details including keywords, dates, names and key facts
- Identify figurative language such as similes and metaphors in oral texts
- Extract important information from health announcements or instructions

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to audio recordings and focus on keywords, dates, names and important facts
- Identify similes, metaphors and fixed phrases in the listening text
- Take notes and pick out benefits of AI in healthcare

How do we identify specific details in an oral text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 73
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices

- Listening comprehension - Note-taking assessment - Oral questions

Reading

Reference Materials - Dictionary and Thesaurus

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a dictionary to look up meaning, pronunciation and spelling of words
- Use a thesaurus to locate synonyms and antonyms
- Find word meanings independently when reading unfamiliar texts

The learner is guided to:
- Check synonyms and antonyms of words from a thesaurus
- Use the dictionary to establish pronunciation, meaning and spelling of words
- Create lists of words with their synonyms and antonyms

Why are reference materials useful?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 86
- Dictionaries
- Thesauruses
- Digital devices

- Word search tasks - Vocabulary exercises - Pronunciation practice

Writing
Grammar in Use

Paragraphing Skills - Cohesion and Linking Words
Word Classes - Simple Prepositions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use addition, contrast, ordering and summarising linking words for writing fluency
- Identify connectors in sample texts
- Write coherent paragraphs in essays, reports and formal letters

The learner is guided to:
- Identify linking words for addition, similarity and contrast from a text
- Use pictorials to sequentially order events in a text
- Join ideas in a paragraph using linking words

Why should we organise ideas logically in writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 99
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Moran Skills in English pg. 92
- Pictures

- Written exercises - Paragraph analysis - Peer review

Listening and Speaking

Intensive Listening - Inferring Meaning from Context

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Infer meanings of words using syntactic and contextual clues
- Interpret figurative expressions in oral texts
- Understand implied meanings in conversations and speeches

The learner is guided to:
- Infer meanings of words and phrases using context clues
- Identify and interpret similes, metaphors and personification
- Use figurative words and phrases to discuss AI in healthcare

How do we understand unfamiliar words in a listening text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 75
- Audio texts
- Poems

- Comprehension questions - Vocabulary inference tasks - Discussion

Reading

Reference Materials - Atlases, Manuals and Encyclopaedias

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Research information from atlases, manuals and encyclopaedias
- Interpret maps and follow instructions in manuals
- Use reference materials to complete research projects and assignments

The learner is guided to:
- Extract information from newspapers and encyclopaedias
- Interpret maps and manuals
- Read texts related to AI and make notes from reference materials

How do different reference materials serve different purposes?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 89
- Atlases
- Manuals
- Encyclopaedias

- Research tasks - Information extraction - Presentation

Writing

Paragraphing Skills - Paragraph Structure

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the structure of a well-formed paragraph with topic, supporting and clincher sentences
- Write paragraphs following the correct structure
- Organise ideas clearly in academic essays and personal writing

The learner is guided to:
- Write a topic sentence, supporting sentences and clincher sentence
- Rearrange disordered sentences to form a logical paragraph
- Brainstorm ideas for paragraphs on persons, places or events

What are the essential parts of a well-formed paragraph?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 102
- Sample paragraphs
- Sentence cards

- Paragraph writing - Sentence ordering - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Descriptive and Proper Adjectives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use proper and descriptive adjectives to describe people, places and things
- Distinguish between regular and irregular adjectives
- Create vivid descriptions in creative writing and presentations

The learner is guided to:
- Identify regular and irregular adjectives from texts
- Design posters showing descriptive and proper adjectives
- Describe people, places and events using descriptive adjectives

How do adjectives make our descriptions more vivid?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 94
- Pictures
- Posters
- Charts

- Description tasks - Written exercises - Crossword puzzles

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Fluency - Sounds, Homographs and Non-verbal Cues

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Articulate sounds /ʌ/, /æ/, /aʊ/, /əʊ/, /w/, /j/ for fluency
- Use homographs correctly in oral contexts
- Interpret and use non-verbal cues in presentations and everyday interactions

The learner is guided to:
- Pick out homographs from texts and form sentences using them
- Practise minimal pairs with target sounds
- Role-play conversations using non-verbal cues such as facial expressions and gestures

