Measurements

Pythagorean Relationship - Sides of a right-angled triangle
Pythagorean Relationship - Establishing the relationship

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the sides of a right-angled triangle
- Name the base, height and hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle
- Show interest in learning about right-angled triangles

- Read story of Linda and Methuselah using a ladder to climb a fruit tree
- Draw figure formed between tree, ladder and ground
- Identify the longest side (hypotenuse) and two shorter sides (base and height)

What are the sides of a right-angled triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 89
- Ladders
- Right-angled triangle models
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 91
- Square grids
- Rulers and pencils

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Measurements

Pythagorean Relationship - Finding unknown sides
Pythagorean Relationship - Real life applications

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to use Pythagorean relationship to find unknown sides
- Calculate unknown sides using a² + b² = c²
- Show confidence in applying the relationship

- Use formula c² = a² + b² to find hypotenuse
- Use formula a² = c² - b² to find shorter sides
- Solve problems like finding length of ramp and ladder

How do we find unknown sides using Pythagorean relationship?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 92
- Calculators
- Triangle diagrams
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 93
- Puzzles
- Digital devices

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Length - Converting units of length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify units of length (cm, dm, m, Dm, Hm)
- Convert units of length from one form to another
- Show interest in converting units of length

- Study Washika going up stairs labelled cm, dm, m, Dm, Hm
- Note that each step is 10 times the previous
- Generate conversion tables: 1 Hm = 10 Dm = 100 m = 1000 dm = 10000 cm

Why do we convert units of length?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 94
- Conversion charts
- Metre rulers

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Measurements

Length - Addition involving length
Length - Subtraction involving length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the process of adding lengths with different units
- Add lengths involving Hm, Dm, m, dm and cm
- Appreciate the use of addition of length in real life

- Study map showing distances between home, school and shopping centre
- Add lengths and regroup where necessary
- Solve problems like Munyao walking from home to market to school

How do we add lengths with different units?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 96
- Maps
- Number cards
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 98
- Number cards
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Length - Multiplication involving length

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to multiply lengths by whole numbers
- Multiply lengths involving Hm, Dm, m, dm and cm
- Value accuracy in multiplication of lengths

- Read story of Natasha fetching water from river twice daily
- Multiply each unit and regroup where necessary
- Solve problems about Jared's daily distance to school

How do we multiply lengths by whole numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 99
- Word problems
- Calculators

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Length - Division involving length
Length - Perimeter and circumference of circles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the process of dividing lengths
- Divide lengths involving Hm, Dm, m, dm and cm
- Show interest in division of lengths

- Read story of relay race team of 4 members covering 6 Hm 5 Dm 6 m
- Divide each unit starting from highest, convert remainders
- Solve problems about road sections tarmacked by workers

How do we divide lengths by whole numbers?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 100
- Word problems
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 101
- Circular objects
- Tape measures

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Area - Square metres, acres and hectares
Area - Area of a rectangle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify square metre, acre and hectare as units of area
- Convert between square metres, acres and hectares
- Show interest in units of measuring area

- Draw square measuring 1 m by 1 m and find area (1 m²)
- Walk around school compound and identify 1 acre piece of land
- Observe shapes with area of 1 hectare (100 m × 100 m)

What are the units of measuring area?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 106
- Metre rulers
- Tape measures
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 108
- Rectangular cut-outs
- Grid papers

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Measurements

Area - Area of a parallelogram

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Derive the formula for area of a parallelogram
- Calculate area of parallelograms
- Show confidence in finding area of parallelograms

- Cut out rectangle ABCD and mark point E on line AD
- Cut triangle ABE and paste on line DC to form parallelogram
- Discover: Area = Base length × Perpendicular height

How do we find the area of a parallelogram?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 110
- Paper cut-outs
- Scissors

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Area - Area of a rhombus
Area - Area of a trapezium

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Derive the formula for area of a rhombus
- Calculate area of rhombuses
- Value accuracy in calculating area

- Cut out square WXYZ and mark point K on line WX
- Cut triangle WKZ and paste on line XY to form rhombus
- Discover: Area = Base length × Perpendicular height

How do we find the area of a rhombus?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 112
- Square cut-outs
- Scissors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 114
- Paper cut-outs
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Area - Area of circles
Area - Area of borders

