Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Identifying cutting tools
Cutting Tools - Collecting and identifying cutting tools
Cutting Tools - Uses of hacksaws and handsaws
Cutting Tools - Uses of chisels and planes
Cutting Tools - Uses of snips, scrappers and other cutting tools
Cutting Tools - Selecting appropriate cutting tools
Cutting Tools - Using a handsaw safely
Cutting Tools - Using a hacksaw safely
Cutting Tools - Using a wood chisel
Cutting Tools - Using snips to cut metal sheets
Cutting Tools - Using wire cutters

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify various cutting tools used in the work environment
- Name cutting tools found in the locality
- Appreciate the diversity of cutting tools

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures of different cutting tools
- Identify each of the tools
- Discuss which tools have been seen or used
- Name other cutting tools found in the locality

What cutting tools are commonly used in our locality?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 80
- Pictures of cutting tools
- Real cutting tools (hacksaws, handsaws, chisels, planes, snips)
- Charts showing cutting tools
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 81
- Various cutting tools from locality
- Storage containers
- Notebooks for recording
- Hacksaws and handsaws
- Metal rods, plastic pipes, wood pieces
- Pictures showing tool applications
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 82
- Wood chisels and cold chisels
- Various types of planes
- Wood and metal samples
- Safety equipment
- Tin snips and aviation snips
- Scrappers
- Various knives
- Wire strippers
- Different types of cutters
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 83
- Previously collected cutting tools
- Classification charts
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 85
- Handsaws
- Pieces of timber
- Tape measure, try square, pencil
- Clamps
- Working surface
- Protective gear (gloves, goggles)
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 86
- Hacksaws
- Metal rods and plastic pipes
- Scriber
- Bench vice
- Working bench
- Protective gloves and overalls
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 88
- Wood chisels
- Mallet
- Pencil and ruler
- Protective gloves and goggles
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 89
- Tin snips or aviation snips
- Metallic sheets
- Scriber and steel rule
- Tape measure
- Protective gloves
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 91
- Wire cutters
- Wires of different sizes
- Marking tools

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Tools and Production

Cutting Tools - Using planes and scrappers
Cutting Tools - Using wire strippers and knives
Cutting Tools - Caring for cutting tools
Cutting Tools - Importance of cutting tools in the workplace
Computer Software - Meaning and examples of computer software
Computer Software - Categories of computer software
Computer Software - Functions of word processors
Computer Software - Using Microsoft Word
Computer Software - Functions of presentation software
Computer Software - Using Microsoft PowerPoint
Computer Software - Saving and printing PowerPoint presentations
Computer Software - Functions of spreadsheet software
Computer Software - Using Microsoft Excel

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Use a plane to smoothen and reduce timber thickness
- Use a scrapper to remove embedded dirt
- Apply proper techniques for each tool

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use jack plane to smoothen timber surface
- Practice reducing thickness of timber
- Wear protective gear (safety goggles)
- Use scrapper to remove embedded dirt from surfaces
- Hold scrapper at 30° angle
- Practice scraping different surfaces

How do planes and scrappers prepare surfaces?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 90
- Jack plane
- Scrappers
- Pieces of timber
- Surfaces with embedded dirt
- Safety goggles
- Protective gloves
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 92
- Wire strippers
- Insulated wires
- Utility/sliding knives
- Cardboard paper
- Ruler and pencil
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 95
- Various cutting tools
- Digital devices
- Internet access
- Tool maintenance materials
- Pictures of tool care
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 96
- Manila papers
- Markers and colors
- Pictures of cutting tools
- Reference materials
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 97
- Digital devices (computers, tablets)
- Pictures showing software use
- Reference books
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 99
- Computers with different software
- Microsoft Windows
- Examples of application software
- Charts showing software categories
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 100
- Computer laboratory
- Microsoft Word software
- Sample documents
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 101
- Computers with Microsoft Word
- Printers
- Practice documents
- Step-by-step guides
- Microsoft PowerPoint software
- Sample presentations
- Projector (if available)
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 103
- Computers with Microsoft PowerPoint
- Practice presentation topics
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 107
- Computers with PowerPoint
- Email access
- USB drives for saving
- Microsoft Excel software
- Sample spreadsheets with data
- Charts and graphs examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 109
- Computers with Microsoft Excel
- Sample data for entry
- Practice worksheets