How do non-verbal cues enhance communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 78
- Video clips
- Recording devices

- Pronunciation assessment - Role play - Peer feedback

Reading

Reference Materials - Comprehensive Research

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use multiple reference materials to gather comprehensive information
- Cross-reference information from different sources
- Conduct independent research for school projects using various resources

The learner is guided to:
- Use dictionary, thesaurus, atlas and encyclopaedia for research tasks
- Create crossword puzzles using antonyms and synonyms
- Present research findings to class

How do we combine information from different reference materials?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 90
- Various reference materials
- Digital devices

- Research projects - Crossword creation - Oral presentation

Writing

Paragraphing Skills - The Writing Process

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Follow the writing process to write and refine paragraphs
- Organise ideas and convey them in a structured way
- Produce polished written work by revising and editing drafts

The learner is guided to:
- Refine sentences using steps of the writing process: brainstorming, drafting, revising, editing, publishing
- Team up to write coherent paragraphs
- Share paragraphs with peers for feedback

How can the writing process help us improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 104
- Writing materials
- Peer review forms

- Process writing assessment - Draft comparison - Final product evaluation

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Order of Adjectives and Comparative Forms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order adjectives correctly following OSSACOMP pattern
- Form comparatives of adjectives with two or three syllables
- Make accurate comparisons when describing products, services or experiences

The learner is guided to:
- Practise ordering adjectives correctly in sentences
- Form comparatives using more/less for multi-syllable adjectives
- Write paragraphs on AI using correctly ordered adjectives and prepositions

Why is the order of adjectives important in descriptions?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 96
- Charts
- Worksheets

- Sentence ordering - Comparative exercises - Written assessment

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Order of Adjectives and Comparative Forms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order adjectives correctly following OSSACOMP pattern
- Form comparatives of adjectives with two or three syllables
- Make accurate comparisons when describing products, services or experiences

The learner is guided to:
- Practise ordering adjectives correctly in sentences
- Form comparatives using more/less for multi-syllable adjectives
- Write paragraphs on AI using correctly ordered adjectives and prepositions

Why is the order of adjectives important in descriptions?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 96
- Charts
- Worksheets

- Sentence ordering - Comparative exercises - Written assessment

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Order of Adjectives and Comparative Forms

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Order adjectives correctly following OSSACOMP pattern
- Form comparatives of adjectives with two or three syllables
- Make accurate comparisons when describing products, services or experiences

The learner is guided to:
- Practise ordering adjectives correctly in sentences
- Form comparatives using more/less for multi-syllable adjectives
- Write paragraphs on AI using correctly ordered adjectives and prepositions

Why is the order of adjectives important in descriptions?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 96
- Charts
- Worksheets

- Sentence ordering - Comparative exercises - Written assessment

Listening and Speaking

Selective Listening - Filtering Information

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Filter required information from an oral text about travel
- Identify keywords and phrases that signal important instructions
- Connect selective listening skills to real-life situations like following travel announcements at airports or bus stations

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to an audio recording about scaling Kilimambogo
- Identify keywords that indicate important instructions (e.g., "It is important that you...", "Do not forget...")
- Note down specific details about preparations for the hike
- Categorise information into important and not important

Why is it important to pick out specific details during an oral presentation?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 110
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Oral questions - Listening comprehension tests - Note-taking assessment - Peer evaluation

TRAVEL: ADVENTURE

Reading

Study Skills - Library Skills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the uses of library catalogues and call numbers
- Locate resources using catalogues and call numbers
- Use library skills to research topics just as professionals research before making important travel decisions

The learner is guided to:
- Examine book spines and identify call numbers
- Search through a library catalogue to find books by author, title, subject or keyword
- Tour a library and study the organisation of resources
- Locate print and digital resources on travel topics

Why are reference materials useful?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 123
- Library catalogues
- Sample books with call numbers
- Digital devices
- Library resources

- Practical library tasks - Resource location assessment - Written questions - Observation

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Punctuation (Hyphen and Quotation Marks)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the hyphen and quotation marks in texts
- Use the hyphen with prefixes and compound words
- Apply punctuation skills when writing travel journals or trip reports