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Derive the formula for area of a circle
- Calculate area of circles using πr²
- Show interest in finding area of circles

- Draw circle with radius 7 cm and divide into 16 sectors
- Cut and rearrange sectors to form rectangle
- Discover: Length = πr, Width = r, Area = πr²

How do we find the area of a circle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 116
- Pair of compasses
- Manila paper
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 119
- Picture frames
- Diagrams

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Area - Area of combined shapes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify combined shapes
- Calculate area of combined shapes by dividing into simpler shapes
- Appreciate the application of area in real life

- Cut out combined shapes into rectangles, triangles and circles
- Calculate area of each part and add
- Practise with help of parent or guardian at home

How do we find the area of combined shapes?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 121
- Combined shape diagrams
- Calculators

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - The cubic metre (m³)
Volume and Capacity - Converting m³ to cm³

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify the cubic metre as a unit of measuring volume
- Make a model of a 1 metre cube
- Show interest in measuring volume

- Use metre rule, long sticks and strings to measure and cut 12 sticks of 1 m each
- Join sticks using strings to form a 1 metre cube
- Observe safety when using panga to cut sticks

What is a cubic metre?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 122
- Metre rule
- Long sticks, strings
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 123
- 1 metre cube model
- Calculators

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Observation

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Converting cm³ to m³

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain conversion of cm³ to m³
- Convert cubic centimetres to cubic metres
- Show confidence in converting units of volume

- Make number cards with volumes in cm³ (2,000,000 cm³, 7,000,000 cm³)
- Convert to m³ by dividing by 1,000,000
- Solve problems about oil tankers and water tanks

How do we convert cubic centimetres to cubic metres?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 124
- Number cards
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Volume of cubes
Volume and Capacity - Volume of cuboids

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for volume of a cube
- Calculate volume of cubes
- Value accuracy in calculating volume

- Draw cube and colour one face (cross-sectional area)
- Establish: Volume = Side × Side × Side
- Model cubes using clay, plasticine or manila paper

How do we find the volume of a cube?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 125
- Clay, plasticine
- Manila paper
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 126
- Clay, cartons
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Volume of cylinders
Volume and Capacity - Relating volume to capacity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the formula for volume of a cylinder
- Calculate volume of cylinders using πr²h
- Show interest in finding volume of cylinders

- Arrange pile of similar coins to form cylinder
- Measure diameter and height
- Establish: Volume = πr² × height

How do we find the volume of a cylinder?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 128
- Coins, cylindrical objects
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 130
- Containers, basin
- Measuring cylinder

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Volume and Capacity - Application of volume and capacity

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate capacity of containers in litres
- Solve problems involving volume and capacity
- Appreciate the application of volume and capacity in daily life

- Collect containers of different shapes
- Find volume and convert to capacity in litres
- Solve problems about tanks, tins and pipes

Where do we use volume and capacity in daily life?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 132
- Various containers
- Digital devices

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Units of measuring time
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting hours and minutes

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify units of measuring time
- Read time from clock faces and stopwatches
- Show interest in reading time

- Observe clock face with hour, minute and second hands
- Read time shown on stopwatches (hours, minutes, seconds)
- Draw clock faces showing different times

How do we read time from a clock face?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 134
- Clock faces
- Stopwatches
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 136
- Paper clock faces

- Oral questions - Practical activities - Observation

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Converting minutes and seconds

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the relationship between minutes and seconds
- Convert minutes to seconds and seconds to minutes
- Show confidence in converting time units

- Use stopwatch to observe seconds in different minutes
- Establish: 1 minute = 60 seconds
- Solve problems about water pumps, walking distances

How do we convert minutes to seconds?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 138
- Stopwatches
- Number cards

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Converting hours and seconds
Time, Distance and Speed - Converting units of distance

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- State the relationship between hours and seconds
- Convert hours to seconds and seconds to hours
- Value accuracy in converting time units

- Fill tables showing hours, minutes and seconds
- Establish: 1 hour = 3,600 seconds
- Solve problems about assignments, journeys and power saws

How do we convert hours to seconds?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 140
- Calculators
- Conversion charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 142
- Maps
- Measuring tapes

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Speed in km/h
Time, Distance and Speed - Speed in m/s