- Practical work - Observation - Safety compliance

Tools and Production
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship

Computer Software - Saving and printing Excel worksheets
Computer Software - Importance of application software
Bookkeeping - Meaning of assets, liabilities and capital
Bookkeeping - Identifying assets
Bookkeeping - Understanding liabilities and capital
Bookkeeping - Meaning and importance of bookkeeping
Bookkeeping - Bookkeeping equation (Assets = Capital)
Bookkeeping - Bookkeeping equation (Assets = Capital + Liabilities)
Bookkeeping - Expressing scenarios using bookkeeping equation
Bookkeeping - Business transactions (Cash and Credit)
Bookkeeping - Types of business transactions
Bookkeeping - Cost, price, profit and loss
Bookkeeping - Statement of financial position
Bookkeeping - Preparing statement of financial position
Income and Budgeting - Sources of income for an individual
Income and Budgeting - Understanding income sources
Income and Budgeting - Importance of budgeting
Income and Budgeting - Benefits of budgeting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Save Excel worksheets with appropriate names
- Print Excel worksheets
- Manage Excel files effectively

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Practice saving worksheets by clicking File then Save As
- Select location and type file name
- Learn to print worksheets with print settings
- Practice creating, saving and printing a class project spreadsheet
- Store printed work in portfolio

How do we save and print Excel worksheets?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 111
- Computers with Excel
- Printers
- Sample worksheets
- USB drives
- Portfolios for storing work
- Mentor Pre-Technical Studies Grade 8 pg. 112
- Manila papers and markers
- Case studies of software use
- Reference materials
- Digital devices
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 114
- Textbooks
- Internet access
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 115
- Pictures of assets
- Charts
- Real business examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 116
- Case study materials
- Business scenarios
- Reference books
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 117
- Charts showing bookkeeping importance
- Sample business records
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 118
- Calculators
- Practice worksheets
- Charts showing equation
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 119
- Practice exercises
- Worksheets
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 120
- Practice tables
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 121
- Real transaction examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 122
- School canteen examples
- Transaction scenarios
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 123
- Pictures of business transactions
- Practice scenarios
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 124
- Sample statements
- Business examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 125
- Blank statement templates
- Business data
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 136
- Charts showing income sources
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 137
- Income source charts
- Real-life examples
- Digital resources
- Sample income statements
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 138
- Budget examples
- Family scenario materials
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 139
- Charts showing benefits

- Practical work - Observation - Saved files assessment

Entrepreneurship

Income and Budgeting - Ways of spending money wisely
Income and Budgeting - Preparing a simple budget
Income and Budgeting - Ethical practices in budgeting
Income and Budgeting - Unethical practices to avoid
Income and Budgeting - Importance of financial planning
Marketing of Goods and Services - Meaning of market and marketing
Marketing of Goods and Services - Understanding marketing process
Marketing of Goods and Services - Importance of marketing
Marketing of Goods and Services - Sources of market information
Marketing of Goods and Services - Analyzing market information sources
Marketing of Goods and Services - Factors in selecting markets
Marketing of Goods and Services - ICT tools for marketing
Marketing of Goods and Services - Recognizing suitable markets
Distribution of Goods and Services - Meaning and role of intermediaries
Distribution of Goods and Services - Roles of wholesalers and retailers
Distribution of Goods and Services - Channels for distributing goods
Distribution of Goods and Services - Preparing distribution charts
Distribution of Goods and Services - Case study on distribution
Distribution of Goods and Services - Ethics in distribution
Distribution of Goods and Services - Importance of distribution in community

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify ways to spend money wisely
- Create tips for wise spending
- Demonstrate financial responsibility

- Study poster made by Grade 8 learners
- Discuss tips on spending money wisely
- Discuss other ways of spending money wisely
- Create quotes on spending money wisely
- Display work in classroom for peer review

What are smart ways to spend money?

- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 140
- Sample posters
- Manila papers
- Markers
- Digital devices
- Display materials
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 141
- Sample budgets
- Budget templates
- Calculators
- Practice scenarios
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 142
- Case study materials
- Charts
- Reference materials
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 143
- Charts showing practices
- Scenarios
- Discussion materials
- Reference books
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 144
- Financial planning examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 147
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 148
- Marketing examples
- Pictures of advertisements
- Digital resources
- Sample marketing materials
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 149
- Pictures and posters
- Flashcards
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 150
- Newspaper articles
- Sample surveys
- Social media examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 151
- Internet access
- Textbooks
- Sample market research
- Notebooks
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 152
- Charts showing factors
- Business examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 153
- Marketing case studies
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 154
- Product samples
- Market analysis charts
- Case studies
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 156
- Pictures of distribution
- Product examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 157
- Charts showing roles
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 158
- Distribution charts
- Video clips
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 159
- Business case studies
- Chart examples
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 160
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 161
- Debate guidelines
- Ethics diagrams
- Mentor Pre-Technical Grade 8, pg. 162
- Community examples

- Practical work - Portfolio assessment - Peer review