The learner is guided to:
- Study sentences with hyphens and quotation marks
- Identify rules for using hyphens with prefixes (ex-ranger, anti-poaching)
- Practice using single and double quotation marks in sentences
- Write sentences about travel using correct punctuation

Why is it important to punctuate a sentence correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 139
- Sample texts with punctuation
- Charts showing punctuation rules
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Punctuation correction tasks - Peer assessment - Observation

Grammar in Use

Determiners - Articles, Demonstratives and Possessives

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify articles, demonstratives and possessives in sentences
- Use determiners correctly in sentences about travel
- Recognise how proper determiner use helps give clear directions when navigating new places

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify articles (a, an, the), demonstratives (this, that, these, those) and possessives (her, his, my, your, their)
- Discuss the function of determiners in sentences
- Form sentences using determiners to describe travel adventures
- Create a chart showing different types of determiners

How do we use naming words in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 130
- Charts
- Sentence cards
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Gap-filling exercises - Oral questions - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Selective Listening - Instructions and Directions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Give and follow instructions for carrying out different tasks
- Ask for and give clear directions to a place
- Apply direction-giving skills when helping visitors navigate to destinations in the community

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to dialogues containing directions
- Rephrase instructions and directions using own words
- Role-play giving and following directions
- Practice giving directions to various locations in the school

Why do we give instructions and directions?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 112
- Audio recordings
- Maps
- Digital devices
- Charts

- Role-play assessment - Oral presentation - Observation - Peer evaluation

Reading
Writing

Study Skills - Library Etiquette and Research
Mechanics of Writing - The Dash and Single Slash

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate appropriate library etiquette
- Conduct research using library resources
- Practise library etiquette skills that create positive learning environments in schools and public libraries

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss library rules and etiquette
- Set up a mock library and practise appropriate behaviour
- Research a travel-related topic using library resources
- Present research findings to peers

How can library skills help us learn about new topics?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 127
- Library resources
- Posters on library etiquette
- Digital devices
- Research materials
- Moran Skills in English pg. 140
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Research presentation - Observation schedule - Written reports - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use

Noun and Verb Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify noun phrases and verb phrases in sentences
- Form noun phrases and verb phrases following correct patterns
- Use phrases effectively when describing travel experiences or writing travel brochures

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify noun phrases and verb phrases
- Analyse the structure of noun phrases (determiner + noun, adjective + noun)
- Analyse the structure of verb phrases (auxiliary + main verb)
- Create sentences about travel using noun and verb phrases

How is a phrase different from a sentence?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 133
- Sentence strips
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Phrase identification - Sentence construction - Group assessment

Listening and Speaking

Conversational Skills - Speaking Fluency (Sounds /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Articulate the different realisations of the letter 's' (/s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/)
- Use homophones appropriately in oral contexts
- Pronounce words clearly when giving travel directions or communicating with tourists

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to words with different sounds of letter 's'
- Practise pronouncing minimal pairs
- Identify and use homophones in sentences
- Create tongue twisters using the target sounds

How can we overcome pronunciation challenges?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 114
- Audio recordings
- Word cards
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Pronunciation assessment - Oral presentation - Peer evaluation - Recording and playback

Reading

Study Skills - Visual Information Interpretation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret visuals such as maps, diagrams and photographs in texts
- Relate visual information to written content
- Use visual interpretation skills when reading travel brochures, maps or tourist guides

The learner is guided to:
- Study visuals in travel-related texts
- Identify the purpose of each visual
- Relate visuals to the text they support
- Create visual representations summarising key ideas from texts

Why are visuals important in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 128
- Maps
- Photographs
- Travel brochures
- Digital devices

- Visual interpretation tasks - Written questions - Creative projects - Peer assessment

Reading

Study Skills - Visual Information Interpretation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret visuals such as maps, diagrams and photographs in texts
- Relate visual information to written content
- Use visual interpretation skills when reading travel brochures, maps or tourist guides

The learner is guided to:
- Study visuals in travel-related texts
- Identify the purpose of each visual
- Relate visuals to the text they support
- Create visual representations summarising key ideas from texts