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define speed as distance covered per unit time
- Calculate speed in kilometres per hour
- Show interest in calculating speed

- Walk and run around athletics field (1 lap = 400 m)
- Record time taken for each activity
- Calculate: Speed = Distance ÷ Time

What is speed in kilometres per hour?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 144
- Athletics field
- Stopwatches
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 145
- Measuring tape

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Time, Distance and Speed - Converting km/h to m/s and vice versa

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain conversion of speed units
- Convert km/h to m/s and m/s to km/h
- Appreciate the importance of speed in daily activities

- Read story of school driver observing traffic rules
- Convert distance from km to m, time from hours to seconds
- Practice converting speed between km/h and m/s

How do we convert speed from km/h to m/s?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 146
- Conversion charts
- Digital devices

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Temperature - Temperature in our environment
Temperature - Comparing temperature

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define temperature as degree of hotness or coldness
- Describe temperature conditions as warm, hot or cold
- Show interest in learning about temperature

- Take walk outside classroom and observe temperature
- Discuss temperature conditions as warm, hot or cold
- Record temperature changes at different times of day

What is temperature?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 149
- Thermometers
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 150
- Ice cubes
- Metallic and wooden objects

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Measurements

Temperature - Units of measuring temperature
Temperature - Converting °C to Kelvin

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify Celsius (°C) and Kelvin (K) as units of temperature
- Read temperature from thermometers
- Show confidence in reading temperature

- Visit health centre to see thermometer
- Identify °C and K symbols on thermometer
- Measure water temperature before and after heating

What are the units of measuring temperature?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 151
- Thermometers
- Sufuria, water
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 153
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Temperature - Converting Kelvin to °C

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain conversion of Kelvin to degrees Celsius
- Convert temperature from Kelvin to degrees Celsius
- Appreciate the use of temperature conversions

- Complete table showing daily temperatures in Kelvin
- Convert to °C by subtracting 273
- Solve problems about melting points and town temperatures

How do we convert Kelvin to degrees Celsius?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 154
- Temperature tables
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Temperature - Temperature changes
Money - Profit

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Calculate rise or drop in temperature
- Solve problems involving temperature changes
- Show interest in temperature changes in daily life

- Record temperature at different times (8:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m.)
- Calculate temperature rise: Final temp - Initial temp
- Calculate temperature drop: Initial temp - Final temp

How do we calculate temperature changes?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 155
- Thermometers
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 157
- Classroom shop
- Paper money

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Money - Loss

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define loss in business transactions
- Calculate loss given buying and selling prices
- Appreciate the importance of avoiding loss in business

- Compare buying price and selling price in tables
- Identify when selling price is lower than buying price
- Establish: Loss = Buying price - Selling price

What is loss in business?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 159
- Price tables
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Money - Percentage profit
Money - Percentage loss

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define percentage profit
- Calculate percentage profit
- Show confidence in calculating percentage profit

- Draw tables with buying price, selling price and profit
- Work out percentage profit = (Profit ÷ Buying price) × 100%
- Solve problems about shirts, books and goods

How do we calculate percentage profit?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 160
- Tables
- Calculators
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 162

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Discount
Money - Percentage discount

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define discount as reduction from marked price
- Calculate discount given marked price and selling price
- Appreciate the benefit of discounts to buyers

- Read story of Regina bargaining for shoes in shop
- Establish: Discount = Marked price - Selling price
- Solve problems about blouses, blankets and bicycles

What is a discount?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 164
- Price tags
- Charts
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 166
- Tables
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Commission and percentage commission

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define commission as payment for selling goods
- Calculate commission and percentage commission
- Value the role of commission in business

- Read story of Mzee Mambo Leo's motor vehicle firm
- Study table showing Dansam's weekly commission
- Calculate: % Commission = (Commission ÷ Value of goods sold) × 100%

What is commission in business?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 167
- Commission tables
- Calculators

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Interpreting bills
Money - Preparing bills

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of bills
- Interpret components of bills (date, amount, items)
- Appreciate the importance of bills in transactions

- Look at water bills and electricity bills
- Identify components: billing date, metre number, amount payable
- Use digital devices to search for other types of bills

What are the components of a bill?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 171
- Sample bills
- Digital devices
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 172
- Bill formats
- Paper money

