Conservation of Resources

Controlling Soil Pollution - Causes of soil pollution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of soil pollution
- Identify causes of soil pollution in gardening
- Appreciate the need to prevent soil pollution

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Search and watch a video clip or print media on causes of soil pollution
- Share experiences on causes of soil pollution such as waste water, excessive use of artificial fertilizers, agricultural chemicals and plastic wastes
- Identify causes of soil pollution from provided pictures
- Discuss their findings with classmates

How can household practices cause soil pollution?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 1
- Digital resources (videos on soil pollution)
- Pictures showing soil pollution

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Controlling Soil Pollution - Causes of soil pollution
Controlling Soil Pollution - Methods of controlling soil pollution

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify causes of soil pollution in the environment
- Explain how waste water causes soil pollution
- Show concern for the effects of soil pollution

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Plan and take a visit to different places in the locality
- Observe the causes of soil pollution in the environment
- Find out measures taken to control soil pollution
- Note down observations and take photographs if possible
- Discuss and share findings with classmates

What are the major causes of soil pollution in our locality?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 2
- Digital camera
- Notebook and pen
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 3
- Pictures showing soil pollution control methods
- Charts
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written report

Conservation of Resources

Controlling Soil Pollution - Methods of controlling soil pollution
Controlling Soil Pollution - Safe farming methods to conserve soil

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to dispose of dirty water to control soil pollution
- Practically dispose of waste water
- Demonstrate responsibility in preventing soil pollution

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Observe practical demonstration of disposing of wastewater
- Discuss how to dispose of wastewater
- Discuss other ways to dispose of wastewater to control soil pollution
- Practice disposing of wastewater in school to control soil pollution
- Share experiences with classmates

How should we dispose of waste water to control soil pollution?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 4
- Waste water
- Disposal facilities
- Protective gear
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 5
- Plastic containers
- Samples of plants
- Growing medium
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 6
- Pictures showing safe farming methods
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions

Conservation of Resources

Controlling Soil Pollution - Creating awareness messages
Constructing Water Retention Structures - Use of surface run-off in gardening

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Create awareness messages against soil pollution
- Communicate effectively about soil conservation
- Appreciate their role in creating awareness about soil pollution

- Study a poster about soil conservation made by a Grade 7 learner
- Create awareness messages about disposal of wastewater, dumping plastic wastes, used chemical containers, and use of farm chemicals and artificial fertilizers
- Make a poster about controlling soil pollution
- Share the poster with classmates

How can we create awareness messages to control soil pollution?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 7
- Chart papers
- Colored markers
- Sample posters
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 9
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Pictures of water retention structures

- Observation - Assessment of posters - Oral presentation

Conservation of Resources

Constructing Water Retention Structures - Types of water retention structures
Constructing Water Retention Structures - Construction of water retention structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different types of water retention structures
- Distinguish between water retention ditches and pits
- Value water conservation techniques

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing water retention structures
- Identify the water retention structures shown in the pictures
- Discuss how the water retention structures are used in gardening
- Share ideas with classmates

What types of water retention structures can be used to conserve run-off?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 10
- Pictures of water retention structures
- Digital resources
- Digital camera
- Notebook and pen

- Observation - Oral questions - Picture identification

Conservation of Resources

Constructing Water Retention Structures - Constructing a water retention ditch

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to construct a water retention ditch
- Use appropriate tools to construct a water retention ditch
- Work collaboratively with others in constructing a water retention ditch

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Wear protective equipment
- Identify a site for constructing a run-off retention ditch in the school garden
- Ensure the site has an inlet for run-off to flow in
- Measure the site and clear the vegetation
- Dig the site and scoop out the soil to make a run-off retention ditch

How do we construct a water retention ditch for surface run-off conservation?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 11
- Panga
- Measuring tape
- Jembe or forked jembe
- Spade
- Protective wear

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Constructing Water Retention Structures - Completing the water retention ditch

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Complete the construction of a water retention ditch
- Apply the skills of constructing a water retention ditch
- Work safely with others

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Continue with the construction of the water retention ditch
- Shape the ditch to ensure it can properly collect and retain run-off water
- Ensure the ditch has proper dimensions for effective water conservation
- Clean and store tools after use

How can we ensure effective water conservation using our constructed ditch?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 12
- Jembe or forked jembe
- Spade
- Protective wear

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Constructing Water Retention Structures - Identifying crops for water retention structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify suitable crops to grow at surface run-off retention structures
- Explain why specific crops are suitable for water retention structures
- Appreciate the value of appropriate crop selection