Why are visuals important in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 128
- Maps
- Photographs
- Travel brochures
- Digital devices

- Visual interpretation tasks - Written questions - Creative projects - Peer assessment

Writing

Mechanics of Writing - Capitalisation Rules

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Apply the rules of capitalisation in sentences
- Write texts using correct capitalisation
- Use capitalisation correctly when writing about places, landmarks and geographical features visited during travels

The learner is guided to:
- Search online and offline for rules on capitalisation
- Identify capitalisation patterns in sentences
- Generate sentences requiring capital letters
- Write creative stories about travel applying capitalisation rules

How does correct capitalisation improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 142
- Sample texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Error correction tasks - Creative writing assessment - Peer review

Grammar in Use

Using Possessives and Articles as Determiners

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use possessives and articles as determiners with water bodies, physical features and unique entities
- Form sentences using determiners correctly
- Apply determiner knowledge when writing about famous travel destinations and geographical features

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify possessives and articles used as determiners
- Role-play situations using articles with water bodies and physical features
- Write sentences about travel experiences using possessives and articles
- Share and review sentences with peers

Why is it important to use determiners correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 137
- Texts about travel
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Sentence construction - Role-play assessment - Peer evaluation

Grammar in Use

Using Possessives and Articles as Determiners

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use possessives and articles as determiners with water bodies, physical features and unique entities
- Form sentences using determiners correctly
- Apply determiner knowledge when writing about famous travel destinations and geographical features

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify possessives and articles used as determiners
- Role-play situations using articles with water bodies and physical features
- Write sentences about travel experiences using possessives and articles
- Share and review sentences with peers

Why is it important to use determiners correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 137
- Texts about travel
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Sentence construction - Role-play assessment - Peer evaluation

CAREERS: PUBLIC SECTOR

Listening and Speaking

Interactive Listening - Negotiating Meaning and Turn Taking

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Negotiate meaning during conversations about careers
- Take turns appropriately in discussions
- Apply turn-taking skills during job interviews or workplace meetings

The learner is guided to:
- Watch interviews and identify instances of turn-taking
- Role-play conversations about careers using turn-taking skills
- Practise negotiating meaning through clarifying questions
- Engage in mock interviews demonstrating interactive listening

Why is it important to understand a speaker's intended message?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 146
- Video recordings of interviews
- Audio clips
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Role-play assessment - Oral questions - Observation schedule - Peer evaluation

Reading

Intensive Reading - Comprehension Strategies

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Make predictions about events, people and places in a text
- Use comprehension strategies (predicting, questioning, visualising)
- Apply prediction skills when reading job advertisements or career guides

The learner is guided to:
- Preview text titles, images and headings
- Make predictions about text content
- Read the text "A career outing" and verify predictions
- Complete a KWL chart about careers in public service

What strategies can one use to enhance their understanding of a text?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 158
- Career-related texts
- KWL charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Comprehension questions - Prediction verification - Written summaries - Peer assessment

Writing
Grammar in Use

Functional Writing - Personal Journals and Diaries
Word Classes - Adverbs (Place, Time and Manner)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format of personal journals and diaries
- Write personal journal entries about career aspirations
- Keep journals to track personal growth and career development goals

The learner is guided to:
- Study samples of personal journals and diaries
- Discuss the format and features of journals and diaries
- Write personal journal entries reflecting on career goals
- Make diary entries planning career-related activities

How can the steps of the writing process help us improve our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 180
- Sample journals and diaries
- Writing templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 166
- Sentence cards
- Crossword puzzles
- Charts

- Journal assessment - Diary entries review - Peer feedback - Self-assessment

Listening and Speaking

Interactive Listening - Clarifying Meaning and Showing Empathy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use clarification strategies to understand speakers
- Demonstrate empathy during conversations
- Show empathy and seek clarification when colleagues share workplace challenges

The learner is guided to:
- Watch videos showing empathy in conversations
- Practise asking clarifying questions
- Role-play conversations demonstrating empathy
- Create dialogues using phrases that show understanding

How can we seek clarification on what someone is telling us?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 149
- Video clips
- Dialogue scripts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Role-play assessment - Oral presentation - Observation - Peer evaluation