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Money - Postal charges

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify postal services and charges
- Calculate cost of sending letters, parcels and postcards
- Appreciate postal services in communication

- Visit nearby post office to gather information
- Prepare chart showing postal charges by mass limits
- Calculate costs for different letters and parcels

How do we calculate postal charges?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 173
- Postal charge tables
- Charts

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Measurements

Money - Mobile money services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify mobile money services (deposit, withdraw, transfer, save, borrow)
- Explain the importance of mobile money services
- Value the convenience of mobile money

- Read story of Mr Mamboleo using mobile money in his shop
- Identify services: pay bill, transfer, save, withdraw, borrow
- Complete word puzzle circling mobile money services

What are mobile money services?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 178
- Word puzzles
- Charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Mobile money services

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify mobile money services (deposit, withdraw, transfer, save, borrow)
- Explain the importance of mobile money services
- Value the convenience of mobile money

- Read story of Mr Mamboleo using mobile money in his shop
- Identify services: pay bill, transfer, save, withdraw, borrow
- Complete word puzzle circling mobile money services

What are mobile money services?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 178
- Word puzzles
- Charts

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Measurements

Money - Mobile money transactions

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Interpret mobile money transaction tables
- Calculate transfer costs, withdrawal costs and interest on loans
- Appreciate the efficiency of mobile money transactions

- Study Uwezo Mobile Money transaction tables
- Calculate costs for different transaction ranges
- Calculate interest on loans and savings from mobile lending apps

How do we calculate mobile money transaction costs?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 179
- Transaction tables
- Calculators

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Angles - Angles on a straight line
Angles - Angles at a point

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify angles formed on a straight line
- State that angles on a straight line add up to 180°
- Show interest in learning about angles

- Go outside classroom and identify angles made by objects in relation to ground
- Draw line AB and mark point P, measure angle APB using protractor
- Draw lines LP and KP and measure angles APL, LPK, KPB

What is the sum of angles on a straight line?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 184
- Protractors
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 186
- Paper cut-outs

- Oral questions - Written exercises - Observation

Geometry

Angles - Vertically opposite angles
Angles - Alternate angles on a transversal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify vertically opposite angles
- State that vertically opposite angles are equal
- Show confidence in working with vertically opposite angles

- Trace and cut out figure with angles a, b, c and d
- Use protractor to measure each angle
- Compare angles: a = c, b = d (vertically opposite angles are equal)

What are vertically opposite angles?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 187
- Protractors
- Scissors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 188
- Rulers

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Angles - Corresponding angles on a transversal

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify corresponding angles on a transversal
- State that corresponding angles are equal
- Show interest in properties of corresponding angles

- Draw pair of parallel lines and a transversal
- Mark angles v and r, cut them out
- Compare by placing one on top of the other (corresponding angles are equal)

What are corresponding angles?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 190
- Rulers
- Scissors, protractors

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Angles - Co-interior angles on a transversal
Angles - Angles in a parallelogram

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify co-interior angles on a transversal
- State that co-interior angles add up to 180°
- Appreciate the relationship between co-interior angles

- Draw pair of parallel lines and a transversal
- Mark angles n and p, cut them out
- Place two angles on a straight line and observe they add up to 180°

What is the sum of co-interior angles?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 191
- Rulers
- Scissors, protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 193
- Straws, string
- Protractors

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Angles - Interior angles of triangles, rectangles, squares

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify interior angles of triangles, rectangles and squares
- Calculate sum of interior angles
- Value the properties of interior angles

- Trace and draw triangle, cut angles a, b, c and make straight line (sum = 180°)
- Trace rectangle and square, measure interior angles
- Establish sum of interior angles is 360° for quadrilaterals

What is the sum of interior angles of a triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 195
- Protractors
- Polygon cut-outs

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Angles - Interior angles of rhombus, parallelogram, trapezium, pentagon, hexagon

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify interior angles of various polygons
- Calculate sum of interior angles using formula (n-2) × 180°
- Appreciate the relationship between sides and interior angles

- Trace and cut out rhombus, parallelogram, trapezium
- Measure interior angles and find sums
- Sub-divide pentagon into 3 triangles, hexagon into 4 triangles

How do we calculate sum of interior angles of any polygon?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 197
- Polygon cut-outs
- Protractors