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing types of crops that can be planted at run-off retention structures
- Identify the crops shown in the pictures
- Discuss other crops that can be grown at run-off retention structures
- Give reasons for choosing the identified crops
- Share ideas with classmates

What types of crops are suitable for growing at water retention structures?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 12
- Pictures of suitable crops for water retention structures
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Constructing Water Retention Structures - Planting crops at water retention structures

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plant crops at the water retention structure
- Demonstrate proper planting techniques
- Show responsibility in crop establishment

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss and agree on available crops to plant at the run-off retention structure
- Get planting materials and plant them by digging spaced holes on the edge of the run-off conservation structure
- Put manure in the holes and mix with soil
- Place the planting material and cover with soil
- Cover the soil around the plants with mulch
- Care for crops until they mature for harvesting

How do we establish crops at water retention structures?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 13
- Jembe or forked jembe
- Spade
- Protective wear
- Planting materials
- Manure
- Mulch

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Constructing Water Retention Structures - Maintenance of water retention structures
Conserving Food Nutrients - Ways of conserving vitamins and minerals in vegetables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain how to maintain water retention structures
- Care for crops planted at water retention structures
- Value the importance of maintaining water retention structures

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the importance of maintaining water retention structures
- Identify methods of maintaining water retention structures
- Perform maintenance activities such as removing silt, repairing damaged parts, and watering plants
- Monitor the growth of established plants

How can we maintain water retention structures for effective functioning?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 14
- Water retention structure
- Maintenance tools
- Watering can
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 15
- Digital resources
- Print media
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Practical assessment

Conservation of Resources

Conserving Food Nutrients - Ways of conserving vitamins and minerals in vegetables

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify practices of preparing vegetables to conserve nutrients
- Explain how to conserve nutrients when preparing vegetables
- Show interest in proper food preparation

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing practices of preparing vegetables
- Identify the practices shown in the pictures
- Discuss how to carry out the practices shown to conserve nutrients
- Share ideas with classmates

What practices should we follow when preparing vegetables to conserve nutrients?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 16
- Pictures showing vegetable preparation practices
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Picture identification

Conservation of Resources

Conserving Food Nutrients - Ways of cooking vegetables to conserve nutrients

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Describe the best cooking methods to conserve nutrients in vegetables
- Explain the reason for cooking vegetables for a short time
- Value proper cooking methods for nutrient conservation

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Use digital and print media to search for information on best cooking methods to conserve nutrients and reasons for cooking vegetables for a short time
- Discuss findings and write short notes
- Present work to classmates

Why is it important to use appropriate cooking methods for vegetables?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 17
- Digital resources
- Print media
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Presentations

Conservation of Resources

Conserving Food Nutrients - Preparing vegetables to conserve nutrients

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to prepare vegetables to conserve minerals and vitamins
- Follow correct procedures in washing vegetables
- Show responsibility in food preparation

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Wash hands with clean water and soap
- Arrange the vegetables to be prepared
- Wash vegetables in a clean basin with water
- Rinse the vegetables in another basin and drain
- Chop the vegetables into large pieces in preparation for cooking
- Rinse hands with water after preparing the vegetables

How do we prepare vegetables to conserve minerals and vitamins?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 18
- Fresh vegetables
- Clean water
- Basins
- Knife
- Chopping board

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Conserving Food Nutrients - Steaming vegetables to conserve nutrients
Conserving Food Nutrients - Stir-frying vegetables to conserve nutrients

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to steam vegetables to conserve nutrients
- Follow correct steaming procedures
- Work safely with cooking equipment

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Put chopped vegetables in a cooking pot and cover with a lid
- Place the cooking pot over the source of heat and lower the heat
- Let the vegetables cook in steam for about three minutes
- Turn the vegetables with a cooking stick to cook evenly
- Place the lid and let the vegetables cook for some more minutes
- Serve the food when hot or let it cool down for storage
- Clean and properly store the utensils after use

How do we steam vegetables to conserve nutrients?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 18
- Chopped vegetables
- Cooking pot with lid
- Source of heat
- Cooking stick
- Protective equipment
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 19
- Cooking pot or pan
- Cooking oil
- Heat source

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Conserving Food Nutrients - Comparing cooking methods for nutrient conservation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Compare different cooking methods for conserving nutrients
- Make informed choices about cooking methods
- Value optimal nutrient retention in food

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss different cooking methods for vegetables (steaming, stir-frying, boiling)
- Compare the methods in terms of nutrient retention
- Prepare a chart showing advantages and disadvantages of each method
- Present findings to classmates