Reading

Intensive Reading - Inferring Meaning from Context

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Infer the meaning of words, idioms and compound words using context clues
- Identify transparent idioms and proverbs in texts
- Understand workplace jargon and professional terminology through context

The learner is guided to:
- Read text "A career outing" and identify unfamiliar words
- Use context clues to infer meanings of words and phrases
- Identify idioms, proverbs and compound words in the text
- Use the expressions in sentences about careers

Why do we need to read keenly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 163
- Career texts
- Dictionaries
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Comprehension questions - Word meaning tasks - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Writing

Functional Writing - Memos

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the format and features of a memo
- Write memos adhering to the correct format
- Compose workplace memos to communicate effectively with colleagues

The learner is guided to:
- Study samples of memos and discuss their format
- Identify parts of a memo (reference, sender, recipient, date, subject, body)
- Compose memos for different purposes
- Share memos with peers for feedback

Why is it important to know the purpose for which one is writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 182
- Sample memos
- Writing templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Memo writing assessment - Format evaluation - Peer review - Checklists

Grammar in Use

Word Classes - Gradable Adverbs (Comparatives and Superlatives)

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Form comparatives and superlatives of gradable adverbs
- Use gradable adverbs in varied contexts
- Compare workplace performance or efficiency using gradable adverbs

The learner is guided to:
- Study how gradable adverbs form comparatives and superlatives
- Form comparatives using more/less and superlatives using most/least
- Complete sentences using comparative and superlative adverbs
- Write paragraphs about careers using gradable adverbs

How do gradable adverbs help us communicate effectively?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 169
- Charts showing adverb forms
- Sentence cards
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Gap-filling tasks - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Conversational Skills - Turn-taking, Interrupting and Disagreeing Politely

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Take turns, interrupt and disagree politely in meetings
- Observe netiquette in online meetings
- Conduct professional meetings while maintaining positive working relationships

The learner is guided to:
- Watch videos of face-to-face and online meetings
- Identify phrases for polite interruption and disagreement
- Role-play mock meetings about careers
- Practise conducting video conference calls observing netiquette

How can we display good manners when we communicate with others?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 151
- Video clips of meetings
- Digital devices
- Meeting platforms
- Teacher's Guide

- Role-play assessment - Meeting participation - Observation schedule - Peer evaluation

Reading

Intensive Reading - Summarising and Making Connections

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarise information from texts about careers
- Make connections between text content and real-life experiences
- Relate career stories to personal aspirations and community role models

The learner is guided to:
- Read career texts and identify main ideas
- Write summaries of the main points
- Relate events and characters to personal experiences
- Role-play sections of the text

How does reading comprehension support lifelong learning?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 165
- Career texts
- Summary templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Summary writing - Comprehension questions - Role-play assessment - Peer evaluation

Writing

Functional Writing - Formal and Informal Registers

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between formal and informal registers
- Write texts using appropriate register for the audience
- Adjust communication style when writing to supervisors versus colleagues

The learner is guided to:
- Compare formal and informal texts
- Identify features of formal and informal registers
- Write two versions of a message using different registers
- Create a guide for using formal and informal registers

How does register affect written communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 177
- Sample formal and informal texts
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Register identification - Comparative writing - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use

Phrases - Adverb, Adjective and Prepositional Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverb, adjective and prepositional phrases in texts
- Form phrases following correct structures
- Use phrases to write detailed job descriptions or workplace reports

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify different types of phrases
- Analyse the structure of adverb phrases (adverb, intensifier + adverb)
- Analyse adjective phrases (adjective, intensifier + adjective, compound adjectives)
- Form prepositional phrases (preposition + noun phrase)

How do phrases enhance our communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 171
- Texts about careers
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Phrase identification - Written exercises - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use

Phrases - Adverb, Adjective and Prepositional Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverb, adjective and prepositional phrases in texts
- Form phrases following correct structures
- Use phrases to write detailed job descriptions or workplace reports

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify different types of phrases
- Analyse the structure of adverb phrases (adverb, intensifier + adverb)
- Analyse adjective phrases (adjective, intensifier + adjective, compound adjectives)
- Form prepositional phrases (preposition + noun phrase)