- Written exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Angles - Exterior angles of polygons
Geometrical Constructions - Measuring angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify exterior angles of polygons
- State that sum of exterior angles of any polygon is 360°
- Show interest in calculating exterior angles

- Trace and cut out quadrilateral, measure exterior angles A, B, C, D
- Find sum of exterior angles (360°)
- Draw and find sum of exterior angles of pentagon, hexagon

What is the sum of exterior angles of any polygon?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 201
- Polygon cut-outs
- Protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 207
- Protractors
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Class activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Bisecting angles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Define angle bisector
- Bisect angles using a pair of compasses
- Appreciate the use of bisecting angles

- Trace and draw lines, measure angles ABC, ABD and DBC
- With compasses at point L, mark arcs on lines LK and LM at P and W
- With same radius at P and W, draw arcs to intersect at O, join O to L

What is an angle bisector?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 208
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 90° angle
Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 45° angle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct an angle of 90° using a pair of compasses and ruler
- Verify the constructed angle using a protractor
- Show confidence in constructing 90° angles

- Draw horizontal line, mark point A
- With compasses at A, make arcs on line at points X and Y
- With centres X and Y, draw arcs above line to intersect at T, join T to A

How do we construct an angle of 90°?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 210
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers, protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 211
- Rulers

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 60° angle
Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 30° angle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct an angle of 60° using a pair of compasses and ruler
- Verify the constructed angle using a protractor
- Show interest in constructing angles

- Draw straight line, mark point A
- With A as centre, make arc intersecting line at Y
- With Y as centre and same radius, draw arc to intersect first at K, join K to A

How do we construct an angle of 60°?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 213
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers, protractors
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 214
- Rulers

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 120° angle

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct an angle of 120° using a pair of compasses and ruler
- Verify the constructed angle
- Show confidence in constructing obtuse angles

- Draw straight line, mark point M
- With centre M, make arc at C, with centre C make arc at E
- With centre E and same radius, make arc at F, join E to M (angle EMB = 120°)

How do we construct an angle of 120°?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 215
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers, protractors

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing 105° and 75° angles
Geometrical Constructions - Constructing equilateral triangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct angles of 105° and 75°
- Combine construction of 90° and 60° to get 105°
- Value the application of angle constructions

- Draw line MN, mark point T
- Construct 90° angle (NTO = 90°), then construct 60° on other side (angle KTO = 60°)
- Bisect angle KTO to get 30°, thus angle PTN = 90° + 15° = 105°

How do we construct an angle of 105°?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 216
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers
- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 218

- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing isosceles triangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct isosceles triangles given side measurements
- Verify that two sides and two angles are equal
- Show confidence in constructing triangles

- Draw straight line, mark point M, mark point N 5 cm away
- With M as centre and radius 7 cm, draw arc above line
- With N as centre and radius 5 cm, draw arc to intersect at P, join points

How do we construct an isosceles triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 219
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing isosceles triangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct isosceles triangles given side measurements
- Verify that two sides and two angles are equal
- Show confidence in constructing triangles

- Draw straight line, mark point M, mark point N 5 cm away
- With M as centre and radius 7 cm, draw arc above line
- With N as centre and radius 5 cm, draw arc to intersect at P, join points

How do we construct an isosceles triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 219
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing scalene triangles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct scalene triangles given three side measurements
- Verify that all sides and angles are different
- Value accuracy in triangle constructions

- Draw straight line, mark point A, mark point B 6 cm away
- With A as centre and radius 5 cm, draw arc
- With B as centre and radius 8 cm, draw arc to intersect at C, join points

How do we construct a scalene triangle?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 220
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Practical exercises - Oral questions - Observation

Geometry

Geometrical Constructions - Constructing circles

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Construct circles given radius or diameter
- Measure and verify the dimensions of constructed circles
- Appreciate the application of geometrical constructions in real life

- Use pair of compasses to draw circles with different diameters
- Measure diameter of circles drawn
- Calculate radius from diameter (radius = diameter ÷ 2)

How do we construct circles with given measurements?

- Smart Minds Mathematics Learner's Book pg. 221
- Pair of compasses
- Rulers

- Written assignments - Practical activities - Oral questions