Which cooking method best preserves nutrients in vegetables?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 20
- Chart paper
- Markers
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Chart assessment - Presentations

Conservation of Resources

Conserving Food Nutrients - Conserving nutrients in other foods

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain ways of conserving nutrients in other foods besides vegetables
- Apply nutrient conservation principles to different foods
- Appreciate the importance of nutrient conservation in all foods

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss ways of conserving nutrients in different food categories (fruits, grains, meat, etc.)
- Identify specific methods for each food category
- Create a table showing foods and their appropriate nutrient conservation methods
- Share findings with classmates

How can we conserve nutrients in different types of foods?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 21
- Reference materials
- Digital resources
- Chart paper
- Markers

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Conserving Food Nutrients - Review of nutrient conservation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize ways of conserving vitamins and minerals in vegetables
- Explain the importance of nutrient conservation in food
- Show commitment to proper food preparation and cooking

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Review all the methods of conserving nutrients in vegetables (washing, peeling, cutting, cooking time, covering)
- Discuss the importance of each method
- Complete a worksheet on nutrient conservation
- Share worksheets with classmates

Why is it important to conserve nutrients in our foods?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 21
- Worksheets
- Reference materials
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments - Quiz

Conservation of Resources

Growing Trees - Importance of trees in conserving the environment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of tree growing
- Search for information about the importance of trees
- Appreciate the role of trees in environmental conservation

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Work in groups to search for information on the importance of trees in conserving the environment
- Use available digital and print media
- Discuss findings and write short notes
- Share findings with classmates

How can growing trees conserve the environment?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 22
- Digital resources
- Print media
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Conservation of Resources

Growing Trees - Importance of trees in conserving the environment
Growing Trees - Planting materials for trees

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different ways trees help conserve the environment
- Explain the importance of planting trees in the locality
- Value the environmental benefits of trees

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the importance of planting trees in the locality
- Identify ways trees conserve the environment (cleaning air, preventing soil erosion, water retention, etc.)
- Create a mind map showing the importance of trees
- Share ideas with classmates

What are the environmental benefits of planting trees?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 22
- Chart paper
- Markers
- Digital resources
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 23
- Pictures of planting materials
- Actual planting materials (seeds, seedlings, cuttings)

- Observation - Oral questions - Mind map assessment

Conservation of Resources

Growing Trees - Planting trees

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate how to plant trees from different materials
- Follow correct tree planting procedures
- Embrace tree planting to conserve the environment

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Get locally available materials for planting trees
- Prepare planting holes of appropriate size
- Add manure or compost to the planting holes
- Plant the tree using appropriate techniques for the specific planting material
- Water the planted tree and apply mulch if necessary

How do we plant trees correctly to ensure their survival?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 23
- Tree planting materials (seeds, seedlings, cuttings)
- Digging tools (jembe, spade)
- Manure or compost
- Watering can
- Mulching material

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Conservation of Resources

Growing Trees - Caring for tree seedlings

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify methods of caring for tree seedlings
- Demonstrate tree care techniques
- Show responsibility in caring for planted trees

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing methods of caring for tree seedlings (watering, mulching, weeding, protecting)
- Identify the methods shown in the pictures
- Practice the tree care methods on the planted trees
- Discuss the importance of caring for tree seedlings

How do we care for tree seedlings until they are fully established?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 24
- Pictures showing tree care methods
- Watering can
- Mulching material
- Weeding tools
- Tree guards or fencing material

- Observation - Practical assessment - Oral questions

Conservation of Resources

Growing Trees - Benefits of tree planting

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the economic benefits of tree planting
- Discuss the social benefits of tree planting
- Advocate for tree planting in the community

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the economic benefits of tree planting (timber, fruits, medicine, etc.)
- Discuss the social benefits of tree planting (shade, beauty, recreation, etc.)
- Create posters promoting tree planting in the community
- Present posters to classmates

What benefits can we get from planting trees?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 24
- Chart paper
- Markers
- Digital resources
- Pictures of tree products

- Observation - Oral questions - Poster assessment - Presentations

Conservation of Resources

Growing Trees - Tree planting projects
Growing Trees - Review of tree growing

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plan a tree planting project
- Work collaboratively with others
- Show commitment to environmental conservation

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Plan a tree planting project for the school or community
- Identify suitable sites and tree species
- Develop a timeline and maintenance schedule
- Assign responsibilities to group members
- Present the project plan to classmates

How can we implement a successful tree planting project?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 25
- Planning sheets
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Assessment sheets