How do phrases enhance our communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 171
- Texts about careers
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Phrase identification - Written exercises - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use

Phrases - Adverb, Adjective and Prepositional Phrases

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverb, adjective and prepositional phrases in texts
- Form phrases following correct structures
- Use phrases to write detailed job descriptions or workplace reports

The learner is guided to:
- Read texts and identify different types of phrases
- Analyse the structure of adverb phrases (adverb, intensifier + adverb)
- Analyse adjective phrases (adjective, intensifier + adjective, compound adjectives)
- Form prepositional phrases (preposition + noun phrase)

How do phrases enhance our communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 171
- Texts about careers
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Phrase identification - Written exercises - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Responsive Listening - Connecting with a Speaker and Avoiding Distractions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline techniques of active listening
- Focus on a speaker to avoid distractions
- Give full attention to elders sharing cultural stories or community leaders during meetings

The learner is guided to:
- Discuss techniques for avoiding distractions
- Listen to oral texts while maintaining focus
- Practise using supportive non-verbal cues (nodding, eye contact)
- Evaluate own listening skills using a checklist

Why is it important to actively respond to what is being said?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 186
- Audio recordings
- Listening checklists
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Observation schedule - Listening assessment - Self-evaluation - Peer feedback

CULTURE: VALUES AND BELIEFS

Reading

Reading Fluency - Speed and Accuracy

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Read texts at the right speed and accurately
- Identify features of fluent reading
- Read aloud cultural stories or poems during community gatherings with confidence

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to model reading at different speeds
- Practise reading texts at moderate pace
- Time reading and focus on accuracy
- Highlight main points from texts read

Why should we read text fluently?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 200
- Oral narratives
- Descriptive texts
- Timer/stopwatch
- Teacher's Guide

- Timed reading - Accuracy assessment - Comprehension check - Peer evaluation

Writing

Creative Writing - Features of Descriptive Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline the structure of descriptive essays
- Use vivid language and sensory details in writing
- Describe cultural ceremonies, traditional attire or heritage sites vividly for readers

The learner is guided to:
- Read samples of descriptive essays
- Identify features of descriptive writing (sensory details, vivid language)
- Discuss the use of similes and metaphors in descriptions
- Plan descriptive paragraphs about cultural events

Why are sensory details and vivid descriptions important in composition writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 216
- Sample descriptive essays
- Pictures of cultural events
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written exercises - Descriptive paragraph assessment - Peer review - Checklists

Grammar in Use

Relative Pronouns - Who, Whom, Which, That, Whose

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify relative pronouns in sentences
- Use relative pronouns to connect nouns to clauses
- Describe community elders, cultural artefacts or traditional practices using relative pronouns

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose)
- Discuss the function of each relative pronoun
- Form sentences using relative pronouns
- Create a chart showing relative pronouns and their usage

How do relative pronouns help us communicate effectively?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 207
- Sentence cards
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Sentence construction - Gap-filling exercises - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Responsive Listening - Showing Empathy and Providing Feedback

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Build empathy during conversations
- Provide feedback and paraphrase information to show understanding
- Support friends or family members sharing personal experiences with empathetic listening

The learner is guided to:
- Read conversations demonstrating empathy
- Identify phrases that show empathy (e.g., "I understand how you feel")
- Practise paraphrasing speakers' points
- Role-play conversations showing empathy

How do we show that we respect a speaker's emotions?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 189
- Dialogue scripts
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Role-play assessment - Oral presentation - Observation - Peer evaluation

Reading
Writing

Reading Fluency - Expressive Reading (Pitch, Pace, Volume)
Creative Writing - Descriptive Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate appropriate pitch, pace and volume when reading
- Read texts expressively bringing out feelings and emotions
- Perform poetry or narratives at cultural events with appropriate expression

The learner is guided to:
- Listen to audiobooks and identify features of expressive reading
- Practise reading with varied pitch, pace and volume
- Participate in choral or echo reading of poems
- Record expressive readings and share on digital platforms

How does expressive reading enhance communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 203
- Poems and narratives
- Audio recordings
- Recording devices
- Teacher's Guide
- Moran Skills in English pg. 218
- Pictures of cultural events
- Sample essays
- Digital devices