- Observation - Project plan assessment - Presentations - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Determining appropriate tilth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of tilth
- Identify different types of tilth
- Appreciate the importance of appropriate tilth for planting

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the meaning of tilth in relation to soil condition
- Study pictures showing different types of planting materials
- Identify crops that can be established from different planting materials
- Discuss the type of tilth needed for each planting material

How does planting material determine planting site preparation?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 26
- Pictures of different planting materials
- Digital resources
- Soil samples
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 27
- Pictures of planting materials
- Chart showing planting materials and tilth

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Preparing fine tilth
Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Planting in fine tilth
Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Preparing medium tilth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate preparation of fine tilth for small-sized seeds
- Use appropriate tools for preparing planting site
- Work safely with garden tools

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Wear protective equipment and select appropriate tools
- Identify a site for establishing a fine tilth
- Measure and clear the area
- Dig the site and break soil lumps to a fine texture
- Remove stones and other rough materials
- Level the soil with a rake and loosen any soil lumps

How do we prepare fine tilth for small-sized seeds?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 28
- Panga
- Forked jembe or hoe
- Rake
- Protective equipment
- Small-sized seeds
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 29
- Watering can
- Water
- Mulching material
- Manure
- Medium-sized seeds

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Planting in medium tilth
Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Preparing coarse tilth

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plant medium-sized seeds in medium tilth
- Apply appropriate planting techniques
- Demonstrate responsibility in crop establishment

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Sow medium-sized seeds into prepared holes
- Cover the holes with soil
- Water the site if the soil is dry
- Apply mulch if necessary
- Continue caring for the crops

How do we plant medium-sized seeds in medium tilth?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 30
- Medium-sized seeds
- Watering can
- Water
- Mulching material
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 31
- Panga
- Forked jembe or hoe
- Manure
- Protective equipment
- Large planting materials

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Planting in coarse tilth
Preparing Planting Site and Establishing Crop - Review of crop establishment

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Plant large planting materials in coarse tilth
- Apply appropriate planting techniques
- Demonstrate care for planted crops

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Plant large planting materials (tubers, suckers, cuttings) into prepared holes
- Water the site if the soil is dry
- Apply mulch at the base of the planted materials
- Continue caring for the crops until they grow to maturity

How do we plant large planting materials in coarse tilth?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 32
- Large planting materials
- Watering can
- Water
- Mulching material
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 33
- Assessment sheets
- Chart paper
- Markers
- Digital resources

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Selected Crop Management Practices - Types of crop management practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the meaning of crop management practices
- Identify different crop management practices
- Appreciate the importance of crop management

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Search for information on crop management practices (gapping, thinning, weeding, earthing-up)
- Discuss findings and write short notes
- Share findings with classmates

How can we carry out management practices in crop production?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 34
- Digital resources
- Print media
- Reference materials

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assignments

Food Production Processes

Selected Crop Management Practices - Identifying crop management practices

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different crop management practices from pictures
- Explain the purpose of each management practice
- Value proper crop management

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing crop management practices
- Identify the practices shown in the pictures
- Discuss the purpose of each practice
- Share ideas with classmates

What management practices are important in crop production?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 34
- Pictures showing crop management practices
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Picture identification

Food Production Processes

Selected Crop Management Practices - Importance of crop management
Selected Crop Management Practices - Gapping in crop management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Explain the importance of different crop management practices
- Discuss when to carry out each practice
- Show interest in proper crop management

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Discuss the importance of gapping, thinning, weeding, and earthing-up
- Explain when each practice should be carried out
- Create a table showing practices and their importance
- Share completed tables with classmates

Why are management practices important in crop production?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 35
- Chart paper
- Markers
- Digital resources
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 36
- Panga
- Forked jembe or hoe
- Manure
- Planting materials
- Protective equipment
- Water and watering can

- Observation - Oral questions - Table assessment

Food Production Processes

Selected Crop Management Practices - Thinning in crop management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate thinning in crop management
- Apply appropriate thinning techniques
- Show care for crop health

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Wear protective equipment and visit the garden
- Water the garden if the soil is dry to make it loose
- Thin the crops if they are overcrowded by uprooting the weaker plants
- Ensure plants have enough spaces for healthy growth
- Leave uprooted plants to rot or transplant them

How do we carry out thinning to prevent overcrowding?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 37
- Protective equipment
- Water and watering can

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Selected Crop Management Practices - Weeding in crop management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate weeding in crop management
- Apply appropriate weeding techniques
- Work safely with garden tools

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Wear protective equipment and visit the garden
- Remove weeds from the garden carefully to avoid damaging crops
- Uproot weeds with hands or using tools like forked jembe or panga
- Collect weeds to make compost manure or leave them to dry out and rot on the soil

How do we carry out weeding to reduce competition for nutrients?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 38
- Protective equipment
- Small forked jembe or panga

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Selected Crop Management Practices - Earthing-up in crop management

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate earthing-up in crop management
- Apply appropriate earthing-up techniques
- Value the importance of earthing-up for certain crops

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Wear protective equipment and visit the garden
- Gather soil around crops carefully to avoid damaging or exposing roots
- Use small forked jembe, panga, or hands for earthing-up
- Ensure soil forms a mound around the base of plants

How do we carry out earthing-up to support plant growth?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 38
- Protective equipment
- Small forked jembe or panga

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Selected Crop Management Practices - Review of crop management practices
Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - How to prepare animal products

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Summarize different crop management practices
- Explain when each practice should be applied
- Show commitment to proper crop management

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Review all crop management practices (gapping, thinning, weeding, earthing-up)
- Discuss the importance and timing of each practice
- Complete an assessment on crop management practices
- Share assessments with classmates

Why is it important to carry out proper crop management practices?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 39
- Assessment sheets
- Digital resources
- Reference materials
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 40
- Print media

- Observation - Oral questions - Written assessment

Food Production Processes

Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Sorting and grading eggs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify factors for sorting and grading eggs
- Explain the purpose of sorting and grading eggs
- Value proper handling of eggs

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing sorting and grading of eggs
- Identify the factors considered when sorting and grading eggs (size, cleanliness, shell quality)
- Discuss other factors to consider when sorting and grading eggs
- Share ideas with classmates

How do we sort and grade eggs to ensure quality?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 41
- Pictures showing egg sorting and grading
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Picture identification

Food Production Processes

Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Packing eggs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify items used for packing eggs
- Explain the importance of proper egg packing
- Show care when handling eggs

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing items used for packing eggs
- Identify the items shown in the pictures
- Discuss other items that can be used for packing eggs safely
- Share ideas with classmates

How do we pack eggs to ensure they remain intact?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 41
- Pictures showing egg packing items
- Actual egg packing items (trays, cartons)
- Digital resources

- Observation - Oral questions - Identification assessment

Food Production Processes

Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Field visit for egg preparation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Observe egg preparation in a real setting
- Ask relevant questions about egg preparation
- Show interest in proper egg handling

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Take a field visit to a poultry farm
- Study how eggs are prepared by sorting, grading, and packing
- Ask resource person questions for clarification
- Discuss and record findings
- Take photographs if possible

What methods are used in commercial egg preparation?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 42
- Protective equipment
- Exercise book and pen
- Digital camera

- Observation - Oral questions - Written report

Food Production Processes

Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Preparing eggs

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate egg preparation techniques
- Sort and grade eggs according to external characteristics
- Handle eggs with care

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Visit a poultry farm or bring eggs to school
- Sort and grade eggs according to external characteristics (color, cleanliness, size, shell quality)
- Pack eggs together according to quality
- Share experience with classmates

How do we prepare eggs for use and storage?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 42
- Eggs
- Egg sorting and packing materials
- Protective equipment

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation

Food Production Processes

Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Ways of preparing honey
Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Field visit for honey preparation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Identify different ways of preparing honey
- Explain the process of preparing honey
- Appreciate the value of proper honey preparation

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Study pictures showing ways of preparing honey
- Identify the ways of preparing honey shown in the pictures
- Discuss the ways of preparing honey shown
- Share ideas with classmates

How is honey prepared for use and storage?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 43
- Pictures showing honey preparation
- Digital resources
- Protective equipment
- Exercise book and pen
- Digital camera

- Observation - Oral questions - Picture identification

Food Production Processes

Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Preparing honey
Preparing Animal Products: Eggs and Honey - Review of animal products preparation

By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

- Demonstrate honey preparation techniques
- Crush and strain honey appropriately
- Handle honey with care

In groups, learners are guided to:
- Visit an apiary or bring honeycombs to school if possible
- Crush and strain honey as learned
- Pack honey in appropriate containers
- Share experience with classmates

How do we prepare honey for use and storage?

- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 44
- Honeycombs
- Basins
- Strainer
- Storage containers
- Protective equipment
- Highland Agriculture and Nutrition Grade 7 pg. 45
- Assessment sheets
- Digital resources
- Reference materials

- Observation - Practical assessment - Group work evaluation