- Expressive reading assessment - Recording evaluation - Peer feedback - Observation

Grammar in Use

Relative Clauses - Defining and Non-defining Clauses

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Distinguish between defining and non-defining relative clauses
- Form relative clauses to provide additional information about nouns
- Add essential and extra information about cultural practices when writing or speaking

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify relative clauses
- Distinguish between defining and non-defining clauses
- Punctuate non-defining clauses correctly with commas
- Write sentences using both types of relative clauses

Why is it important to use a variety of sentences in communication?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 210
- Sample sentences
- Charts
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Clause identification - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Listening and Speaking

Speaking Fluency - Sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/, Word Stress, Onomatopoeia and Ideophones

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Pronounce words with sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/ accurately
- Stress disyllabic words correctly
- Use correct pronunciation when narrating cultural stories or performing traditional songs

The learner is guided to:
- Practise minimal pairs with sounds /ʊ/ and /u:/
- Identify and pronounce disyllabic words with correct stress
- Use onomatopoeic words and ideophones in oral contexts
- Role-play cultural activities using expressive language

Why should we articulate sounds correctly?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 192
- Word cards
- Audio recordings
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Pronunciation assessment - Word stress evaluation - Oral presentation - Peer feedback

Reading

Reading Fluency - Reader's Theatre and Choral Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Participate in reader's theatre activities
- Perform choral reading with appropriate expression
- Collaborate with peers to perform cultural texts at school assemblies or community events

The learner is guided to:
- Select poems or narratives for reader's theatre
- Assign portions of text to read in groups
- Practise and perform choral verses
- Record performances and share on digital platforms

How does collaborative reading improve fluency?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 205
- Poems on culture
- Narratives
- Recording devices
- Digital devices

- Performance assessment - Group evaluation - Recording review - Peer feedback

Reading

Reading Fluency - Reader's Theatre and Choral Reading

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Participate in reader's theatre activities
- Perform choral reading with appropriate expression
- Collaborate with peers to perform cultural texts at school assemblies or community events

The learner is guided to:
- Select poems or narratives for reader's theatre
- Assign portions of text to read in groups
- Practise and perform choral verses
- Record performances and share on digital platforms

How does collaborative reading improve fluency?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 205
- Poems on culture
- Narratives
- Recording devices
- Digital devices

- Performance assessment - Group evaluation - Recording review - Peer feedback

Writing

Creative Writing - Narrative Essays

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Outline the structure of narrative essays (introduction, rising action, climax, resolution)
- Write narrative essays with characters, plot and sequence of events
- Document personal experiences or family stories for future generations

The learner is guided to:
- Read sample narrative essays and identify structure
- Develop characters and plot for narrative essays
- Create plot diagrams showing sequence of events
- Write narrative essays about cultural experiences

How can we make a narrative composition interesting?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 222
- Sample narratives
- Plot diagram templates
- Digital devices
- Teacher's Guide

- Narrative writing assessment - Structure evaluation - Peer review - Rubrics

Grammar in Use

Adverbial Clauses - Place, Time and Reason

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverbial clauses of place, time and reason in texts
- Use adverbial clauses to express different meanings
- Explain when, where and why cultural events happen using appropriate clauses

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify adverbial clauses
- Classify adverbial clauses as place, time or reason
- Construct sentences using adverbial clauses
- Write stories about culture using adverbial clauses

How do adverbial clauses enhance our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 213
- Sample sentences
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Clause identification - Sentence construction - Peer assessment

Grammar in Use

Adverbial Clauses - Place, Time and Reason

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify adverbial clauses of place, time and reason in texts
- Use adverbial clauses to express different meanings
- Explain when, where and why cultural events happen using appropriate clauses

The learner is guided to:
- Read sentences and identify adverbial clauses
- Classify adverbial clauses as place, time or reason
- Construct sentences using adverbial clauses
- Write stories about culture using adverbial clauses

How do adverbial clauses enhance our writing?

- Moran Skills in English pg. 213
- Sample sentences
- Substitution tables
- Charts
- Teacher's Guide

- Written questions - Clause identification - Sentence construction - Peer assessment